Handbook of engineering and specialty thermoplastics

This final volume in the Handbook of Engineering and Speciality Thermoplastics covers Nylons and details the developments of the last decade with respect to their polymerization, properties, synthesis, and applications.

Volume 4 on Nylons is a unique compilation and covers many of the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of engineering polymers, such as nitrogen containing main chain polymers (Nylons). The book emphasizes the various aspects of preparation, structure, processing, morphology, properties and applications of engineering polymers. Recent advances in the development and characterization of multi component polymer blends and composites (maco, micro and nano) based on engineering polymers are also be discussed in detail. It covers an up-to-date record on the major findings and observations in the field.

This state-of-the-art volume:

Has chapters on Polyamide Imides, Polyphthalamides, Polyetherimides, Aromatic Polyamides, Polyanilines, Polyimides

Comprehensive in an encyclopaedic fashion and includes material published in journals, books, conference proceedings, as well as the patent literature

It serves as a "one stop" reference resource for recent important research accomplishments in this area

The authors represent some of the best industry and academic researchers around the globe.

Researchers, scientists, engineers and students in the field of polymer science, polymer technology, and materials science will benefit from reading this book. As it is highly applications oriented, the book will help the user to find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems.

Author Notes

Sabu Thomas is a Professor of Polymer Science and Engineering at the School of Chemical Sciences, as well as the Director of Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, India. He received his PhD in 1987 in Polymer Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, India. He is a fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, London and a member of the American Chemical Society. He has been ranked no 5 in India with regard to the number of publications (most productive scientists). He also received the coveted Sukumar Maithy Award for the best polymer researcher in the country for the year 2008. The research group of Prof. Thomas has received numerous awards and honors for excellent work in polymer science and engineering.
Visakh P.M. is a Research Fellow at the School of Chemical Science Mahatma Gandhi University. He has co-edited several books with Sabu Thomas and has written many journal articles and book chapters. His research interests include polymer nanocomposites, bio-nanocomposites, liquid crystalline polymers, rubber based nanocomposites, and fire retardant polymers.

Visakh. P. M and Sabu ThomasZulkifli AhmadJ. I. Iribarren and C. Alemán and J. PuiggaliSabrina Carroccio and Concetto Puglisi and Giorgio MontaudoAnnarosa GugliuzzaJosé M. García and Félix C. García and Felipe Serna and José L. de la PeñaMelek Kiristi and Aysegul UygunAbdolreza Hajipour and Fatemeh Rafiee and Ghobad Azizi

