Heat and fluid flow in microscale and nanoscale structures

Title:

Series:

International series on developments in heat transfer ; 13

Publication Information:

Southampton : WIT, 2004

ISBN:

9781853128936

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000004604017	QC320 H425 2004	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

This research book gives a general introduction to gas turbine heat transfer topics and also specialises in topics such as external and internal blade cooling, combuster wall cooling, leading and trailing edge cooling and recuperators.

R.B. PetersonG. Chen and B. Yang and W. LiuS.T. Huxtable and A.R. Abramson and A. MajumdarW.P. King and K.E. GoodsonR. KumarC.-H. Fan and J.P. LongtinR. Sayegh and M. Faghri and Y. Asako and B. SundenV.P. CareyT. Ohara

Preface	p. xiii
Chapter 1 Miniature and microscale energy systems	p. 1
1 Introduction	p. 1
2 Overview	p. 2
2.1 Microscale energy systems	p. 4
2.2 Mesoscale energy systems	p. 5
3 Scaling	p. 12
3.1 Scaling methodology	p. 13
3.2 Common phenomena important in energy systems	p. 14
3.3 TEC example	p. 21
3.4 Heat engine example	p. 23
3.5 Other thermal systems	p. 24
4 Thermally based power systems	p. 26
4.1 A theoretical model for size limits	p. 27
4.2 Techniques for thermal management	p. 33
5 Future directions	p. 36
5.1 Conventional mesoscopic devices	p. 36
5.2 High ZT thermal electric conversion	p. 37
Chapter 2 Nanostructures for thermoelectric energy	p. 45
1 Introduction	p. 47
2 Thermoelectric effects and devices with bulk materials	p. 49
2.1 Thermoelectric cooling devices	p. 50
2.2 Thermoelectric power generation devices	p. 53
2.3 Thermoelectric transport properties	p. 53
3 Nanostructures for solid-state energy conversion	p. 57
3.1 Some recent experimental results on low-dimensional thermoelectrics	p. 59
3.2 General transport picture	p. 63
3.3 Coherent electron and phonon transport in nanostructures	p. 66
3.4 Incoherent electron and phonon transport in nanostructures	p. 73
3.5 Transport in the partially coherent regime	p. 80
4 Summary	p. 82
Chapter 3 Heat transport in superlattices and nanowires	p. 93
1 Introduction	p. 93
2 Superlattices	p. 94
3 Nanowires and nanotubes	p. 94
3.1 Nanowires	p. 95
3.2 Nanotubes	p. 96
4 Heat transport in bulk materials by phonons	p. 97
4.1 Phonon scattering	p. 100
5 Heat transport in low-dimensional structures	p. 104
5.1 Acoustic impedance mismatch at a single interface	p. 105
5.2 Phonon spectra mismatch	p. 106
5.3 Phonon tunneling	p. 107
5.4 Phonon wave interference and mini-bandgap formation	p. 107
5.5 Interface scattering	p. 110
6 Survey of previous work	p. 111
6.1 Superlattices	p. 112
6.2 Nanowires and nanotubes	p. 119
7 Summary	p. 122
Chapter 4 Thermomechanical formation and thermal detection of polymer nanostructures	p. 131
1 Introduction	p. 131
1.1 Motivation for AFM data storage	p. 132
1.2 Review of thermomechanical data storage	p. 134
1.3 Chapter overview	p. 137
2 Relaxation kinetics in nanostructured polymer films	p. 137
2.1 Fundamentals of mass transport in confined soft materials	p. 138
2.2 Measuring flow characteristics in thin, nanostructured polymer films	p. 140
3 Modeling and simulation of nanometer-scale thermomechanical data bit formation	p. 146
3.1 Thermal analysis of the cantilever tip and polymer layer	p. 148
3.2 Bit writing analysis	p. 151
4 Thermal data reading and topography mapping	p. 157
5 Summary and conclusions	p. 161
Chapter 5 Two-phase flow microstructures in thin geometries: multi-field modelling	p. 173
1 Introduction	p. 173
2 Global characteristics	p. 175
2.1 Flow patterns in thin channels	p. 175
2.2 Pressure drop and heat transfer	p. 178
2.3 Summary	p. 181
