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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000003490657 | G70.212 O24 2008 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Now in a fully revised and expanded second edition, this widely adopted text and practical reference addresses all aspects of developing and using geographic information systems (GIS) within an organization. Coverage includes the role of the GIS professional, how geographic information fits into broader management information systems, the use of GIS in strategic planning, and ways to navigate the organizational processes that support or inhibit the success of GIS implementation. All chapters retained from the prior edition have been thoroughly updated to reflect significant technological, empirical, and conceptual advances, as well as the changing contexts of GIS use. New chapters discuss organizational politics, metadata, legal issues, and GIS ethics.
Author Notes
Jeffrey K. Pinto is Professor of Management at Penn State Erie, The Behrend College.
Reviews 1
Choice Review
Obermeyer and Pinto address important concerns centered on the adoption and implementation of geographic information systems (GIS) within firms and agencies. The points made typically are not handled in other works, e.g., William E. Huxhold, An Introduction to Urban Geographic Information Systems (CH, Sep'91) or Jeffrey L. Star and J.E. Estes Geographic Information Systems: An Introduction (1990). Rather, the focus is on "theory," which here connotes a blend of issues relating aspects of organization and management structures and elements of GIS that make them different from ordinary management information systems (MIS) and may require modifications to how data and information generally are handled in work situations. The questions raised--and to a great extent answered, although with varying degrees of specificity--are crucial to success in bringing GIS into workplaces where this powerful set of tools can be used advantageously. Of particular interest to some likely readers are the financial justifications for adopting GIS technologies, issues discussed in very general terms in chapter 6. The book is an objective presentation; some added detail on experiences of GIS users would surely be helpful to decision makers. An excellent supplement to one of the above-named texts or to others identified by Obermeyer and Pinto as providing descriptions of GIS or its applications broader than the focus here on the operating contexts of actual environments. A minor problem: page numbers in the table of contents are not accurate, but a quick scan of the index does not indicate that those inconsistencies afflict its entries. Upper-division undergraduate; graduate; professional. C. E. Tiedemann; University of Illinois at Chicago
Table of Contents
| 1 The Continuing Need for a Management Focus in GIS | p. 1 |
| Purpose and Objectives | p. 3 |
| The Chapters | p. 4 |
| Conclusions | p. 8 |
| 2 Geographic Information Science: Evolution of a Profession | p. 10 |
| From GI Systems to GI Science | p. 10 |
| Professionalism in GIS | p. 11 |
| The Evidence | p. 15 |
| 3 The Role of Geographic Information within an Organization's IT | p. 20 |
| An Overview of Management | p. 22 |
| The Role of Information Systems | p. 24 |
| The Role of Information within an Organization's Operations | p. 25 |
| Information Needs across Organization Levels | p. 26 |
| Managerial Decision Making | p. 30 |
| Major Components of an IS | p. 35 |
| Geographic Information and IS | p. 37 |
| Conclusions | p. 39 |
| 4 Keeping the G in GIS: Why Geography Still Matters | p. 40 |
| Background | p. 41 |
| Analytical Examples | p. 43 |
| Maps and Their Appropriate Use | p. 55 |
| A Three-Point Approach to Responsible GIS Application | p. 57 |
| Conclusions | p. 59 |
