Collection of selected, peer reviewed papers from the Second Asia Conference on Physics and Technology of Nanostructured Materials (ASCO-Nanomat 2013), August 20-27, 2013, Vladivostok, Russia. The 39 papers are grouped as follows: Chapter 1: Semiconducting and metal nano-hetero-structures: self-organization, structure, modeling and characterization; Chapter 2: Nonlinear optical mediums, biomaterials, nanocomposites, nanostructured coatings and their applications.