Title:
Field sampling methods for remedial investigations
Personal Author:
Edition:
2nd ed.
Publication Information:
Boca Raton, FL ; London : CRC, 2009
Physical Description:
xxi, 322 p., [1] leaf of col. plates : ill. ; 25 cm.
ISBN:
9781420059083
Available:*
Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000010192492 | TD878 B97 2009 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
On Order
Summary
Summary
Originally published in 1994, the first edition of Field Sampling Methods for Remedial Investigations soon became a premier resource in the field. The "Princeton Groundwater" course designated it as one of the top books on the market that address strategies for groundwater well installation, well completion, and groundwater sampling. This long-awaited second edition continues the tradition of providing guidance on how to develop cost-effective and defensible environmental sampling programs to support site characterization, site remediation, and building decontamination and decommissioning in both chemical and radioactive environments.
The book provides guidance on how to:
Implement the US EPA's latest Data Quality Objective's procedure Prepare and maintain defensible field documentation Use quality control sampling, data verification, data validation, and data quality assessment to assure the data collected is of adequate quality and quantity for its intended use Properly decontaminate drilling and field sampling equipment Determine appropriate health and safety requirements Manage investigation-derived waste Properly prepare sample bottles for shipmentnbsp;
Author Notes
Byrnes, Mark Edward
Table of Contents
Preface | p. xi |
Acknowledgments | p. xiii |
About the Author | p. xv |
About the Contributors | p. xvii |
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations | p. xix |
Chapter 1 Introduction | p. 1 |
Chapter 2 Summary of Major Environmental Laws and Regulations | p. 3 |
2.1 Environmental Laws | p. 3 |
2.1.1 CERCLA, NCP, and SARA Compliance | p. 4 |
2.1.1.1 Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study Process | p. 5 |
2.1.1.2 CERCLA Five-Year Review | p. 10 |
2.1.2 RCRA Compliance | p. 11 |
2.1.2.1 Solid Waste | p. 12 |
2.1.2.2 Hazardous Waste | p. 12 |
2.1.3 TSCA Compliance | p. 19 |
2.1.4 NEPA Compliance | p. 20 |
2.1.5 CWA Compliance | p. 21 |
2.1.6 SDWA Compliance | p. 22 |
2.1.7 CAA Compliance | p. 23 |
2.2 Regulations Pertaining to Radionuclides | p. 24 |
Chapter 3 Designing a Defensible Sampling Program | p. 27 |
3.1 General Considerations When Designing a Sampling Program | p. 28 |
3.2 DQO Implementation Process | p. 29 |
3.2.1 Planning Meeting | p. 29 |
3.2.2 Scoping | p. 29 |
3.2.3 Regulatory Agency Interviews | p. 30 |
3.2.4 Global Issues Meeting | p. 31 |
3.2.5 Seven-Step DQO Process | p. 31 |
3.2.5.1 Step 1: State the Problem | p. 32 |
3.2.5.2 Step 2: Identify the Goals of the Study | p. 39 |
3.2.5.3 Step 3: Identify Information Inputs | p. 43 |
3.2.5.4 Step 4: Define the Boundaries of the Study | p. 47 |
3.2.5.5 Step 5: Develop the Analytic Approach | p. 51 |
3.2.5.6 Step 6: Specify Performance or Acceptance Criteria | p. 53 |
3.2.5.7 Step 7: Develop the Plan for Obtaining Data | p. 63 |
3.2.6 Preparing a DQO Summary Report | p. 85 |
3.2.7 Preparing a Sampling and Analysis Plan | p. 85 |
Chapter 4 Field Investigation Methods | p. 89 |
4.1 Nonintrusive Methods | p. 90 |
4.1.1 Aerial Photography | p. 90 |
4.1.2 Surface Geophysical Surveying | p. 91 |
4.1.2.1 Ground-Penetrating Radar | p. 92 |
4.1.2.2 Electromagnetic Induction | p. 93 |
4.1.2.3 Magnetics | p. 94 |
4.1.2.4 Electrical Resistivity | p. 95 |
4.1.2.5 Seismic Surveying | p. 97 |
4.1.2.6 Common Geophysical Techniques Used to Identify Unexploded Ordnance | p. 97 |
4.1.3 Airborne Gamma Spectrometry Radiological Surveys | p. 99 |
4.1.3.1 Instrumentation | p. 100 |
4.1.3.2 Flight Line Direction and Speed | p. 101 |
4.1.3.3 Flying Heights and Spacing | p. 101 |
