Available:*
Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000010302560 | QH588.S83 R47 2013 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
On Order
Summary
Summary
In the last 3 decades, stem cells have greatly impacted the scientific and lay communities, providing huge advances in the treatment of devastating human diseases, including myocardial infarction, diabetes, muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and osteoporosis. Alongside debates of induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells has been the discovery of adult stem cells in many different tissues. While these organ resident or progenitor stem cells offer prospects to contribute to tissue regeneration, they also present challenges because of the complexity of organ structures.
This book will present the main findings to date and the important factors to be considered when considering resident stem cells in regenerative therapies. Chapters on cardiac, brain, neural, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle, bone, pancreatic, skin, and lung resident stem cells will assist in defining the level of success that has been achieved and the direction for the road ahead. With contributions from leading laboratories, open questions related to resident stem cells and regenerative therapies will also be presented for debate.
Author Notes
Regina Coeli dos Santos Goldenberg, PhD is an Associate Professor and head of the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology in the Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr. Goldenberg has over twenty years of research and academic experience and has played key roles in a number of projects, including studies of adult, embryonic, and induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro and in preclincal models of cardiac and liver disorders. She also participates in several clinical trials using bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell infusion in patients presenting with chagasic cardiomyopathy, neurological disorders, liver diseases, and lung injury. She is currently a board member of the Brazilian Society for Cell Therapy.
Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho, MD, PhD, is Professor of Physiology and Biophysics at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Visiting Professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine (New York), and Research Director at the National Cardiology Institute (Rio de Janeiro). Prof. Campos de Carvalho has authored more than 130 papers and 16 book chapters. Since 2000 he has been working with stem cells and cell therapies, with a special focus on cardiovascular diseases. He heads the Brazilian Cell Therapy Network and coordinates the MiHeart Study, a multicenter, randomized, and placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of bone marrow-derived cells in cardiopathies in Brazil. He is on the Board of the International Union of Physiological Sciences and is a member and Director of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS).
Table of Contents
Foreword | p. xi |
List of Contributors | p. xiii |
1 Resident Stem Cells in Kidney Tissue | p. 1 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 1 |
Brief Description of the Structural Organization of the Mammalian Adult Kidney | p. 2 |
Stem Cells in Kidney Organogenesis | p. 5 |
Kidney Stem/Progenitor Cells: Niches and Isolation | p. 9 |
The Role of Stem/Progenitor Cells in Kidney Regeneration | p. 14 |
Role of Kidney Resident Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Establishment and Progression of Renal Disorders | p. 18 |
Glomerularsclerosis | p. 18 |
Tubular Lesions | p. 19 |
Progenitor/Resident Stem Cells and Renal Cancer | p. 20 |
Stem/Progenitor Cells in Kidney: Features for Therapeutic Use after the Few Trials with Bone Marrow Cells? | p. 21 |
References | p. 25 |
2 Pancreatic Stem Cells | p. 33 |
Introduction | p. 33 |
Embryogenesis and Organogenesis | p. 33 |
References | p. 40 |
3 Tissue Engineering and the Role of Biomaterial Scaffolds | p. 43 |
Introduction to Tissue Engineering | p. 43 |
Role of Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering | p. 46 |
Clinical Translation and Commercialization | p. 49 |
Future of Tissue Engineering | p. 50 |
Cardiac Tissue Engineering | p. 50 |
Future of Cardiac Tissue Engineering | p. 61 |
References | p. 62 |
4 Resident Neural Stem Cells | p. 69 |
Neurogenesis in the Adult Brain | p. 69 |
Neurogenesis during Development | p. 70 |
Neural Stem Cells | p. 72 |
The Subventricular Zone | p. 74 |
Subgranular Zone | p. 77 |
Neural Stem Cell Markers | p. 79 |
Neurogenesis's Regulators | p. 80 |
Cell Therapy | p. 83 |
References | p. 83 |
5 Resident Stem Cell in Skin | p. 89 |
Introduction | p. 89 |
Interfollicular Epidermis | p. 90 |
Hair Follicle and Associated Structures | p. 92 |
Melanocytes | p. 96 |
Dermis | p. 98 |
Cell Therapies and Clinical Application of Skin Stem Cells | p. 100 |
References | p. 102 |
6 Lung Resident Stem Cells | p. 105 |
Lung Structure | p. 105 |
Hierarchy of Lung Resident Stem Cells | p. 108 |
Resident Epithelial Progenitor Cells | p. 108 |
Resident Endothelium Progenitor Cells | p. 112 |
Resident Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells | p. 113 |
Lung Resident Stem Cells in Respiratory Diseases | p. 115 |
Main Challenges for the Identification of Lung Resident Stem Cells | p. 115 |
References | p. 118 |
7 Skeletal Resident Stem Cells | p. 123 |
Bone Tissue | p. 123 |
Bone Marrow as a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Stem Cells for Bones | p. 126 |
Mesenchymal Cells in Orthopedic Bioengineering and Bone Repair | p. 130 |
Skeletal Stem Cells and the Vascular System | p. 131 |
Combined Action: Therapeutic Use of Mesenchymal Progenitors and Angiogenic Progenitors | p. 134 |
Cell Therapy in Pseudarthrosis | p. 135 |
Cell Therapy in Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head (Osteonecrosis) | p. 135 |
Acknowledgments | p. 136 |
References | p. 136 |
8 Cardiac Stem Cells | p. 141 |
c-Kit Positive Cells | p. 144 |
Cardiosphere-Derived Cells | p. 146 |
Side Population | p. 149 |
Islet-1 Positive Cells | p. 150 |
Conclusions and Future Directions | p. 152 |
References | p. 152 |
9 The Neural Crest and the Stem Cells of Neural Crest | p. 157 |
Introduction | p. 157 |
The Neural Crest | p. 159 |
Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells (NCSCs) | p. 165 |
Are NC Cells a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)? | p. 170 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 170 |
Acknowledgments | p. 171 |
References | p. 171 |
10 Liver Resident Stem Cell | p. 177 |
Introduction | p. 177 |
Liver Development | p. 178 |
Liver Regeneration: The Hierarchy for Cell Response | p. 183 |
Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Second Front in Liver Regeneration | p. 183 |
Fetal Hepatic Stem Cell Niche | p. 187 |
Adult Liver Stem/Progenitor Cell Niche | p. 188 |
Liver Stem/Progenitors Cells and Cell Therapy | p. 190 |
References | p. 194 |
11 Telocytes and Stem Cells | p. 205 |
What Are Telocytes? | p. 205 |
What Defines Telocytes as a Unique, Distinct Cell Type? | p. 206 |
Comparison with Fibroblasts | p. 210 |
Where Are Telocytes Located? | p. 211 |
Telocyte Intercellular Relationships | p. 211 |
Phenotype "Portrait" | p. 216 |
The Tandem Telocytes & Stem Cells | p. 219 |
A Hope for Regenerative Medicine | p. 225 |
Future Research Directions | p. 228 |
References | p. 228 |
12 Pericytes as the Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells | p. 233 |
Pericytes | p. 233 |
Relationship between Pericytes and MSCs | p. 236 |
The Plasticity Issue | p. 239 |
Pericytes as Stem Cells in the Body | p. 241 |
Conclusion | p. 245 |
Acknowledgments | p. 246 |
References | p. 246 |
Index | p. 251 |