Video coding for wireless communication systems

Title:

Personal Author:

Ngan, King N.

Publication Information:

New York : Marcel Dekker, 2001

ISBN:

9780824704896

Subject Term:

Wireless communication systems

Image transmission

Signal processing

Digital video

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000004565739	TK5105.2 N48 2001	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

"Explains the transmission of image and video information over wireless channels. Describes MPEG-4, the latest video coding standard. Discusses error resilient combined source channel image and video coders, and multiple access spread spectrum and future generation wireless video communication systems."

Author Notes

King N. Ngan is a Professor and the head of the Visual Communications Research Group, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
Chi W. Yap is the Research and Development Manager of Enabling Technology Pty. Ltd., Perth, Australia
Keng T. Tan is Chief Executive Officer, Go-CDMA Ltd., Hong Kong, People's Republic of China

Preface	p. vii
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
1 Source Coding	p. 1
1.1 Image and Video Source Coding	p. 2
1.2 Picture Quality	p. 3
1.3 Spatial Source Coding	p. 4
1.3.1 The Discrete Cosine Transform	p. 5
1.3.2 Run Length Encoding	p. 8
1.3.3 Huffman Coding	p. 8
1.4 The Wavelet Transform	p. 11
1.4.1 History of Wavelets - The Abridged Version	p. 11
1.4.2 The Short Time Fourier Transform	p. 12
1.4.3 Wavelet Analysis	p. 15
1.4.4 Discrete Wavelet Transform	p. 17
1.4.5 Wavelets for Image Processing	p. 19
1.4.6 Wavelets Versus JPEG	p. 22
1.5 Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees	p. 25
1.6 Temporal Source Coding	p. 29
1.6.1 Frame Differencing	p. 29
1.6.2 Motion Estimation and Compensation	p. 30
1.7 The H.261 Video Coding Standard	p. 31
1.8 The H.263 Video Coding Standard	p. 32
1.8.1 Source Coding Algorithm	p. 33
1.8.2 Picture Formats	p. 33
1.8.3 H.263 Bitstream Syntax	p. 33
1.9 Error Resilient Additions to Video Coding Standards	p. 38
1.9.1 H.261	p. 38
1.9.2 H.263 Version 2	p. 38
1.9.3 H.324	p. 40
1.10 Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Versions 1 and 2	p. 41
1.10.1 MPEG-1	p. 41
1.10.2 MPEG-2	p. 46
References	p. 58
2 MPEG-4 - Standard for Multimedia Applications	p. 61
2.1 Introduction	p. 61
2.2 Features of the MPEG-4 Standard	p. 62
2.2.1 Coded Representation of Primitive AVOs	p. 63
2.2.2 Composition of AVOs	p. 63
2.3 Coding of Natural Visual Objects	p. 65
2.3.1 Video Object Plane (VOP)	p. 65
2.3.2 The Encoder	p. 66
2.3.3 Shape Coding	p. 67
2.3.4 Motion Estimation and Compensation	p. 75
2.3.5 Texture Coding	p. 89
2.3.6 Prediction and Coding of B-VOPs	p. 108
2.3.7 Generalized Scalable Coding	p. 114
2.3.8 Sprite Coding	p. 123
2.3.9 Still Image Texture Coding	p. 129
2.4 Coding of Synthetic Objects	p. 134
2.4.1 Facial Animation	p. 135
2.4.2 Body Animation	p. 137
2.4.3 2-D Animated Meshes	p. 137
2.5 Error Resilience	p. 139
2.5.1 Resynchronization	p. 140
2.5.2 Data Recovery	p. 141
2.5.3 Error Concealment	p. 141
2.5.4 Modes of Operation	p. 142
2.5.5 Error Resilience Encoding Tools	p. 142
References	p. 145
3 Channel Coding	p. 147
3.1 Linear Block Codes	p. 148
3.1.1 Hamming Codes	p. 152
3.2 Cyclic Codes	p. 153
3.2.1 Encoding	p. 155
3.2.2 Generator and Parity Check Matrix	p. 156
3.2.3 Error Correction and the Syndrome	p. 157
3.3 Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Codes	p. 158
3.3.1 Description of BCH Codes	p. 158
3.3.2 Decoding of BCH Codes	p. 159
3.4 Reed-Solomon Codes	p. 160
3.5 Convolution Codes	p. 161
3.5.1 Rate Compatible Punctured Convolutional Codes	p. 165
3.5.2 The Viterbi Algorithm	p. 167
3.6 Interleaving	p. 171
References	p. 174
4 Radio Channel Modelling	p. 177
4.1 Introduction	p. 177
4.2 Propagation Environments	p. 178
4.2.1 Indoor Wireless Channel	p. 178
4.2.2 Outdoor/Urban Wireless Channel	p. 180
4.2.3 Satellite Wireless Channel	p. 183
4.3 Radio Channel Parameters	p. 185
4.3.1 Time Delay Spread and Coherence Bandwidth	p. 185
4.3.2 Doppler Spread and Coherence Time	p. 187
4.3.3 Resolvable Paths	p. 190
