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Searching... | 35000000001232 | T174.7 R35 2014 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
Searching... | 30000010334763 | T174.7 R35 2014 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Applied Nanotechnology takes an integrated approach to the scientific, commercial and social aspects of nanotechnology, exploring:
The relationship between nanotechnology and innovation The changing economics and business models required to commercialize innovations in nanotechnology Product design case studies Applications in various sectors, including information technology, composite materials, energy, and agriculture The role of government in promoting nanotechnology The potential future of molecular self-assembly in industrial productionIn this 2e, new chapters have been added on energy applications and the role of nanotechnology in sustainability. The section on the safety of nanoproducts has also been updated, and material on funding and commercialization has been updated and expanded, with new case studies illustrating the experience of new startups in a challenging economic environment.
Author Notes
Professor Jeremy Ramsden graduated (Natural Sciences) from Cambridge University and obtained his doctorate from the cole Polytechnique Fdrate in Lausanne. He was appointed as Professor of Nanotechnology at Cranfield University in 2002, becoming additionally Director of Research at Cranfield University's Kitakyushu Campus from 2003-2009. He has been Honorary Professor of Nanotechnology at the University of Buckingham since 2012. He is Editor-in-Chief of the journal Nanotechnology Perceptions, a IUPAC Fellow, and a Fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining in London.
Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition | p. xiii |
Preface to the First Edition | p. xv |
Part I Technology Basics | |
Chapter 1 What is Nanotechnology? | p. 3 |
1.1 Nanotechnology as Process | p. 4 |
1.2 Nanotechnology as Materials | p. 7 |
1.3 Nanotechnology as Materials, Devices, and Systems | p. 8 |
1.4 Direct, Indirect, and Conceptual Nanotechnology | p. 9 |
1.5 Nanobiotechnology and Bionanotechnology | p. 9 |
1.6 Nanotechnology-Toward a Definition | p. 10 |
1.7 The Nanoscale | p. 10 |
1.8 Nanoscience | p. 11 |
References and Notes | p. 11 |
Further Reading | p. 12 |
Chapter 2 Science, Technology, and Wealth | p. 13 |
2.1 Nanotechnology is Different | p. 17 |
2.2 The Evolution of Technology | p. 18 |
2.3 The Nature of Wealth and Value | p. 20 |
2.4 The Social Value of Science | p. 21 |
References and Notes | p. 23 |
Further Reading | p. 24 |
Chapter 3 Innovation | p. 25 |
3.1 The Time Course of Innovation | p. 27 |
3.2 Creative Destruction | p. 29 |
3.3 What Drives Development? | p. 32 |
3.4 Can Innovation be Managed? | p. 33 |
3.5 The Effect of Maturity | p. 34 |
3.6 Interaction with Society | p. 34 |
References and Notes | p. 35 |
Further Reading | p. 38 |
Chapter 4 Why Nanotechnology? | p. 39 |
4.1 Miniaturization of Manufacturing Systems | p. 41 |
4.2 Fabrication | p. 42 |
4.3 Performance | p. 43 |
4.4 Agile Manufacturing | p. 44 |
References and Notes | p. 45 |
Further Reading | p. 46 |
Part II Nanotechnology Products | |
Chapter 5 The Nanotechnology Business | p. 49 |
5.1 Nanotechnology Statistics | p. 49 |
5.2 The Total Market | p. 50 |
5.3 The Current Situation | p. 52 |
5.4 Types of Nanotechnology Products | p. 54 |
5.5 Consumer Products | p. 55 |
5.6 The Safety of Nanoproducts | p. 57 |
References and Notes | p. 59 |
Further Reading | p. 60 |
Chapter 6 Miscellaneous Applications | p. 61 |
6.1 Noncarbon Materials | p. 62 |
6.2 Carbon-Based Materials | p. 63 |
6.3 Ultraprecision Engineering | p. 65 |
6.4 Aerospace and Automotive Industries | p. 66 |
6.5 Architecture and Construction | p. 66 |
