Composites for construction : structural design with FRP materials

Title:

Personal Author:

Bank, Lawrence Colin, 1956-

Publication Information:

Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2006

ISBN:

9780471681267

Subject Term:

Fiber reinforced plastics -- Textbooks

Polymeric composites -- Textbooks

Structural design -- Textbooks

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010124002	TA455.P55 B36 2006	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

The first textbook on the design of FRP for structural engineering applications

Composites for Construction is a one-of-a-kind guide to understanding fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) and designing and retrofitting structures with FRP. Written and organized like traditional textbooks on steel, concrete, and wood design, it demystifies FRP composites and demonstrates how both new and retrofit construction projects can especially benefit from these materials, such as offshore and waterfront structures, bridges, parking garages, cooling towers, and industrial buildings.

The code-based design guidelines featured in this book allow for demonstrated applications to immediately be implemented in the real world. Covered codes and design guidelines include ACI 440, ASCE Structural Plastics Design Manual, EUROCOMP Design Code, AASHTO Specifications, and manufacturer-published design guides. Procedures are provided to the structural designer on how to use this combination of code-like documents to design with FRP profiles.

In four convenient sections, Composites for Construction covers:
* An introduction to FRP applications, products and properties, and to the methods of obtaining the characteristic properties of FRP materials for use in structural design
* The design of concrete structural members reinforced with FRP reinforcing bars
* Design of FRP strengthening systems such as strips, sheets, and fabrics for upgrading the strength and ductility of reinforced concrete structural members
* The design of trusses and frames made entirely of FRP structural profiles produced by the pultrusion process

