Power system relaying

The previous two editions of Power System Relaying offer comprehensive and accessible coverage of the theory and fundamentals of relaying and have been widely adopted on university and industry courses worldwide. With the third edition, the authors have added new and detailed descriptions of power system phenomena such as stability, system-wide protection concepts and discussion of historic outages. Power System Relaying , 3rd Edition continues its role as an outstanding textbook on power system protection for senior and graduate students in the field of electric power engineering and a reference book for practising relay engineers. Provides the student with an understanding of power system protection principles and an insight into the phenomena involved. Discusses in detail the emerging technologies of adaptive relaying, hidden failures, wide area measurement, global positioning satellites and the specific application of digital devices. Includes relay designs such as electromechanical, solid-state and digital relays to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of each. Re-examines traditional equipment protection practices to include new concepts such as transmission line differential protection, load encroachment on distance relay characteristics, distributed generation systems, and techniques to improve protection system response to power system events. Analyzes system performance through oscillographs and alarms schemes. Features problems to be worked through at the end of each chapter.

Reviews 1

Choice Review

Horowitz and Phadke, well known and recognized for their work in power system protection, have written a comprehensive and up-to-date work that deals with all major aspects and types of protection systems. The first three chapters provide an overview of protective relaying; relays their types, design, and operating principles and characteristics; and instrument transformers. Protection of major components of a power system are taken up in the next six chapters. Included are protection of transmission lines, rotating machinery, transformers, busbars, reactors, and capacitors. Each major device protection is discussed in a separate chapter. The tenth chapter covers such aspects of protection related to breaker failure, stability, load shedding, and computer setting of relays. Worked examples, illustrated with circuit and other diagrams, are provided to demonstrate the use of theory to solve practical problems. The book compares favorably with many modern works on protective relaying. End-of-chapter problems and references are provided. Unfortunately, the small print and small-sized diagrams present an unattractive cluttered appearance that hampers easy reading. Graduate through professional. K. K. Surti; University of New Haven

Preface

Preface to the second edition

Preface to the first edition

1 Introduction to protective relaying

1.1 What is relaying?

1.2 Power system structural considerations

1.3 Power system bus configurations

1.4 The nature of relaying

1.5 Elements of a protection system

1.6 International practices

1.7 Summary

Problems

References

2 Relay operating principles

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Detection of faults

2.3 Relay designs

2.4 Electromechanical relays

2.5 Solid-state relays

2.6 Computer relays

2.7 Other relay design considerations

2.8 Control circuits, a beginning

2.9 Summary

Problems

References

3 Current and voltage transformers

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Steady-state performance of current transformers

3.3 Transient performance of current transformers

3.4 Special connections of current transformers

3.5 Linear couplers and electronic current transformers

3.6 Voltage transformers

3.7 Coupling capacitor voltage transformers

3.8 Transient performance of CCVTs

3.9 Electronic voltage transformers

3.10 Summary

Problems

References

4 Nonpilot overcurrent protection of transmission lines

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Fuses, sectionalizers, reclosers

4.3 Inverse, time-delay overcurrent relays

4.4 Instantaneous overcurrent relays

4.5 Directional overcurrent relays

4.6 Polarizing

4.7 Summary

Problems

References

5 Nonpilot distance protection of transmission lines

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Stepped distance protection

5.3 R-X diagram

5.4 Three-phase distance relays

5.5 Distance relay types

5.6 Relay operation with zero voltage

5.7 Polyphase relays

5.8 Relays for multi-terminal lines

5.9 Protection of parallel lines

5.10 Effect of transmission line compensation devices

5.11 Loadability of relays

5.12 Summary

Problems

References

6 Pilot protection of transmission lines

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Communication channels

6.3 Tripping versus blocking

6.4 Directional comparison blocking

6.5 Directional comparison unblocking

6.6 Underreaching transfer trip

6.7 Permissive overreaching transfer trip

6.8 Permissive underreaching transfer trip

6.9 Phase comparison relaying

6.10 Current differential

6.11 Pilot wire relaying

6.12 Multi-terminal lines

6.13 Summary

Problems

References

7 Rotating machinery protection

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Stator faults

7.3 Rotor faults

7.4 Unbalanced currents

7.5 Overload

7.6 Overspeed

7.7 Abnormal voltages and frequencies

7.8 Loss of excitation

7.9 Loss of synchronism

7.10 Power plant auxiliary system

7.11 Winding connections

7.12 Startup and motoring

7.13 Inadvertent energization

7.14 Torsional vibration

7.15 Sequential tripping

7.16 Summary

Problems

References

8 Transformer protection

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Overcurrent protection

8.3 Percentage differential protection

8.4 Causes of false differential currents

8.5 Supervised differential relays

8.6 Three-phase transformer protection

8.7 Volts-per-hertz protection

8.8 Nonelectrical protection

8.9 Protection systems for transformers

8.10 Summary

Problems

References

9 Bus, reactor and capacitor protection

9.1 Introduction to bus protection

9.2 Overcurrent relays

9.3 Percentage differential relays

9.4 High-impedance voltage relays

9.5 Moderately high impedance relay

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Summary

Summary

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Table of Contents