3 Local flow characteristics	p. 182
3.1 Ensemble averaging approach	p. 182
3.2 Multi-field modeling approach	p. 183
3.3 Governing equations	p. 184
3.4 Forces acting on a bubble in a narrow space	p. 185
3.5 Annular flow forces (cl-dv)	p. 192
3.6 Droplet models	p. 201
3.7 Flow regime transition modeling	p. 205
3.8 Heat transfer models	p. 209
3.9 Turbulence models	p. 212
3.10 Assessment of the multi-field model	p. 213
4 Summary	p. 216
Chapter 6 Radiative energy transport at the spatial and temporal micro/nanoscales	p. 225
1 Introduction	p. 225
2 Fundamentals	p. 227
2.1 Properties of electromagnetic radiation	p. 227
2.2 Sources of radiation in thermal engineering	p. 230
2.3 Radiation-matter interactions	p. 234
2.4 Characteristic length, time, and structure regimes for radiation-material interactions	p. 247
3 Applications	p. 251
3.1 Ultrafast laser materials processing	p. 251
3.2 Laser scanning microscopy for biological systems	p. 257
4 Future directions and concluding remarks	p. 265
Chapter 7 Direct simulation Monte Carlo of gaseous flow and heat transfer in a microchannel	p. 273
1 Introduction	p. 273
2 Description of the DSMC method	p. 276
2.1 Grids	p. 276
2.2 Molecular approximation	p. 276
2.3 Time step	p. 277
2.4 Molecular models	p. 277
2.5 Molecular movement	p. 277
2.6 Collisions between molecules	p. 279
2.7 Boundary interaction	p. 281
3 DSMC simulation of microchannel	p. 282
3.1 Computational methodology	p. 282
3.2 Description of the problem	p. 284
3.3 Methodology of calculating important parameters	p. 286
4 Results and discussion	p. 288
4.1 Numerical criteria	p. 288
4.2 Effects of cell size	p. 289
4.3 Pressure distribution	p. 289
4.4 Velocity profile	p. 292
4.5 Slip velocity	p. 292
4.6 Shear stress	p. 293
4.7 Friction coefficient	p. 293
4.8 Slip temperature	p. 298
4.9 Nusselt number	p. 299
5 Conclusions	p. 299
Chapter 8 DSMC modeling of near-interface transport in liquid-vapor phase-change processes with multiple microscale effects	p. 303
1 Introduction	p. 303
2 Phase equilibrium in microscale multiphase systems	p. 304
2.1 Ultra-small bubbles and droplets	p. 304
2.2 Ultra-thin liquid films	p. 306
3 Molecular transport at interfaces	p. 311
4 High Knudsen number and nonequilibrium effects	p. 318
5 Variation of interfacial tension with interface curvature	p. 320
6 Liquid phase and interfacial region effects	p. 320
7 DSMC modeling of combined effects during vaporization and condensation	p. 322
7.1 Post nucleation growth of microdroplets	p. 323
7.2 Other processes involving multiple microscale effects	p. 337
8 Concluding remarks	p. 343
Chapter 9 Molecular dynamics simulation of nanoscale heat and fluid flow	p. 349
1 Introduction	p. 349
2 Basic equations and finite difference scheme	p. 350
2.1 Basic equation for translational motion of molecules	p. 350
2.2 Finite difference scheme	p. 351
2.3 Rotational motion of polyatomic molecules	p. 352
2.4 Deformation of molecules and intramolecular vibration	p. 354
3 Intermolecular potential model	p. 354
3.1 Lennard-Jones potential model for spherical molecules	p. 355
3.2 Intermolecular potential model for a complex molecule: water	p. 357
4 Macroscopic properties	p. 359
4.1 Quantity of state	p. 359
4.2 Transport properties	p. 361
5 Boundary conditions and simulation system	p. 363
5.1 Initial condition	p. 363
5.2 Periodic boundary condition	p. 364
5.3 Nonequilibrium system with a velocity and/or temperature gradient	p. 366
5.4 Liquid-vapor coexistence system and determination of saturation curve	p. 367
5.5 Solid wall and solid-liquid interface	p. 368
6 MD application to heat and fluid flow	p. 369
7 Future development	p. 369

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