6.6 Catalysis | p. 67 |
6.7 Environment | p. 67 |
6.8 Food | p. 69 |
6.9 Lubricants | p. 74 |
6.10 Metrology-Instrumentation | p. 75 |
6.11 Minerals and Metal Extraction | p. 75 |
6.12 Paper | p. 76 |
6.13 Security | p. 77 |
6.14 Textiles | p. 77 |
References and Notes | p. 79 |
Further Reading | p. 81 |
Chapter 7 Energy | p. 83 |
7.1 Energy Harvesting | p. 84 |
7.2 Production and Storage | p. 84 |
7.3 Energy Efficiency | p. 91 |
7.4 Localized Manufacture | p. 94 |
References and Notes | p. 94 |
Chapter 8 Information Technologies | p. 97 |
8.1 Silicon Microelectronics | p. 98 |
8.2 Heat Management | p. 98 |
8.3 Data Storage Technologies | p. 99 |
8.4 Display Technologies | p. 100 |
8.5 Molecule or Particle Sensing Technologies | p. 100 |
References and Notes | p. 100 |
Chapter 9 Health | p. 103 |
9.1 Current Activity | p. 104 |
9.2 Longer-Term Trends | p. 107 |
9.3 Implanted Devices | p. 107 |
9.4 Paramedicine | p. 109 |
References and Notes | p. 109 |
Further Reading | p. 110 |
Part III Organizing Nanotechnology Business | |
Chapter 10 The Business Environment | p. 113 |
10.1 The Universality of Nanotechnology | p. 113 |
10.2 The Radical Nature of Nanotechnology | p. 116 |
10.3 Intellectual Needs | p. 117 |
10.4 Company-University Collaboration | p. 119 |
10.5 Clusters | p. 120 |
10.6 Assessing Demand for Nanotechnology | p. 120 |
10.7 Technical and Commercial Readiness (Availability) Levels | p. 123 |
10.8 Predicting Development Timescales | p. 125 |
10.9 Nanometrology | p. 127 |
10.10 Standardization of Nanotechnology | p. 129 |
10.11 Patents | p. 130 |
References and Notes | p. 132 |
Further Reading | p. 134 |
Chapter 11 The Fiscal Environment of Nanotechnology | p. 137 |
11.1 Sources of Funds | p. 137 |
11.2 Government Funding | p. 141 |
11.3 Endogenous Funding | p. 145 |
11.4 Geographical Differences between Nanotechnology Funding | p. 148 |
References and Notes | p. 150 |
Further Reading | p. 151 |
Chapter 12 Regulation | p. 153 |
References and Notes | p. 156 |
Further Reading | p. 157 |
Chapter 13 Some Successful and Unsuccessful Nanotechnology Companies | p. 159 |
13.1 NanoMagnetics | p. 161 |
13.2 MesoPhotonics | p. 162 |
13.3 Enact Pharma | p. 163 |
13.4 Oxonica | p. 163 |
13.5 NanoCo | p. 164 |
13.6 Hyperion | p. 164 |
13.7 CDT | p. 165 |
13.8 Q-Flo | p. 166 |
13.9 Owlstone | p. 166 |
13.10 Generic Business Models | p. 167 |
References and Notes | p. 168 |
Chapter 14 The Geography of Nanotechnology | p. 169 |
14.1 Locating Research Partners | p. 171 |
14.2 Locating Supply Partners | p. 173 |
14.3 Categories of Countries | p. 173 |
References and Notes | p. 175 |
Further Reading | p. 176 |
Chapter 15 Design of Nanotechnology Products | p. 177 |
15.1 The Challenge of Vastification | p. 177 |
15.2 Enhancing Traditional Design Routes | p. 178 |
15.3 Crowdsourcing [7] | p. 179 |
15.4 Materials Selection | p. 180 |
References and Notes | p. 180 |
Further Reading | p. 181 |
Part IV Wider and Longer-Term Issues | |
Chapter 16 The Future of Nanotechnology | p. 185 |
16.1 Productive Nanosystems | p. 186 |
16.2 Self-Assembly | p. 190 |
16.3 Molecular Electronics | p. 191 |
16.4 Quantum Computing | p. 192 |
References and Notes | p. 192 |
Further Reading | p. 193 |
Chapter 17 Society's Grand Challenges | p. 195 |
17.1 Material Crises | p. 195 |
17.2 Social Crises | p. 198 |
17.3 Is Science Itself in Crisis? | p. 198 |
17.4 Nanotechnology-Specific Challenges | p. 199 |
17.5 Globalization | p. 199 |
17.6 An Integrated Approach | p. 200 |
References and Notes | p. 201 |
Chapter 18 Ethics and Nanotechnology | p. 203 |
18.1 Risk, Hazard, and Uncertainty | p. 204 |
18.2 A Rational Basis for Safety Measures | p. 205 |
18.3 Should We Proceed? | p. 206 |
18.4 What about Nanoethics? | p. 207 |
References and Notes | p. 208 |
Further Reading | p. 209 |
Epilog | p. 211 |
Index | p. 213 |