The design of impedance-matching networks for radio-frequency and microwave amplifiers

Title:

Personal Author:

Abrie, Pieter L. D.

Publication Information:

Dedham : Artech House, 1985

ISBN:

9780890061725

Subject Term:

Impedance matching

Radio frequency -- Law and legislation

Microwave amplifiers

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000001067978	TK6553.A27 1985	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

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Chapter 1 Network Characterization and Analysis with Y-, Z-, T- and S-parameters	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 Y-Parameters	p. 1
1.3 The Indefinite Admittance Matrix	p. 5
1.4 Z-Parameters	p. 6
1.5 T-Parameters	p. 8
1.6 Scattering Parameters	p. 9
1.6.1 S-Parameter Definitions	p. 9
1.6.2 The Physical Meanings of the Normalized Incident and Reflected Components of an N-Port	p. 15
1.6.3 The Physical Interpretations of the Scattering Parameters	p. 17
1.6.4 Constraints Imposed on the Normalized Components by the Terminations of an N-Port	p. 19
1.6.5 Derivation of Expressions for the Gain Ratios and Reflection Parameters of a Two-Port	p. 21
1.6.6 Conversion of S-Parameters to Others Parameters	p. 24
1.6.7 The Indefinite S-Matrix	p. 24
1.6.8 Extension of the Single-Frequency S-Parameter Definitions to the Complex Frequency Plane	p. 26
1.6.9 Constraints on the Scattering Matrix of a Lossless N-Port	p. 29
Questions and Problems	p. 33
References and Additional Reading	p. 36
Chapter 2 Radio-Frequency Components	p. 37
2.1 Introduction	p. 37
2.2 Capacitors	p. 37
2.3 Inductors	p. 40
2.3.1 The Influence of Parasitic Capacitance on an Inductor	p. 41
2.3.2 Low-Frequency Losses in Inductors	p. 43
2.3.3 The Skin Effect	p. 44
2.3.4 The Proximity Effect	p. 46
2.3.5 Magnetic Materials	p. 47
2.3.6 The Design of Air-Cored Single-Layer Solenoidal Coils	p. 51
2.3.7 The Design of Inductors with Magnetic Cores	p. 56
2.4 Transmission Lines	p. 59
2.4.1 Coaxial Cables	p. 60
2.4.2 Microstrip Lines	p. 61
2.4.3 Twisted-Pair Transmission Lines	p. 65
Questions and Problems	p. 65
References and Additional Reading	p. 67
Chapter 3 Narrowband Impedance-Matching with LC Networks	p. 69
3.1 Introduction	p. 69
3.2 Parallel Resonance	p. 70
3.3 Series Resonance	p. 74
3.4 L-Sections	p. 76
3.5 II-and T-sections	p. 81
3.5.1 The II-Section	p. 82
3.5.2 The T-Section	p. 86
3.6 The Design of II- and T-Sections when the Terminations are Complex	p. 87
3.7 Four-Element Matching Networks	p. 89
3.8 Calculation of the Insertion Loss of LC Matching Networks	p. 90
3.9 Calculation of the Bandwidth of Cascaded LC Matching Networks	p. 92
Questions and Problems	p. 93
Chapter 4 Coupled Coils and Transformers	p. 95
4.1 Introduction	p. 95
4.2 The Ideal Transformer	p. 95
4.3 Equivalent Circuits for the Practical Transformer	p. 97
4.4 Wideband Impedance Matching with Transformers	p. 100
4.5 The Single-Tuned Transformer	p. 102
4.6 The Tapped Coil	p. 103
4.7 The Parallel Double-Tuned Transformer	p. 109
4.8 The Series Double-Tuned Transformer	p. 115
4.9 Measurement of the Coupling Factor	p. 118
4.9.1 Measurement of the Coupling Factor by Short-Circuiting the Secondary Winding of the Transformer	p. 118
4.9.2 Measurement of the Coupling Factor by Measuring the Open-Circuited Voltage Gain of the Transformer	p. 119
4.9.3 Measurement of the Coupling Factor by Measuring the S-Parameters of the Transformer	p. 119
Questions and Problems	p. 120
References	p. 123
Chapter 5 Transmission-Line Transformers	p. 125
5.1 Introduction	p. 125
5.2 Transmission-Line Transformer Configurations	p. 127
5.3 The Analysis of Transmission-Line Transformers	p. 135
5.4 The Design of Transmission-Line Transformers	p. 142
5.4.1 Determining the Optimum Characteristic Impedance and Diameter of the Transmission Line to be Used	p. 143
5.4.2 Determining the Minimum Value of The Magnetizing Inductance of the Transformer at the Lowest Frequency in the Pass Band	p. 144
5.4.3 Determining the Type and Size of the Magnetic Core to the Used	p. 147
5.4.4 Compensation of Transmission-Line Transformers for Non-Optimum Characteristic Impedances	p. 149
5.4.5 The Design of Low-Pass LC Networks to Extend the Bandwidth of a Transmission-Line Transformer	p. 154
Questions and Problems	p. 158
References and Additional Reading	p. 160
