Title:
Fundamentals of momentum, heat and mass transfer
Personal Author:
Edition:
3rd ed.
Publication Information:
New York : John Wiley, 1984
ISBN:
9780471874973
Available:*
Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
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Searching... | 30000001718497 | TA357 W45 1984 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
Searching... | 30000000834816 | TA357 W45 1984 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
An integrated treatment of transfer processes including momentum transfer of fluid mechanics, energy/heat transfer, and mass transfer/diffusion. Designed for undergraduates taking transport phenomena or transfer and rate process courses. Changes in this edition include: material updates, the additon of problems in both number and variety, additional use of numerical analysis for problem-solving, and computer applications of subject matter.
Table of Contents
1. Concepts and Definitions | p. 1 |
1.1 Fluids and the Continuum | p. 1 |
1.2 Properties at a Point | p. 2 |
1.3 Point-to-Point Variation of Properties in a Fluid | p. 5 |
1.4 Units | p. 8 |
2. Fluid Statics | p. 12 |
2.1 Pressure Variation in a Static Fluid | p. 12 |
2.2 Uniform Rectilinear Acceleration | p. 15 |
2.3 Forces on Submerged Surfaces | p. 16 |
2.4 Buoyancy | p. 19 |
2.5 Closure | p. 21 |
3. Description of a Fluid in Motion | p. 27 |
3.1 Fundamental Physical Laws | p. 27 |
3.2 Fluid Flow Fields: Lagrangian and Eulerian Representations | p. 27 |
3.3 Steady and Unsteady Flows | p. 28 |
3.4 Streamlines | p. 29 |
3.5 Systems and Control Volumes | p. 30 |
4. Conservation of Mass: Control-Volume Approach | p. 32 |
4.1 Integral Relation | p. 32 |
4.2 Specific Forms of the Integral Expression | p. 33 |
4.3 Closure | p. 37 |
5. Newton's Second Law of Motion: Control-Volume Approach | p. 44 |
5.1 Integral Relation for Linear Momentum | p. 44 |
5.2 Applications of the Integral Expression for Linear Momentum | p. 47 |
5.3 Integral Relation for Moment of Momentum | p. 53 |
5.4 Applications to Pumps and Turbines | p. 55 |
5.5 Closure | p. 59 |
6. Conservation of Energy: Control-Volume Approach | p. 68 |
6.1 Integral Relation for the Conservation of Energy | p. 68 |
6.2 Applications of the Integral Expression | p. 74 |
6.3 The Bernoulli Equation | p. 77 |
6.4 Closure | p. 81 |
7. Shear Stress in Laminar Flow | p. 89 |
7.1 Newton's Viscosity Relation | p. 89 |
7.2 Non-Newtonian Fluids | p. 90 |
7.3 Viscosity | p. 91 |
7.4 Shear Stress in Multidimensional Laminar Flows of a Newtonian Fluid | p. 96 |
7.5 Closure | p. 98 |
8. Analysis of a Differential Fluid Element in Laminar Flow | p. 101 |
8.1 Fully Developed Laminar Flow in a Circular Conduit of Constant Cross Section | p. 101 |
8.2 Laminar Flow of a Newtonian Fluid Down an Inclined-Plane Surface | p. 104 |
8.3 Closure | p. 106 |
9. Differential Equations of Fluid Flow | p. 109 |
9.1 The Differential Continuity Equation | p. 109 |
9.2 Navier-Stokes Equations | p. 112 |
9.3 Bernoulli's Equation | p. 120 |
9.4 Closure | p. 121 |
10. Inviscid Fluid Flow | p. 124 |
10.1 Fluid Rotation at a Point | p. 124 |
10.2 The Stream Function | p. 125 |
10.3 Inviscid, Irrotational Flow about an Infinite Cylinder | p. 127 |
10.4 Irrotational Flow, the Velocity Potential | p. 128 |
10.5 Total Heat in Irrotational Flow | p. 129 |
10.6 Utilization of Potential Flow | p. 130 |
10.7 Potential Flow Analysis--Simple Plane Flow Cases | p. 131 |
10.8 Potential Flow Analysis--Superposition | p. 132 |
10.9 Closure | p. 134 |
11. Dimensional Analysis | p. 137 |
11.1 Dimensions | p. 137 |
11.2 Geometric and Kinematic Similarity | p. 138 |
11.3 Dimensional Analysis of the Navier-Stokes Equation | p. 138 |
11.4 The Buckingham Method | p. 140 |
11.5 Model Theory | p. 142 |
11.6 Closure | p. 144 |
12. Viscous Flow | p. 149 |
12.1 Reynolds' Experiment | p. 149 |
12.2 Drag | p. 150 |
12.3 The Boundary-Layer Concept | p. 153 |
12.4 The Boundary-Layer Equations | p. 155 |
12.5 Blasius' Solution for the Laminar Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate | p. 156 |