List of Contributors	p. xi
1 Engineering and Specialty Thermoplastics: Nylons	p. 1
1.1 Polyamide-imides	p. 1
1.2 Polyetherimide (PEI)	p. 2
1.3 Poly(Ether-Block-Amide)	p. 2
1.4 Aromatic Polyamides:	p. 3
1.5 Polyaniline	p. 5
1.6 Polyimides	p. 6
1.7 New Challenges and Opportunities	p. 8
References	p. 9
2 Polyamide Imide	p. 11
2.1 Introduction and History	p. 11
2.2 Polymerization	p. 13
2.3 Properties	p. 19
2.3.1 Solubility	p. 19
2.3.2 Crystallinity	p. 19
2.3.3 Thermal	p. 22
2.3.4 Mechanical	p. 24
2.3.5 Opto-electronic	p. 25
2.3.6 Hydrogen bonding	p. 26
2.4 Processing	p. 27
2.5 Applications	p. 30
2.5.1 Membrane Material	p. 30
2.5.2 Coatings	p. 31
2.5.3 Electronic	p. 32
2.5.4 Optical	p. 33
2.6 Recent Developments on Blends and Composites	p. 33
2.6.1 Blends	p. 33
2.6.2 Composites	p. 34
2.7 Conclusions	p. 30
References
3 Folyphthalamides	p. 43
3.1 Introduction and History	p. 43
3.2 Polymerization and Fabrication	p. 47
3.3 Properties	p. 53
3.4 Chemical Stability	p. 61
3.5 Processing	p. 66
3.6 Applications	p. 68
3.7 Developments in Polyphthalamide Based Blends and Composites and their Applications	p. 71
References	p. 75
4 Polyetherimide	p. 79
4.1 Introduction and History	p. 79
4.2 Polymerization	p. 82
4.2.1 Two Step Polymerization Reaction	p. 82
4.2.2 One Step Processes	p. 82
4.2.3 Synthesis Via Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction	p. 85
4.2.4 Synthesis Via Exchange Reactions	p. 87
4.3 Properties	p. 88
4.3.1 Thermal Properties	p. 89
4.3.2 Electrical Properties	p. 89
4.3.3 Mechanical Properties	p. 92
4.4 Stability	p. 92
4.4.1 Hydrolitic Stability	p. 92
4.4.2 Thermal Stability	p. 95
4.4.3 Thermo and Photo Oxidative Stability	p. 96
4.5 Special Additives	p. 99
4.6 Processing	p. 99
4.7 Applications	p. 101
4.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling	p. 102
4.9 Recent Developments In Polyetherimides Based Blends and Composities	p. 102
References	p. 105
5 Poly(ether-block-amide) Copolymers Synthesis, Properties and Applications	p. 111
5.1 Introduction	p. 111
5.2 Synthesis and Micro-phase Separated Morphology	p. 113
5.3 Nomenclature, Properties and Relevant Area Applications	p. 117
5.4 Compounding and Special Additives	p. 122
5.5 Environmental Impact and Recycling	p. 123
5.6 Poly ether-block-amides Membrane in Separation Processes	p. 124
5.6.1 Treatment of Gaseous Streams	p. 126
5.6.2 Water Permeable Poly(ether-block-amide) Membranes	p. 130
5.6.3 Separation of Organic Compounds from Organic and Aqueous Streams	p. 131
5.7 Poly(ether-block-amide) Membranes in Food	p. 133
5.8 Concluding Remarks	p. 135
References	p. 136
6 Aromatic Polyamides (Aramids)	p. 141
6.1 Introduction and History	p. 142
6.2 Polymerization and Fabrication	p. 145
6.2.1 Polymerization	p. 145
6.2.2 Fabrication	p. 149
6.3 Properties	p. 149
6.4 Chemical Stability	p. 154
6.5 Special Additives	p. 154
6.6 Processing	p. 157
6.6.1 Processing PMPI and ODA/PPPT	p. 157
6.6.2 Processing of PPPT	p. 157
6.7 Applications	p. 158
6.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling	p. 161
6.9 Recent Developments in Aromatic Polyamides and their Applications	p. 162
6.9.1 Forthcoming and Future Application of Aramids	p. 163
6.9.2 Polyamides with Improved Solubility	p. 171
Acknowledgments	p. 174
References	p. 174
7 Polyaniline	p. 183
7.1 Introduction and History	p. 183
7.2 Polymerization and Fabrication	p. 184
7.3 Properties	p. 186
7.3.1 Electrical Properties of Polyaniline	p. 186
7.3.2 Chemical Properties of Polyaniline	p. 186
7.3.3 Mechanical Properties of Polyaniline	p. 187
7.3.4 Optical Properties of Polyanilines	p. 188
7.4 Chemical Stability	p. 188
7.5 Compounding and Special Additives	p. 189
7.6 Processing	p. 195
7.7 Applications	p. 197
7.8 Environmental Impact and Recycling	p. 202
7.9 Recent Developments in Polyaniline Based Blends and Composites and their Applications	p. 203
References	p. 205
8 Polyimides: Synthesis Properties, Characterization and Applications	p. 211
8.1 Introduction	p. 211
8.2 Synthesis and Properties of Polyimides	p. 213
8.2.1 Two-step Poly(amic acid) Process	p. 213
8.2.2 Bulky Substituent in Polymer Backbone	p. 215
8.2.3 Polyimides with Flexible Ether Links	p. 217
8.2.4 Polyimides Containing Trifluoromethyl Group	p. 221
8.2.5 Polyimides Containing Pyridine	p. 228
8.2.6 Polyimides Containing Silicon	p. 233
8.2.7 Polyimides Containing Phosphine Oxide Group	p. 233
8.2.8 Synthesis of Polyimides via Dithioanhydride and Diamine	p. 235
8.2.9 Synthesis of Polyimides via Polyamic Acid Alkyl Esters	p. 2361
8.2.10 Synthesis of Polyimides via Polyamic Acid Trimethylsilyl Esters	p. 238
8.2.11 Polyimides Containing Six Membered Rings	p. 239
8.2.12 Synthesis of Polyimides via Dianhydride and Diisocyanate	p. 241
8.2.13 Preparation of Polyimides via Imide Exchange	p. 243
8.2.14 Synthesis of Polyimides via Mitsunobu Reaction	p. 244
8.2.15 Synthesis of Polyimides via Coupling by using Metals	p. 245
8.2.16 Green Media for Preparation of Polyimides	p. 246
8.2.17 Copolymers of Polyimides	p. 251
8.3 Characterization and Analysis of Polyimides	p. 258
8.4 Applications	p. 261
8.4.1 Polyimides for Electronic Applications	p. 262
8.4.2 Application of Polyimides in Membranes	p. 270
8.4.3 Application of Polyimides in Fuel Cells	p. 273
8.4.4 Polyimide Foams	p. 275
8.4.5 Adhesives	p. 276
References	p. 277
Index	p. 289

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