Chapter 6 Wideband LC and RLC Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 161
6.1 Introduction	p. 161
6.2 Determining an Impedance Function for a Set of Impedance versus Frequency Coordinates	p. 162
6.3 The Analytical Approach to Impedance Matching	p. 170
6.3.1 Darlington Synthesis of Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 172
6.3.2 LC Transformers	p. 177
6.3.3 The Gain-Bandwidth Constraints Imposed by a Parallel RC and Series Load	p. 180
6.3.4 The Direct Synthesis of Impedance Matching-Networks when the Load (or Source) Is Reactive	p. 182
6.3.5 Synthesis of Networks for Matching a Reactive Load to a Purely Resistive or Reactive Source by Using the Principle of Parasitic Absorbtion	p. 186
6.3.6 The Analytic Approach to Designing Commensurate Distributed Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 189
6.3.6.1 Richards' Transformation	p. 190
6.3.6.2 Kuroda and Norton's Identities	p. 193
6.4 The Iterative Design of Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 195
6.4.1 The Line-Segment Approach to Matching a Reactive Load to a Purely Resistive Source	p. 198
6.4.2 The Reflection Coefficient Approach to Solving Double-Matching Problems	p. 205
6.4.3 The Transformation Q Approach to the Design of Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 215
6.4.3.1 Constraints on the Input Impedance of a Lossless Matching Network if the Gain is to Remain Constant at a Specified Frequency	p. 216
6.4.3.2 Extention of the Transformation Q Impedance-Matching Technique	p. 218
6.4.3.3 Optimization of the Transformation Q Factors of a Matching Network	p. 220
6.4.3.4 An Algorithm for the Design of Impedance-Matching Networks by Using the Transformation Factors of the Network	p. 230
6.5 The Design of RLC Impedance-Matching Networks	p. 231
Questions and Problems	p. 235
References and Additional Reading	p. 239
Chapter 7 Microwave Lumped Elements, Distributed Equivalents and the Parasitics Associated with Microstrip Transmission Lines	p. 241
7.1 Introduction	p. 241
7.2 Lumped Microwave Resistors	p. 242
7.3 Evaluation of the Limitations of a Series Transmission Line Used as a Lumped Element	p. 242
7.4 Lumped Microwave Inductors	p. 245
7.5 Lumped Microwave Capacitors	p. 251
7.6 Distributed Equivalents for Shunt Inductors and Capacitors	p. 252
7.7 A Transmission Line Equivalent for a Symmetric Low-Pass T-or [pi]-Section	p. 257
7.8 Parasitic Effects of Microstrip Discontinuities at the Lower Microwave Frequencies	p. 263
7.9 A Compensation Technique for Microstrip Discontinuities	p. 268
Questions and Problems	p. 271
References	p. 273
Chapter 8 The Design of Radio-Frequency and Microwave Amplifiers	p. 275
8.1 Introduction	p. 275
8.2 Amplifier Stability	p. 275
8.3 The Optimal Stabilization of an Amplifier by Resistive Loading	p. 280
8.4 Constant Gain Circles	p. 284
8.4.1 Circles of Constant Mismatch	p. 284
8.4.2 Constant Operating Power Gain Circles	p. 285
8.4.3 Constant Available Power Gain Circles	p. 288
8.5 Tunability	p. 289
8.6 Unilateralness	p. 290
8.7 A Technique for Designing Amplifiers with Non-Unilateral Inherently Stable Transistors	p. 291
8.8 The Dynamic Range of an Amplifier	p. 293
8.8.1 Evaluation and Optimization of the Noise Performance of an Amplifier -- A Procedure for Determining the Optimum Combination of Available Power Gain and Noise Figure for a Multistage Amplifier	p. 293
8.8.2 Evaluation of the Linearity of an Amplifier	p. 298
8.9 The Design of Multistage Amplifiers	p. 300
8.9.1 A Procedure for Designing Small-Signal Amplifiers Based on the Operating Power Gain	p. 300
8.9.2 A Procedure for Designing Small-Signal Amplifiers Based on the Available Power Gain	p. 302
8.9.3 A Procedure for Designing a Wideband Amplifier for a Specified Noise-Figure and Transducer Power Gain	p. 304
8.10 Reflection Amplifiers	p. 311
8.11 Balanced Amplifiers	p. 314
8.12 Considerations Applying to Power Amplifiers	p. 315
Questions and Problems	p. 319
References and Additional Reading	p. 323
Appendices
Appendix A PLNM Fortran	p. 325
Appendix B ZVR Fortran	p. 331
Appendix C LSM Fortran	p. 338
Appendix D RCDM Fortran	p. 346
Appendix E S-Parameter Expressions Relevant to the Design of RF and Microwave Amplfiers	p. 359
Appendix F SYZ Basic	p. 364
Index	p. 369

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