12.6 Flow with a Pressure Gradient | p. 160 |
12.7 von Karman Momentum Integral Analysis | p. 162 |
12.8 Closure | p. 166 |
13. The Effect of Turbulence on Momentum Transfer | p. 170 |
13.1 Description of Turbulence | p. 170 |
13.2 Turbulent Shearing Stresses | p. 171 |
13.3 The Mixing-Length Hypothesis | p. 173 |
13.4 Velocity Distribution from the Mixing-Length Theory | p. 174 |
13.5 The Universal Velocity Distribution | p. 176 |
13.6 Further Empirical Relations for Turbulent Flow | p. 177 |
13.7 The Turbulent Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate | p. 178 |
13.8 Factors Affecting the Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow | p. 180 |
13.9 Closure | p. 180 |
14. Flow in Closed Conduits | p. 183 |
14.1 Dimensional Analysis of Conduit Flow | p. 183 |
14.2 Friction Factors for Fully Developed Laminar, Turbulent, and Transition Flow in Circular Conduits | p. 185 |
14.3 Friction Factor and Head-Loss Determination for Pipe Flow | p. 188 |
14.4 Pipe-Flow Analysis | p. 191 |
14.5 Friction Factors for Flow in the Entrance to a Circular Conduit | p. 195 |
14.6 Closure | p. 198 |
15. Fundamentals of Heat Transfer | p. 201 |
15.1 Conduction | p. 201 |
15.2 Thermal Conductivity | p. 202 |
15.3 Convection | p. 208 |
15.4 Radiation | p. 209 |
15.5 Combined Mechanisms of Heat Transfer | p. 209 |
15.6 Closure | p. 214 |
16. Differential Equations of Heat Transfer | p. 219 |
16.1 The General Differential Equation for Energy Transfer | p. 219 |
16.2 Special Forms of the Differential Energy Equation | p. 222 |
16.3 Commonly Encountered Boundary Conditions | p. 223 |
16.4 Closure | p. 224 |
17. Steady-State Conduction | p. 226 |
17.1 One-Dimensional Conduction | p. 226 |
17.2 One-Dimensional Conduction with Internal Generation of Energy | p. 233 |
17.3 Heat Transfer from Extended Surfaces | p. 236 |
17.4 Two- and Three-Dimensional Systems | p. 243 |
17.5 Closure | p. 255 |
18. Unsteady-State Conduction | p. 263 |
18.1 Analytical Solutions | p. 263 |
18.2 Temperature-Time Charts for Simple Geometric Shapes | p. 272 |
18.3 Numerical Methods for Transient Conduction Analysis | p. 275 |
18.4 An Integral Method for One-Dimensional Unsteady Conduction | p. 278 |
18.5 Closure | p. 283 |
19. Convective Heat Transfer | p. 288 |
19.1 Fundamental Considerations in Convective Heat Transfer | p. 288 |
19.2 Significant Parameters in Convective Heat Transfer | p. 289 |
19.3 Dimensional Analysis of Convective Energy Transfer | p. 290 |
19.4 Exact Analysis of the Laminar Boundary Layer | p. 293 |
19.5 Approximate Integral Analysis of the Thermal Boundary Layer | p. 297 |
19.6 Energy- and Momentum-Transfer Analogies | p. 299 |
19.7 Turbulent Flow Considerations | p. 301 |
19.8 Closure | p. 307 |
20. Convective Heat-Transfer Correlations | p. 312 |
20.1 Natural Convection | p. 312 |
20.2 Forced Convection for Internal Flow | p. 320 |
20.3 Forced Convection for External Flow | p. 326 |
20.4 Closure | p. 333 |
21. Boiling and Condensation | p. 340 |
21.1 Boiling | p. 340 |
21.2 Condensation | p. 345 |
21.3 Closure | p. 351 |
22. Heat-Transfer Equipment | p. 354 |
22.1 Types of Heat Exchangers | p. 354 |
22.2 Single-Pass Heat-Exchanger Analysis: The Log-Mean Temperature Difference | p. 357 |
22.3 Crossflow and Shell-and-Tube Heat-Exchanger Analysis | p. 361 |
22.4 The Number-of-Transfer-Units (NTU) Method of Heat-Exchanger Analysis and Design | p. 365 |
22.5 Additional Considerations in Heat-Exchanger Design | p. 373 |
22.6 Closure | p. 375 |
23. Radiation Heat Transfer | p. 379 |
23.1 Nature of Radiation | p. 379 |
23.2 Thermal Radiation | p. 380 |
23.3 The Intensity of Radiation | p. 382 |
23.4 Planck's Law of Radiation | p. 383 |
23.5 Stefan-Boltzmann Law | p. 388 |
23.6 Emissivity and Absorptivity of Solid Surfaces | p. 388 |
23.7 Radiant Heat Transfer Between Black Bodies | p. 394 |
23.8 Radiant Exchange in Black Enclosures | p. 400 |
23.9 Radiant Exchange in Reradiating Surfaces Present | p. 401 |
23.10 Radiant Heat Transfer Between Gray Surfaces | p. 402 |