Author Notes

Lawrence C. Bank, PE, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

Preface	p. xiii
1 Introduction	p. 1
1.1 Overview	p. 1
1.2 Historical Background	p. 2
1.3 FRP Reinforcements for New Concrete Structural Members	p. 3
1.3.1 FRP Bars or Grids for Reinforced Concrete Members	p. 4
1.3.2 FRP Tendons for Prestressed Concrete Members	p. 6
1.3.3 Stay-in-Place FRP Formwork for Reinforced Concrete Members	p. 8
1.4 FRP Strengthening of Existing Structural Members	p. 10
1.5 FRP Profiles for New Structures	p. 18
1.6 Other Emerging Applications of Interest to Structural Engineers	p. 23
1.7 Properties of FRP Products for Structural Engineering Design	p. 25
1.8 Published Design Guides, Codes, and Specifications for FRP Composites in Structural Engineering	p. 34
1.8.1 FRP Reinforcing Bars and Tendons	p. 34
1.8.2 FRP Strengthening Systems	p. 34
1.8.3 FRP Pultruded Profiles	p. 35
1.8.4 Manufacturers' Design Manuals	p. 35
1.8.5 Key Conferences Series	p. 36
1.8.6 Archival Journals	p. 37
2 Materials and Manufacturing	p. 40
2.1 Overview	p. 40
2.2 Raw Materials	p. 41
2.2.1 Reinforcing Fibers	p. 41
2.2.2 Polymer Resins	p. 45
2.3 Manufacturing Methods	p. 51
2.3.1 Pultrusion	p. 52
2.3.2 Hand Layup	p. 68
2.3.3 Other Manufacturing Processes	p. 75
3 Properties of FRP Composites	p. 78
3.1 Overview	p. 78
3.2 Theoretical Determination of Properties	p. 78
3.2.1 Fiber Level	p. 78
3.2.2 Lamina Level	p. 83
3.2.3 Laminate Level	p. 89
3.2.4 Full-Section Level	p. 103
3.3 Experimental Determination of Properties	p. 104
3.3.1 Fiber Level	p. 105
3.3.2 Lamina Level	p. 106
3.3.3 Laminate Level	p. 107
3.3.4 Full-Section Level	p. 110
3.4 Relevant Standard Test Methods for FRP Composites for Structural Engineers	p. 118
3.4.1 American Society of Testing and Materials Test Methods	p. 118
3.4.2 Full-Section Test Methods for FRP Bars and Laminates	p. 120
4 Design Basis for FRP Reinforcements	p. 128
4.1 Overview	p. 128
4.2 Introduction	p. 129
4.3 Properties of FRP Reinforcing Bars	p. 129
4.4 Design Basis for FRP-Reinforced Concrete	p. 133
4.4.1 Resistance Factors	p. 134
4.4.2 Minimum Reinforcement Requirements	p. 135
4.4.3 Determination of Guaranteed Properties of FRP Rebars	p. 135
4.4.4 Design for Environmental Effects on FRP Rebars	p. 136
4.4.5 Special Considerations Regarding FRP Rebars	p. 137
4.4.6 Design for Serviceability	p. 139
4.4.7 Temperature and Shrinkage Reinforcement in Slabs	p. 140
5 FRP Flexural Reinforcement	p. 143
5.1 Overview	p. 143
5.2 Introduction	p. 143
5.3 Flexural Strength of an FRP-Reinforced Section	p. 145
5.3.1 Overreinforced Section	p. 147
5.3.2 Underreinforced Section	p. 148
5.3.3 Minimum Flexural Reinforcement	p. 151
5.4 Design Procedure for an FRP-Reinforced Flexural Member	p. 151
5.4.1 Design of FRP-Reinforced Bridge Deck Slabs	p. 160
5.5 Serviceability Design of FRP-Reinforced Beams	p. 166
5.5.1 Deflections Under Service Loads	p. 166
5.5.2 Flexural Cracking	p. 169
5.5.3 Creep and Fatigue at Service Loads	p. 170
5.6 Design Procedure for Serviceability	p. 170
6 FRP Shear Reinforcement	p. 182
6.1 Overview	p. 182
6.2 Introduction	p. 182
6.3 Shear Design of an FRP-Reinforced Concrete Section	p. 185
6.3.1 Concrete Contribution to Shear Capacity	p. 185
6.3.2 Shear Capacity of FRP Stirrups	p. 187
6.3.3 Punching Shear Capacity in Slabs	p. 189
6.4 Limits on Shear Reinforcement and Shear Strengths for Shear Design	p. 189
6.5 Design Procedure for FRP Shear Reinforcement	p. 190
7 FRP Reinforcement Detailing	p. 198
7.1 Overview	p. 198
7.2 Introduction	p. 198
7.3 Geometric Details	p. 200
7.3.1 Calculation of Bar Spacing	p. 202
7.4 Bond Strength of FRP Bars	p. 204
7.5 Development of Straight FRP Bars	p. 205
7.6 Development of Hooked FRP Bars	p. 206
7.7 Lap Splices for FRP Bars	p. 207
7.8 Design Procedure to Detail FRP Bars in a Beam	p. 207
8 Design Basis for FRP Strengthening	p. 214
8.1 Overview	p. 214
8.2 Introduction	p. 215
8.3 Properties of FRP Strengthening Systems	p. 217
8.4 Design Basis for FRP Strengthening Systems	p. 219
8.4.1 Resistance Factors	p. 219
8.4.2 Guaranteed Properties	p. 220
8.4.3 Environmental Effects	p. 220
8.4.4 Limits on Strengthening	p. 221
8.4.5 Limits on Stresses in FRP Strengthening Systems at Service Loads	p. 223
8.4.6 Compression Strengthening in Flexural Members	p. 223
8.5 Deflections in FRP-Strengthened Structures	p. 223
8.6 FRP Strengthening System Area Calculations	p. 223
9 FRP Flexural Strengthening	p. 227
9.1 Overview	p. 227
9.2 Introduction	p. 227
9.3 Flexural Capacity of an FRP-Strengthened Member	p. 230
9.3.1 Stress in the FRP Strengthening System	p. 233
9.3.2 Strain in the Internal Reinforcing Steel	p. 234
9.3.3 Neutral-Axis Depth	p. 234
9.3.4 Existing Substrate Strain	p. 235
9.4 Determination of Failure Modes and Flexural Capacity	p. 236
9.4.1 Mode 1a: Concrete Crushing After Steel Yields	p. 237
9.4.2 Mode 1b: Concrete Crushing Before Steel Yields	p. 238
9.4.3 Mode 2a: FRP Failure After Steel Yields	p. 239
9.4.4 Mode 2b: FRP Failure Before Steel Yields	p. 241
9.5 Balanced Condition	p. 243
9.6 Detailing for Flexural Strengthening	p. 244
9.7 Design Procedure for a Flexurally Strengthened Concrete Member	p. 245
9.8 Serviceability of FRP-Strengthened Flexural Members	p. 266
9.8.1 Cracked FRP Strengthened Section	p. 266