| 5 GIS and the Strategic Planning Process | p. 61 |
| What Is Strategic Planning? | p. 62 |
| The Process of Strategic Planning | p. 67 |
| Analyzing the Competitive Situation: The Five-Forces Model | p. 73 |
| Conclusions | p. 80 |
| 6 Implementing a GIS: Theories and Practice | p. 81 |
| Definition of Implementation Success | p. 84 |
| Implementation Models | p. 93 |
| GIS Implementation Studies | p. 94 |
| Assessment of Implementation Success | p. 97 |
| Content and Process Models of Implementation | p. 101 |
| Implications for Implementation Research and Practice | p. 109 |
| Conclusions | p. 113 |
| 7 Organizational Politics and GIS Implementation | p. 114 |
| The Challenger Disaster | p. 115 |
| Xerox Alto | p. 116 |
| Airbus A-380 | p. 117 |
| Why Organizational Politics Matter | p. 117 |
| Politics and Public-Sector Information Technology | p. 120 |
| Political Impacts of IT and GIS | p. 121 |
| Do Public-Sector Differences Affect Implementation? | p. 126 |
| Bases for Organizational Politics: Six Propositions | p. 129 |
| Organizational Political Behavior: A Framework | p. 132 |
| Positive Political Behavior for Successful GIS | p. 138 |
| GIS Implementation and OPB: Two Illustrative Cases | p. 147 |
| Conclusions | p. 163 |
| 8 Economic Justification for GIS Implementation | p. 165 |
| An Introduction to Basic Benefit-Cost Analysis | p. 166 |
| Benefits and Costs in the Analysis | p. 167 |
| Refinements of Basic Benefit-Cost Analysis | p. 173 |
| Conclusions | p. 186 |
| 9 Sharing Geographic Information across Organizational Boundaries | p. 187 |
| Information-Sharing Alliances | p. 189 |
| A Theory of Information-Sharing Strategies | p. 190 |
| Antecedents and Consequences of Information Sharing | p. 192 |
| A Conceptual Framework | p. 196 |
| The Need for Information Sharing | p. 198 |
| Antecedents of Interorganizational Cooperation | p. 198 |
| Information Exchange | p. 205 |
| Consequences of Cross-Functional Cooperation | p. 206 |
| Motivations for Information Sharing: Research Findings | p. 207 |
| Conclusions | p. 222 |
| 10 Metadata for Geographic Information | p. 224 |
| What Metadata Are and Why They Are Needed | p. 224 |
| U.S. National Map Accuracy Standards: A Precursor to GIS Metadata | p. 226 |
| The Standardization of Metadata | p. 227 |
| Elements of FGDC Metadata | p. 229 |
| "Don't Duck the Metadata" | p. 236 |
| 11 Policy Conflicts and the Role of GIS: Public Participation and GIS | p. 237 |
| Cognitive versus Interest Conflict | p. 239 |
| A Model of Conflict | p. 242 |
| An Example of Conflict | p. 243 |
| A Hypothesis about GIS and Conflict | p. 246 |
| Public Participation GIS: Good News for a Democracy | p. 248 |
| Conclusions | p. 251 |
| 12 Ensuring the Qualifications of GIS Professionals | p. 253 |
| Background | p. 256 |
| Expertise as a Foundation for Certification and Accreditation | p. 257 |
| Certification and Licensure in Two Other Fields | p. 260 |
| Accreditation: A Brief Description | p. 264 |
| The GIS Certification Program | p. 265 |
| UCGIS Model Curriculum/Body of Knowledge | p. 269 |
| What to Do in the Meantime | p. 270 |
| Conclusions | p. 271 |
| 13 Legal Issues in GIS | p. 272 |
| An Overview of GIS Law | p. 272 |
| Liability | p. 273 |
| Public Access, Use, and Ownership of Data | p. 277 |
| Intellectual Property Rights | p. 281 |
| Copyright | p. 283 |
| Data Privacy | p. 285 |
| Evidentiary Admissibility of GIS Products | p. 290 |
| Conclusions | p. 293 |
| 14 Ethics for the GIS Professional | p. 294 |
| History of the GIS Ethics Movement | p. 295 |
| Ethics Defined | p. 297 |
| Ethics and Professional Obligations | p. 299 |
| GISCI Code of Ethics | p. 307 |
| Further Steps to Foster Ethics among GIS Professionals | p. 311 |
| Conclusions | p. 312 |
| 15 Envisioning a Future | p. 313 |
| References | p. 321 |
| Index | p. 347 |
| About the Authors | p. 360 |