4.3.4 Uplink and Downlink Channel	p. 190
4.4 Multipath Fading Radio Channel Models	p. 193
4.4.1 Narrowband Fading Channel Models	p. 193
4.4.2 Model Verification	p. 202
4.4.3 Wideband Fading Channel Models	p. 210
4.5 Large Scale Path Loss Model	p. 222
4.5.1 Free Space Attenuation	p. 222
4.5.2 Outdoor Propagation Models	p. 224
4.5.3 Satellite Propagation Path Rain Attenuation Models	p. 229
4.6 Summary	p. 231
References	p. 231
5 Error Resilient Combined Source Channel Image Coder	p. 235
5.1 Source Significance Information	p. 236
5.2 Unequal Error Protection	p. 241
5.3 Error Concealment	p. 243
5.3.1 Error Concealment Method 1	p. 243
5.3.2 Error Concealment Method 2	p. 248
5.4 Simulation	p. 253
5.5 Results and Discussion	p. 254
5.6 Conclusion	p. 257
References	p. 257
6 Error Resilient Combined Source Channel Video Coder	p. 259
6.1 Video Sequence Characteristics	p. 260
6.2 Source Significance Information	p. 260
6.2.1 Error Propagation in the H.263 Bitstream	p. 267
6.3 Unequal Error Protection	p. 268
6.3.1 Significance Classification	p. 268
6.4 Synchronisation	p. 270
6.4.1 The EREC Algorithm	p. 272
6.5 Error Concealment	p. 280
6.5.1 Error Concealment in the Frequency Domain	p. 280
6.5.2 Error Concealment in the Temporal Domain	p. 281
6.6 Simulation	p. 282
6.7 Results and Discussion	p. 283
6.7.1 Objective Comparison	p. 283
6.7.2 Subjective Comparison	p. 291
6.8 Conclusion	p. 296
References	p. 297
7 Multiple Access in Spread Spectrum Communications	p. 299
7.1 Introduction	p. 299
7.2 Diversity, Multiplexing and Spread Spectrum	p. 300
7.2.1 Code Division Multiplexing (CDM)	p. 300
7.2.2 Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)	p. 304
7.2.3 Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)	p. 306
7.2.4 Direct Sequence and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum	p. 306
7.3 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)	p. 312
7.3.1 Narrowband DS-CDMA	p. 312
7.3.2 Wideband CDMA	p. 319
7.3.3 SMM Based DS-SSMA	p. 323
7.4 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)	p. 366
7.4.1 Time Division Multiple Access with Spreading (TD/CDMA/JD-CDMA)	p. 367
7.4.2 Code Time Division Multiple Access	p. 370
7.4.3 Time Code Division Multiple Access	p. 378
7.4.4 Hybrid TDMA/CDMA Mobile Cellular System Using Complementary Code Sets	p. 382
7.4.5 A Summary on TDMA Based DS-SSMA Schemes	p. 388
7.5 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)	p. 388
7.5.1 Multi-Carrier Based DS-SSMA Schemes	p. 389
7.5.2 Orthogonal Frequency Divisional Multiplexing and Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access	p. 389
7.5.3 Multi-Carrier Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access	p. 396
7.5.4 Multi-Tone Code Division Multiple Access	p. 401
7.5.5 A Summary of Orthogonal Multi-Carrier DS-SSMA Schemes	p. 404
7.6 Alternative Multiple Access Schemes	p. 404
7.6.1 Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA)	p. 404
7.6.2 Opportunity Driven Multiple Access (ODMA)	p. 407
7.7 Summary	p. 407
References	p. 408
8 Future Generation Wireless Video Communication Systems	p. 421
8.1 Mobile Video over Future Generation Radio Communication Systems	p. 422
8.1.1 Source-Channel Mobile Video with EREC over Spread Spectrum Channels	p. 422
8.1.2 Digital Television Broadcasting	p. 431
8.1.3 Scalable Video over Wireless LAN	p. 484
References	p. 497
A An Introduction to Galois Fields	p. 503
A.1 Galois Fields	p. 503
A.2 Polynomials over GF(q)	p. 504
A.3 The GF(q) Field Extension	p. 505
A.3.1 Minimum Polynomials over GF(q[superscript M])	p. 506
A.4 Implementation of GF Arithmetic in C	p. 507
A.4.1 Addition of Two Field Elements	p. 507
A.4.2 Multiplication of a Field Element by a Primitive Element	p. 508
A.4.3 Multiplication of a Field Element by Another Element	p. 508
A.4.4 Multiplication of Two Arbitrary Field Elements	p. 509
A.4.5 Computation of r([alpha superscript i])	p. 509
A.4.6 Division over GF(2[superscript N])	p. 510
Reference	p. 510
B Coding Tables for the H.263 Standard	p. 511
Index	p. 525

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Table of Contents