The Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Nanostructures, Nanomaterials and Nanoengineering 2016 (ICNNN 2016) and 2016 International Conference on Materials Technology and Applications (ICMTA2016) which are took place in Singapore, 29th -31th Oct, 2016. The proceedings present to the readers the newest results of researches which cover the specific areas of materials science and of applied technologies: composites; nanomaterials; alloys and metals; materials and technologies for opto- and microelectronics; materials and technologies in biomedicine, waste recycling and environmental engineering; building materials.