9.8.2 Service-Level Stress in the Internal Steel Reinforcing Bars	p. 268
9.8.3 Service-Level Stress in the FRP Strengthening System	p. 270
9.9 Load-Deflection Response of FRP-Strengthened Flexural Members	p. 271
10 FRP Shear Strengthening	p. 288
10.1 Overview	p. 288
10.2 Introduction	p. 289
10.3 Shear Capacity of an FRP-Strengthened Member	p. 293
10.4 Effective Strain in the FRP for Shear Strengthening	p. 296
10.5 Design Procedure for Shear Strengthening	p. 298
10.6 Shear Strengthening of Fully Wrapped Axially Loaded Columns	p. 308
11 FRP Confining	p. 316
11.1 Overview	p. 316
11.2 Introduction	p. 316
11.3 FRP Confining for Axial Strengthening	p. 324
11.3.1 Serviceability for FRP-Strengthened Axial Members	p. 326
11.4 Design Procedure for FRP Axial Strengthening of RC Circular Columns	p. 327
11.5 FRP-Strengthened Eccentrically Loaded Columns	p. 333
11.6 FRP Confining for Increased Ductility	p. 346
11.6.1 Lateral Displacement Ductility	p. 347
11.6.2 Flexural Hinge Confinement	p. 348
11.7 Design Procedure for Flexural Hinge Confinement	p. 350
11.8 Lap Splice Region Confinement	p. 351
11.9 Plastic Shear Overstrength Demand	p. 352
12 Design Basis for FRP Profiles	p. 359
12.1 Overview	p. 359
12.2 Introduction	p. 360
12.3 Properties of Pultruded Profiles	p. 363
12.4 Design Basis for FRP Pultruded Structures	p. 369
12.4.1 Allowable Stress Design	p. 370
12.4.2 Load and Resistance Factor Design	p. 373
12.5 Performance-Based Design	p. 380
13 Pultruded Flexural Members	p. 384
13.1 Overview	p. 384
13.2 Introduction	p. 384
13.3 Stresses in Flexural Members	p. 385
13.4 Deformations in Flexural Members	p. 388
13.5 Determination of Deflections and Stresses for Serviceability and Ultimate Limit States	p. 392
13.6 Serviceability Limits States	p. 393
13.6.1 Deformation Limit State: Transverse Deflection	p. 393
13.6.2 Long-Term Deflection in Pultruded Beams	p. 397
13.7 Ultimate Limit States	p. 401
13.7.1 Lateral-Torsional Buckling	p. 401
13.7.2 Local Buckling of Walls Due to In-Plane Compression	p. 403
13.7.3 Local Buckling of Walls Due to In-Plane Shear	p. 413
13.7.4 Web Crushing and Web Buckling in the Transverse Direction	p. 414
13.7.5 Additional Factors Affecting Local Buckling in Pultruded Profiles	p. 415
13.7.6 Flange and Web Longitudinal Material Failure	p. 417
13.7.7 Flange and Web Material Shear Failure	p. 418
13.8 Design Procedure for Flexural Members	p. 419
14 Pultruded Axial Members	p. 436
14.1 Overview	p. 436
14.2 Introduction	p. 436
14.3 Concentrically Loaded Compression Members	p. 437
14.4 Deformations in Concentrically Loaded Compression Members	p. 439
14.5 Determination of Deflections and Stresses for Serviceability and Ultimate Limit States	p. 439
14.6 Serviceability Limit States: Axial Shortening	p. 439
14.7 Ultimate Limit States	p. 440
14.7.1 Global Flexural Buckling	p. 440
14.7.2 Global Torsional Buckling	p. 442
14.7.3 Local Buckling Due to Axial Loads	p. 443
14.7.4 Interaction Between Local and Global Buckling Modes in Intermediate-Length Compression Members	p. 450
14.7.5 Flange and Web Longitudinal Material Failure	p. 453
14.8 Design Procedure for Concentrically Loaded Compression Members	p. 453
14.9 Concentrically Loaded Tension Members	p. 467
14.9.1 Deformations in Concentrically Loaded Tension Members	p. 468
14.10 Determination of Deflections and Stresses for Serviceability and Ultimate Limit States: Axial Elongation	p. 468
14.11 Ultimate Limit States	p. 469
14.11.1 Longitudinal Material Failure on the Gross Area	p. 469
14.11.2 Longitudinal Material Failure on the Net Area	p. 469
14.12 Design Procedure for Concentrically Loaded Tension Members	p. 470
14.13 Combined Load Members	p. 471
14.13.1 Members Subjected to Combined Flexure and Compression (Beam-Columns)	p. 471
14.13.2 Members Subjected to Combined Flexure and Tension	p. 477
15 Pultruded Connections	p. 484
15.1 Overview	p. 484
15.2 Introduction	p. 485
15.2.1 Conventional Pultruded Connections	p. 485
15.2.2 Custom Pultruded Connections	p. 488
15.3 Mechanical Fasteners and Connection Parts	p. 490
15.3.1 FRP Nuts and Bolts	p. 492
15.4 Research on Heavy Beam-to-Column Pultruded Connections	p. 492
15.5 Bolted Pultruded Connections	p. 496
15.6 Light-Truss Pultruded Connections	p. 498
15.6.1 Lap Joint Connections	p. 499
15.7 Heavy-Frame Pultruded Connections	p. 503
15.8 Design of Bolted Pultruded Connections	p. 504
15.9 Determination of Stresses in In-Plane Lap Joints	p. 505
15.9.1 Bearing Stress in the Base Pultruded Material	p. 505
15.9.2 Net-Tension Stress in the Base Pultruded Material	p. 506
15.9.3 Shear-Out Stress in the Base Pultruded Material	p. 506
15.9.4 Shear Stress on a Bolt	p. 507
15.10 Stresses in Out-of-Plane Shear Connections	p. 507
15.10.1 Longitudinal Shear Stress at the Heel of an Angle	p. 507
15.10.2 Flexural Stress in the Leg of an Angle Bolted to a Column Member	p. 508
15.10.3 Transverse Tensile Stress in a Web-Flange Junction of a Column	p. 509
15.10.4 Block Shear in a Beam Web	p. 509
15.10.5 Flexural and Shear Stresses in Flexible Seated Connections	p. 510
15.11 Critical Connection Limit States	p. 510
15.12 Design Procedure for a Pultruded Connection	p. 512
References	p. 527
Index	p. 545

Available:*

On Order

Summary

Summary

Author Notes

Table of Contents