23.11 Radiation from Gases | p. 410 |
23.12 The Radiation Heat-Transfer Coefficient | p. 414 |
23.13 Closure | p. 414 |
24. Fundamentals of Mass Transfer | p. 421 |
24.1 Molecular Mass Transfer | p. 421 |
24.2 The Diffusion Coefficient | p. 431 |
24.3 Convective Mass Transfer | p. 450 |
24.4 Closure | p. 451 |
25. Differential Equations of Mass Transfer | p. 457 |
25.1 The Differential Equation for Mass Transfer | p. 457 |
25.2 Special Forms of the Differential Mass-Transfer Equation | p. 460 |
25.3 Commonly Encountered Boundary Conditions | p. 462 |
25.4 Steps for Modeling Processes Involving Molecular Diffusion | p. 465 |
25.5 Closure | p. 472 |
26. Steady-State Molecular Diffusion | p. 479 |
26.1 One-Dimensional Mass Transfer Independent of Chemical Reaction | p. 479 |
26.2 One-Dimensional Systems Associated with Chemical Reaction | p. 491 |
26.3 Two- and Three-Dimensional Systems | p. 503 |
26.4 Simultaneous Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer | p. 506 |
26.5 Closure | p. 516 |
27. Unsteady-State Molecular Diffusion | p. 527 |
27.1 Unsteady-State Diffusion and Fick's Second Law | p. 527 |
27.2 Transient Diffusion in a Semi-Infinite Medium | p. 529 |
27.3 Transient Diffusion in a Finite-Dimensional Medium Under Conditions of Negligible Surface Resistance | p. 531 |
27.4 Concentration-Time Charts for Simple Geometric Shapes | p. 541 |
27.5 Closure | p. 544 |
28. Convective Mass Transfer | p. 550 |
28.1 Fundamental Considerations in Convective Mass Transfer | p. 550 |
28.2 Significant Parameters in Convective Mass Transfer | p. 552 |
28.3 Dimensional Analysis of Convective Mass Transfer | p. 554 |
28.4 Exact Analysis of the Laminar Concentration Boundary Layer | p. 557 |
28.5 Approximate Analysis of the Concentration Boundary Layer | p. 564 |
28.6 Mass, Energy, and Momentum-Transfer Analogies | p. 567 |
28.7 Models for Convective Mass-Transfer Coefficients | p. 576 |
28.8 Closure | p. 579 |
29. Convective Mass Transfer Between Phases | p. 586 |
29.1 Equilibrium | p. 586 |
29.2 Two-Resistance Theory | p. 589 |
29.3 Closure | p. 599 |
30. Convective Mass-Transfer Correlations | p. 605 |
30.1 Mass Transfer to Plates, Spheres, and Cylinders | p. 605 |
30.2 Mass Transfer Involving Flow Through Pipes | p. 616 |
30.3 Mass Transfer in Wetted-Wall Columns | p. 617 |
30.4 Mass Transfer in Packed and Fluidized Beds | p. 621 |
30.5 Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer in Stirred Tanks | p. 622 |
30.6 Capacity Coefficients for Packed Towers | p. 624 |
30.7 Steps for Modeling Mass-Transfer Processes Involving Convection | p. 625 |
30.8 Closure | p. 633 |
31. Mass-Transfer Equipment | p. 645 |
31.1 Types of Mass-Transfer Equipment | p. 645 |
31.2 Gas-Liquid Mass-Transfer Operations in Well-Mixed Tanks | p. 648 |
31.3 Mass Balances for Continuous Contact Towers: Operating-Line Equations | p. 653 |
31.4 Enthalpy Balances for Continuous-Contact Towers | p. 663 |
31.5 Mass-Transfer Capacity Coefficients | p. 664 |
31.6 Continuous-Contact Equipment Analysis | p. 665 |
31.7 Closure | p. 680 |
Nomenclature | p. 687 |
Appendixes | |
A. Transformations of the Operators [down triangle, open] and [down triangle, open superscript 2] to Cylindrical Coordinates | p. 695 |
B. Summary of Differential Vector Operations in Various Coordinate Systems | p. 698 |
C. Symmetry of the Stress Tensor | p. 701 |
D. The Viscous Contribution to the Normal Stress | p. 702 |
E. The Navier-Stokes Equations for Constant [rho] and [mu] in Cartesian, Cylindrical, and Spherical Coordinates | p. 704 |
F. Charts for Solution of Unsteady Transport Problems | p. 706 |
G. Properties of the Standard Atmosphere | p. 719 |
H. Physical Properties of Solids | p. 722 |
I. Physical Properties of Gases and Liquids | p. 725 |
J. Mass-Transfer Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Systems | p. 738 |
K. Lennard-Jones Constants | p. 741 |
L. The Error Function | p. 744 |
M. Standard Pipe Sizes | p. 745 |
N. Standard Tubing Gages | p. 747 |
Author Index | p. 751 |
Subject Index | p. 753 |