Nanophotonic materials : photonic crystals, plasmonics, and metamaterials

Nanophotonic Materials: Photonic Crystals, Plasmonics, and Metamaterials summarizes the work and results of a consortium consisting of more than 20 German research groups concentrated on photonics crystals research over the last seven years. Illustrated throughout in full color, the book provides an overview of these novel materials, spanning the entire range from fundamentals to applications.

Author Notes

Ralf B. Wehrspohn studied physics at the University of Oldenburg, Germany, and received his Ph.D. degree from the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris in 1997. Until 1999 he worked on thin-film transistors for AMLCDs at Philips Research. From 1999 until 2003 he led the Porous Materials/Photonic Crystals group at the Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics in Halle, after which he held a chair at the Physics department of the University of Paderborn for three years. Since 2006, he has been the director of the Fraunhofer-Institute for Mechanics of Materials and a Professor of Physics at the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. Professor Wehrspohn was awarded the Maier-Leibnitz Prize of the German Science Foundation in 2003.

Heinz-Siegfried Kitzerow was awarded a professorship for Physical Chemistry from the University of Paderborn, Germany, in 1998. His team works on liquid crystals and their behavior in complex geometries, polymer composites and thin electroluminescent layers. Professor Kitzerow serves as secretary of the International Liquid Crystal Society and is a member of the managing board of the German Liquid Crystal Society. He worked previously as a lecturer at the Technical University (TU) Berlin and visited the Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, and the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, for postgraduate research. He studied chemistry and received his Ph.D. degree from the TU Berlin.

Kurt Busch received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, in 1993 and 1996, respectively. From 1997 to 1999 he was the recipient of a post-doctoral scholarship from the DFG at the University of Toronto. From 2000 to 2004, Professor Busch was the head of a junior research program (Emmy Noether-program) at the Institute for the Theory of Condensed Matter, University of Karlsruhe. In 2004, he was appointed as Associate Professor at the Department of Physics and CREOL, University of Central Florida. In 2005, he returned to the University of Karlsruhe to accept a professorship in Physics at the Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics. Professor Busch was awarded the Carl-Zeiss Research award in 2006.

Preface

List of Contributors

I Linear and Non-linear Properties of Photonic Crystals

1 Solitary Wave Formation in One-dimensional Photonic CrystalsSabine Essig and Jens Niegemann and Lasha Tkeshelashvili and Kurt Busch

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Variational Approach to the NLCME

1.3 Radiation Losses

1.4 Results

1.5 Conclusions and Outlook

References

2 Microscopic Analysis of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconductor Photonic-Crystal StructuresBernhard Pasenow and Matthias Reichelt and Tineke Stroucken and Torsten Meier and Stephan W. Koch

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Theoretical Approach

2.3 Numerical Results

2.4 Summary

References

3 Functional 3D Photonic Films from Polymer BeadsBirger Lange and Friederike Fleischhaker and Rudolf Zentel

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Opals as Coloring Agents

3.3 Loading of Opals with Highly Fluorescent Dyes

3.4 New Properties Through Replication

3.5 Defect Incorporation into Opals

References

4 Bloch Modes and Group Velocity Delay in Coupled Resonator ChainsBj_rn M. M_ller and Mikhail V. Artemyev and Ulrike Woggon

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Experiment

4.3 Coherent Cavity Field Coupling in One-Dimensional CROWs

4.4 Mode Structure in Finite CROWs

4.5 Slowing Down Light in CROWs

4.6 Disorder and Detuning in CROWs

4.7 Summary

References

5 Coupled Nanopillar Waveguides: Optical Properties and ApplicationsDmitry N. Chigrin and Sergei V. Zhukovsky and Andrei V. Lavrinenko and Johann Kroha

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Dispersion Engineering

5.3 Transmission Efficiency

5.4 Aperiodic Nanopillar Waveguides

5.5 Applications

5.6 Conclusion

References

6 Investigations on the Generation of Photonic Crystals using Two-Photon Polymerization (2PP) of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polymers with Ultra-Short Laser PulsesR. Houbertz and P. Declerck and S. Passinger and A. Ovsianikov and J. Serbin and B.N. Chichkov

6.1 Introduction

6.2 High-Refractive Index Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polymers

6.3 Multi-Photon Fabrication

6.4 Summary and Outlook

References

7 Ultra-low Refractive Index Mesoporous Substrates for Waveguide StructuresD. Konjhodzic and S. Schr_ter and F. Marlow

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Mesoporous Films

7.3 MSFs as Substrates for Waveguide Structures

7.4 Conclusions

References

8 Linear and Nonlinear Effects of Light Propagation inLow-index Photonic Crystal SlabsR. Iliew and C. Etrich and M. Augustin and E.-B. Kley and S. Nolte and A. T8nnermann and F. Lederer

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Fabrication of Photonic Crystal Slabs

8.3 Linear Properties of Photonic Crystal Slabs

8.4 Light Propagation in Nonlinear Photonic Crystals

8.5 Conclusion

References

9 Linear and Non-linear Optical Experiments Based on Macroporous Silicon Photonic CrystalsRalf B. Wehrspohn and Stefan L. Schweizer and Vahid Sandoghdar

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Fabrication of 2D Photonic Crystals

9.3 Defects in 2D Macroporous Silicon Photonic Crystals

9.4 Internal Emitter

9.5 Tunability of Silicon Photonic Crystals

9.6 Summary

References

10 Dispersive Properties of Photonic Crystal Waveguide ResonatorsT. S8nner and M. Gellner and M. Scholz and A. L_ffler and M. Kamp and A. Forchel

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Design and Fabrication

10.3 Transmission Measurements

10.4 Dispersion Measurements

10.5 Analysis

10.6 Postfabrication Tuning

10.7 Conclusion

References

II Tuneable Photonic Crystals

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Summary

Summary

Author Notes

Table of Contents