Guidelines for hazard evaluation procedures

Title:

Edition:

3rd ed.

Publication Information:

New York, NY : American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2008

Physical Description:

xxvii, 542 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.

ISBN:

9780471978152

Subject Term:

Chemical plants -- Safety measures

Petroleum refineries -- Safety measures

Hazardous materials -- Safety measures

Added Corporate Author:

American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Center for Chemical Process Safety

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010191433	TP155.5 G85 2008	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010177803	TP155.5 G85 2008	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures, 3rd Edition keeps process engineers updated on the effective methodologies that process safety demands. Almost 200 pages of worked examples are included to facilitate understanding. References for further reading, along with charts and diagrams that reflect the latest views and information, make this a completely accessible work. The revised and updated edition includes information not included in previous editions giving a comprehensive overview of this topic area.

Author Notes

Since 1985, the Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has been the world leader in developing and disseminating information on process safety management and technology. CCPS, an industry technology alliance of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), has published over 80 books in its process safety guidelines and process safety concepts series.

Acknowledgments	p. xi
List of Tables	p. xiii
List of Figures	p. xvii
Abbreviations and Acronyms	p. xix
Glossary	p. xxi
Part I Hazard Evaluation Procedures
Preface	p. 3
Management Overview	p. 11
1 Introduction to the Guidelines	p. 15
1.1 Background	p. 16
1.2 Relationship of Hazard Evaluation to Risk Management Strategies	p. 17
1.3 Anatomy of a Process Incident	p. 18
1.4 The Role of Safeguards	p. 23
1.5 Hazard Evaluation Throughout a Plant Lifetime	p. 29
1.6 Hazard Evaluation and Regulations	p. 29
1.7 Limitations of Hazard Evaluation	p. 30
2 Preparation for Hazard Evaluations	p. 35
2.1 Infrastructure	p. 35
2.2 Analysis Objectives	p. 36
2.3 Developing the Review Scope and Boundaries	p. 38
2.4 Information Requirements	p. 38
2.5 Use of Software Programs	p. 41
2.6 Personnel and Skills	p. 42
2.7 Schedule and Execution	p. 45
2.8 Initial Team Review Meeting	p. 47
3 Hazard Identification Methods	p. 51
3.1 Analyzing Material Properties and Process Conditions	p. 51
3.2 Using Experience	p. 54
3.3 Developing Interaction Matrixes	p. 55
3.4 Hazard Identification Results	p. 58
3.5 Using Hazard Evaluation Techniques to Identify Hazards	p. 59
3.6 Initial Assessment of Worst-Case Consequences	p. 60
3.7 Hazard Reduction Approaches and Inherent Safety Reviews	p. 62
4 Non-Scenario-Based Hazard Evaluation Procedures	p. 71
4.1 Preliminary Hazard Analysis	p. 73
4.2 Safety Review	p. 79
4.3 Relative Ranking	p. 84
4.4 Checklist Analysis	p. 93
5 Scenario-Based Hazard Evaluation Procedures	p. 99
5.1 What-If Analysis	p. 100
5.2 What-If/Checklist Analysis	p. 107
5.3 Hazard and Operability Studies	p. 115
5.4 Failure Modes and Effects Analysis	p. 134
5.5 Fault Tree Analysis	p. 142
5.6 Event Tree Analysis	p. 158
5.7 Cause-Consequence Analysis and Bow-Tie Analysis	p. 167
5.8 Other Techniques	p. 173
6 Selection of Hazard Evaluation Techniques	p. 175
6.1 Factors Influencing the Selection of Hazard Evaluation Techniques	p. 176
6.2 Decision-Making Process for Selecting Hazard Evaluation Techniques	p. 186
6.3 Example Using the Proposed Selection Criteria	p. 186
6.4 Hazard Reviews for Management of Changes	p. 194
6.5 Combined Hazard Reviews	p. 197
6.6 Hazard Evaluation at Different Plant Lifetime Stages	p. 198
6.7 Integrating Occupational Safety, Environment, Reliability, Maintainability, Quality, and Security into Hazard Evaluations	p. 204
7 Risk-Based Determination of the Adequacy of Safeguards	p. 211
7.1 Scenarios from Scenario-Based Hazard Evaluations	p. 212
7.2 Severity of Consequences	p. 213
7.3 Frequency of Initiating Causes	p. 217
7.4 Effectiveness of Safeguards	p. 218
7.5 Risk Estimation using Risk Matrix or Direct Calculation	p. 220
7.6 Layer of Protection Analysis	p. 223
8 Analysis Follow-Up Considerations	p. 233
8.1 Development of Recommendations	p. 233
8.2 Prioritization of Hazard Evaluation Results	p. 235
8.3 Documentation of Hazard Evaluations	p. 245
8.4 Development of a Management Response to a Hazard Evaluation	p. 249
8.5 Resolution of Action Items	p. 251
8.6 Communication of Special Findings/Sharing of Information	p. 253
8.7 Use of Hazard Evaluation Results over the Plant Lifetime	p. 254
9 Extensions and Special Applications	p. 257
9.1 Hazard Evaluation of Procedure-Based Operations	p. 257
9.2 Hazard Evaluation of Processes Controlled by Programmable Systems	p. 268
9.3 Hazard Evaluation of Chemical Reactivity Hazards	p. 272
9.4 Combinations of Tools	p. 274
9.5 Human Factors and Human Reliability Analysis	p. 276
9.6 Facility Siting	p. 288
Part II Worked Examples and Appendices
Preface to the Worked Examples	p. 297
Management Overview of the Worked Examples	p. 299
10 Introduction to the Worked Examples	p. 301
10.1 Purpose	p. 301
10.2 Instructional Strategy	p. 302
10.3 How to Use the Worked Examples	p. 303
11 Description of the Example Facility and Process	p. 305
11.1 Company and Facility Background	p. 305
11.2 Process Overview	p. 306
11.3 Description of the Process Lifetime	p. 306
12 Hazard Identification for the Example Process	p. 309
12.1 Analysis of Material Properties	p. 309
12.2 Review of Experience	p. 310
12.3 Interaction Matrix	p. 311
12.4 Hazard Evaluation Techniques Used for Hazard Identification	p. 312
12.5 Summary	p. 313
13 Research and Development - What-If Analysis	p. 315
14 Conceptual Design - Preliminary Hazard Analysis	p. 327
15 Pilot Plant Operation - HAZOP Study	p. 339
16 Detailed Engineering - Fault Tree and Event Tree Analysis	p. 365
17 Construction/Start-up - Checklist Analysis and Safety Review	p. 379
18 Routine Operation - Safety Review for Management of Change	p. 389
19 Routine Operation - HAZOP Study for Cyclic Review	p. 395
20 Plant Expansion - Relative Ranking and HAZOP for a Batch Process	p. 409
21 Incident Investigation - FMEA and HRA	p. 435
22 Decommissioning - What-If/Checklist Analysis	p. 451
Appendices
Appendix A Additional Checklists and Forms	p. 462
Appendix B Supplemental Questions for Hazard Identification	p. 477
Appendix C Symbols and Abbreviations for Example Problem Drawings	p. 519
Appendix D Software Aids	p. 521
Appendix E Chemical Compatibility Chart	p. 523
Appendix F Organizations Offering Process Safety Enhancement Resources	p. 529
Selected Bibliography	p. 535
Index	p. 537

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Table of Contents