4.1.4 Global Positioning Environmental Radiological Surveyor (GPERS-II) | p. 102 |
4.1.5 In Situ Gamma Spectroscopy | p. 102 |
4.1.6 Nonintrusive Building Characterization Methods | p. 104 |
4.1.6.1 RadScan 800 | p. 105 |
4.1.6.2 Laser-Assisted Ranging and Data System (LARADS) | p. 106 |
4.1.7 Ambient Air Sampling | p. 107 |
4.2 Intrusive Methods | p. 109 |
4.2.1 General Media Sampling | p. 111 |
4.2.1.1 Sample Types | p. 111 |
4.2.2 Soil Gas Surveying | p. 113 |
4.2.2.1 Field Screening Soil Gas Surveying Method | p. 115 |
4.2.2.2 Mobile Gas Chromatograph Soil Gas Surveying Method | p. 118 |
4.2.2.3 BESURE Soil Gas Surveying Method | p. 120 |
4.2.3 Downhole Screening Methods | p. 126 |
4.2.3.1 Ribbon NAPL Sampler | p. 126 |
4.2.3.2 Downhole Gross Gamma Logging | p. 127 |
4.2.3.3 Downhole HPGe Logging | p. 128 |
4.2.4 Soil Sampling | p. 128 |
4.2.4.1 Shallow Soil Sampling | p. 129 |
4.2.4.2 Deep Soil Sampling | p. 147 |
4.2.5 Sediment Sampling | p. 149 |
4.2.5.1 Stream, River, and Surface Water Drainage Sampling | p. 149 |
4.2.5.2 Pond, Lake, Retention Basin, and Tank Sampling | p. 164 |
4.2.6 Surface Water and Liquid Waste Sampling | p. 169 |
4.2.6.1 Stream, River, and Surface Water Drainage Sampling | p. 171 |
4.2.6.2 Pond, Lake, Retention Basin, and Tank Sampling | p. 183 |
4.2.7 Groundwater Sampling | p. 199 |
4.2.7.1 Direct Push Method | p. 202 |
4.2.7.2 Monitoring Wells | p. 205 |
4.2.7.3 Well Development | p. 213 |
4.2.7.4 Well Purging | p. 214 |
4.2.7.5 Well Sampling | p. 216 |
4.2.8 Drum and Waste Container Sampling | p. 232 |
4.2.8.1 Soil Sampling from Drums and Waste Containers | p. 232 |
4.2.8.2 Sludge Sampling from Waste Drums and Waste Containers | p. 233 |
4.2.8.3 Liquid Sampling from Waste Drums and Waste Containers | p. 235 |
4.2.9 Buildings Material Sampling | p. 237 |
4.2.9.1 Swipe Sampling | p. 237 |
4.2.9.2 Concrete Sampling | p. 239 |
4.2.9.3 Paint Sampling | p. 242 |
4.2.10 Pipe Surveying | p. 244 |
4.2.11 Remote Surveying | p. 249 |
4.2.11.1 ANDROS Mark V-A1 | p. 249 |
4.3 Defining Background Conditions | p. 250 |
Chapter 5 Sample Preparation, Documentation, and Shipment | p. 253 |
5.1 Sample Preparation | p. 253 |
5.2 Documentation | p. 254 |
5.2.1 Field Logbooks | p. 255 |
5.2.2 Photographic Logbook | p. 256 |
5.2.3 Field Sampling Forms | p. 257 |
5.2.4 Identification and Shipping Documentation | p. 257 |
5.2.5 Sample Labels | p. 257 |
5.2.6 Chain-of-Custody Forms and Seals | p. 265 |
5.2.7 Other Important Documentation | p. 267 |
Chapter 6 Quality Control Sampling | p. 269 |
Chapter 7 Data Verification and Validation | p. 271 |
7.1 Data Verification | p. 272 |
7.2 Data Validation | p. 273 |
Chapter 8 Data Quality Assessment | p. 277 |
8.1 DQA Step 1: Review the Project's Objectives and Sampling Design | p. 277 |
8.2 DQA Step 2: Conduct a Preliminary Data Review | p. 278 |
8.3 DQA Step 3: Select the Statistical Method | p. 279 |
8.4 DQA Step 4: Verify the Assumptions of the Statistical Method | p. 282 |
8.5 DQA Step 5: Draw Conclusions from the Data | p. 283 |
Chapter 9 Equipment Decontamination | p. 285 |
9.1 Chemical Decontamination Procedure | p. 285 |
9.1.1 Large Equipment Decontamination Procedure | p. 286 |
9.1.2 Sampling Equipment Decontamination Procedure | p. 286 |
9.1.2.1 Organic and Inorganic Decontamination Procedure (EPA 2002) | p. 286 |
9.2 Radiological Decontamination Procedure | p. 290 |
9.2.1 Tape Method | p. 290 |
9.2.2 Manual Method | p. 291 |
9.2.3 HEPA Vacuum Method | p. 291 |
9.2.4 High-Pressure-Wash Method | p. 292 |
Chapter 10 Health and Safety | p. 293 |
10.1 Training Requirements | p. 294 |
10.2 Medical Surveillance | p. 294 |
10.3 Hazard Overview | p. 296 |
10.4 Engineering Controls | p. 297 |
10.5 Air Monitoring | p. 297 |
10.6 Radiological Screening Instruments | p. 297 |
10.7 Site Control | p. 298 |
10.8 Personal Protective Equipment | p. 299 |
Chapter 11 Management of Investigation-Derived Waste | p. 303 |
Appendix | p. 305 |
Index | p. 311 |