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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
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Searching... | 30000010099184 | QC661 E43 2005 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Mformation about a material can be gathered from its interaction with electromagnetic waves. The information may be stored in the amplitude, the phase, the polarisation, the angular distribution of energy transportation or the spectral characteristics. When re trieved from the wave, certain material properties may thus be determined indirectly. Compared on the one hand to direct material analysis, an indirect method requires calibration and is prone to interference from undesired sources. On the other hand, however, it permits the determination of features inaccessible by direct methods, such as non-destructive material interrogation, high measurement speed, or deep penetration depth. However, being a physical method, the use of electromagnetic waves is still handicapped by the lack of acceptance by many chemists, who are used to applying direct approaches. Historically, the first application of electromagnetic wave interaction with mat ter involved measurement of amplitude changes at a single frequency caused by material properties, and it is still used today by some systems. This approach was soon supplemented by single frequency phase measurements, in order to avoid distortions through amplitude instabilities or parasitic reflections. Such single pa rameter measurements of course require dependence only on one variable in the measured process and sufficient stability of all other ancillary conditions. If that is not the case, the single parameter measurement fails.
Table of Contents
From the contents: Recent Developments of Electromagnetic Aquametry |
Electromagnetic Wave Interactions with Water and Aqueous Solutions |
Water in Polymers and Biopolymers Studied by Dielectric Techniques |
Thermal and Geometrical Effects on Bulk Permittivity of Porous Mixtures Containing Bound Water |
Model Systems for Materials with High Dielectric Losses in Aquametry |
Moisture Measurement in Multi-Layered Systems |
Methods of Density-Independent Moisture Measurement |
Microwave and RF Resonator-Based Aquametry |
Density and Moisture Measurements Using Microwave Resonators |
Microwave Semisectorial and Other Resonator Sensors for Measuring Materials under Flow |
Microstrip Transmission- and Reflection-Type Sensors Used in Microwave Aquametry |
A Blind Deconvolution Approach for Free Space Moisture Profile Retrieval at Microwave Frequencies |
Sensors for Soil, Substrates, Concrete Based on the MCM100 Microchip |
Advanced Measurement Methods in Time Domain Reflectometry for Soil Moisture Determination |
Simulations and Experiments for Detection of Moisture Profiles with TDR in a Saline Environment |