Advanced electromagnetic analysis of passive and active planar structures

Historically, electromagnetics and complex circuit modelling existed as separate disciplines, each with their own tools, models and even languages. More recently, however, the emergence of very high-speed digital circuits and pressure on the telecommunications market to move towards microwave and millimetre wave bands are increasing the need to find ways to combine the two fields.

The consumer market demands low cost mass production devices operating at higher frequencies where the finite dimensions of the circuits with respect to wavelength can no longer be ignored. Similarly, integrated planar microwave circuits pose new modelling challenges, as neither conductors nor dielectrics can be considered as ideal at these frequencies and, consequently, most techniques and formulas developed over the past twenty years for dealing with ideal thin conductors no longer model the physical reality.

These challenges are the main subject of this book which investigates analytical techniques encompassing the linear modelling of passive and active - in particular FET - structures. This timely book was primarily conceived as a bridge between the mathematical abilities of the pure EM theorist and those of the FET circuit modeller. However the resulting text will be of equal benefit to researchers in microwave and millimetric components and as a textbook for specialised courses.

igates analytical techniques encompassing the linear modelling of passive and active - in particular FET - structures. This timely book was primarily conceived as a bridge between the mathematical abilities of the pure EM theorist and those of the FET circuit modeller. However the resulting text will be of equal benefit to researchers in microwave and millimetric components and as a textbook for specialised courses.igates analytical techniques encompassing the linear modelling of passive and active - in particular FET - structures. This timely book was primarily conceived as a bridge between the mathematical abilities of the pure EM theorist and those of the FET circuit modeller. However the resulting text will be of equal benefit to researchers in microwave and millimetric components and as a textbook for specialised courses.igates analytical techniques encompassing the linear modelling of passive and active - in particular FET - structures. This timely book was primarily conceived as a bridge between the mathematical abilities of the pure EM theorist and those of the FET circuit modeller. However the resulting text will be of equal benefit to researchers in microwave and millimetric components and as a textbook for specialised courses.

Author Notes

Marco Farina is Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Control, University of Ancona, Italy.

Preface	p. vii
1 Introduction	p. 1
1.1 How to read this book	p. 3
1.2 FET historical background	p. 4
1.3 Solid state distributed amplifiers	p. 5
1.4 Microwave FET families and working principles	p. 11
1.5 References	p. 20
2 Fundamentals of electromagnetics	p. 23
2.1 Lorentz reciprocity theorem	p. 24
2.2 Generalised telegrapher's vector equations	p. 26
2.3 Waveguide modes and modal properties	p. 29
2.4 Modal expansion for the generalised telegrapher's vector equations: Dyadic Green function for closed waveguide	p. 34
2.5 Source regions and kernel singularity of the dyadic Green function	p. 43
2.6 Dyadic Green function for boxed dielectric multilayer	p. 47
2.7 Scalar Green function: homogeneous medium	p. 49
2.8 Scalar Green function: piece-wise homogeneous medium	p. 53
2.9 Lossy media: building of the dyadic Green function	p. 58
2.10 Vector potentials	p. 59
2.11 Transverse resonance	p. 66
2.12 Vector Green functions linking electric and magnetic fields in piece-wise homogeneous media	p. 68
2.13 References	p. 73
3 Propagation in closed waveguides	p. 75
3.1 General constraints on the propagation of guided modes in uniform closed waveguides	p. 76
3.2 Properties of complex waves in lossless, reciprocal waveguides	p. 83
3.3 About propagation in lossless passive planar structures	p. 89
3.4 Propagation in lossy planar structures	p. 95
3.5 Propagation in active planar structures	p. 104
3.6 References	p. 113
4 Ideal planar waveguides on multilayered substrate: 2D analysis	p. 117
4.1 The Transverse Resonance Diffraction (TRD) approach	p. 118
4.2 On the solution of integral equations	p. 121
4.3 Solution of the TRD integral equation	p. 125
4.4 The spectral domain approach	p. 138
4.5 A fin-line example	p. 147
4.6 The explicit eigenvalue approach	p. 151
4.7 Some more properties of complex modes	p. 157
4.8 References	p. 162
5 Passive and active planar waveguides on multilayered substrate: 2D analysis	p. 165
5.1 Overview: some approaches for the modelling of lossy planar structures	p. 166
5.2 Generalised TRD method	p. 172
5.3 Boundary and edge conditions for lossy conductors	p. 187
5.4 Generalised TRD: inclusion of small-signal active effects	p. 196
5.5 References	p. 206
6 Passive and active planar waveguides on multilayered substrate: 3D analysis	p. 210
6.1 Overview: some approaches to 3D analysis	p. 211
6.2 Modelling discontinuities of lossy planar lines: the G-TRD approach in three dimensions	p. 222
6.3 About the network modelling of the active devices	p. 227
6.4 References	p. 236
Appendix I	p. 239
A1pendix II	p. 240
Appendix III	p. 242
Appendix IV	p. 244
Appendix V	p. 246
Index	p. 250

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