Introduction to database and knowledge-base systems

Title:

Personal Author:

Krishna, Shenai

Publication Information:

River Edge, N.J. : World Scientific, 1992

ISBN:

9789810206192

Subject Term:

Database management

Expert systems (Computer science)

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000003225210	QA76.9.D3 K75 1992	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

This book provides a comprehensive yet concise coverage of the concepts and technology of database systems and their evolution into knowledge bases. The traditional material on database systems at senior undergraduate level is covered. An understanding of concepts is emphasized avoiding extremes in formalism or detail.

Chapter 1 Preliminaries and Overview	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 The Database Environment	p. 3
1.3 Architecture of Database Systems	p. 5
1.4 Data Models	p. 6
1.4.1 Entity Relationship Model	p. 7
1.4.2 Database Languages	p. 9
1.5 Structuring Database Systems	p. 11
1.5.1 Functional Architecture	p. 11
1.5.2 The Client-Server Architecture	p. 13
1.5.3 Personal Computer Database Systems	p. 15
1.5.4 Online Transaction Processing Systems	p. 16
1.6 From Databases to Knowledge-Bases	p. 18
1.7 Summary	p. 19
Exercises	p. 20
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 21
Chapter 2 The Relational Model	p. 23
2.1 The Relational Data Model	p. 23
2.1.1 ER Model and Relational Model	p. 27
2.2 Integrity Rules	p. 29
2.3 Functional Dependency	p. 30
2.4 Normal Forms for Relations	p. 32
2.4.1 First Three Normal Forms	p. 32
2.4.2 Boyce-Codd Normal Form	p. 38
2.5 Summary	p. 39
Exercises	p. 39
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 41
Chapter 3 Relational Operations and Further Normalization	p. 43
3.1 Relational Algebra Operators	p. 44
3.1.1 Basic Operators	p. 44
3.1.2 Derived Operators	p. 46
3.2 Relational Calculus	p. 48
3.3 Multivalued Dependencies	p. 50
3.4 The Fourth Normal Form	p. 55
3.5 Lossless Join Decomposition	p. 56
3.6 Join Dependency	p. 61
3.6.1 The Fifth Normal Form	p. 62
3.7 Summary	p. 62
Exercises	p. 63
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 65
Chapter 4 Relational Database Languages and Systems	p. 67
4.1 SQL	p. 68
4.1.1 Operations on Single Tables	p. 71
4.1.2 Queries Involving more than One Table	p. 72
4.1.3 Nested Queries	p. 73
4.1.4 Aggregate Functions	p. 76
4.1.5 Other Operations	p. 77
4.1.6 Shortcomings of SQL	p. 79
4.2 QUEL	p. 80
4.2.1 Aggregate Operations	p. 84
4.2.2 Other Operations	p. 85
4.3 Query-By-Example	p. 86
4.3.1 Aggregate Operators	p. 89
4.3.2 Other Operations	p. 89
4.3.3 Recursive Queries	p. 90
4.4 Criteria for Evaluating Relational Database Systems	p. 91
4.5 Summary	p. 97
Exercises	p. 97
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 99
Chapter 5 Hierarchical and Network Models	p. 101
5.1 The Hierarchical Data Model	p. 103
5.1.1 Translating Entity-Relationship Representations	p. 104
5.1.2 Logical Relationships	p. 104
5.1.3 Database Definition	p. 107
5.2 Hierarchical Data Manipulation	p. 107
5.3 The Network Model	p. 111
5.3.1 From Hierarchy to Network	p. 111
5.3.2 Background	p. 111
5.3.3 Network Model Data Structures	p. 113
5.3.4 The DBTG Set	p. 115
5.3.5 Data Definition Language	p. 116
5.4 Network Data Manipulation	p. 118
5.5 Conclusion	p. 125
5.6 Summary	p. 126
Exercises	p. 126
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 128
Chapter 6 Physical Data Organization	p. 131
6.1 Basic Concepts	p. 131
6.1.1 Addressing	p. 134
6.1.2 Performance Measures	p. 135
6.2 Heap Storage	p. 136
6.3 Indexed Sequential Organization	p. 137
6.3.1 Multi-level Indexes	p. 141
6.3.2 Tree Structures	p. 142
6.4 The B-Tree Organization	p. 145
6.4.1 B+trees	p. 153
6.5 Hashed Files	p. 153
6.5.1 Basic Hashing Scheme	p. 154
6.5.2 Problems with the Basic Scheme	p. 157
6.6 Extendible Hashing	p. 158
6.7 Linear Hashing	p. 163
6.8 Multi-key Organizations	p. 166
6.9 Grid Files	p. 168
6.10 Partitioned Hash Functions	p. 170
6.11 Summary	p. 172
Exercises	p. 173
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 175
Chapter 7 Elements of Database Design	p. 177
7.1 Requirement Analysis	p. 179
7.2 Conceptual Modeling	p. 180
7.2.1 The Extended Entity-Relationship Model	p. 181
7.2.2 Conceptual Representation with the EER Model	p. 183
7.3 Data Modeling	p. 187
7.4 Transaction Analysis	p. 188
7.5 Database Performance	p. 189
7.5.1 Tools for Physical Database Design	p. 192
7.6 Summary	p. 194
Exercises	p. 194
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 195
Chapter 8 Protection and Preservation of Databases	p. 197
8.1 Transactions	p. 197
8.2 Integrity Control	p. 199
8.2.1 Integrity Constraints	p. 201
8.2.2 Integrity Constraints in SQL	p. 204
8.2.3 Integrity Features in INGRES	p. 206
8.3 Security	p. 207
8.3.1 Views	p. 210
8.3.2 View Definition and Authorization in SQL	p. 211
8.3.3 Security Features in INGRES	p. 214
8.4 Database Recovery	p. 216
8.4.1 Log-based Recovery Schemes	p. 218
8.4.2 Shadow Paging	p. 223
8.5 Summary	p. 224
Exercises	p. 224
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 226
Chapter 9 Concurrency Control	p. 229
9.1 Transactions and Serializability	p. 230
9.2 Concurrency Control through Locking	p. 236
9.2.1 Deadlocks	p. 238
9.2.2 Avoiding Deadlocks	p. 241
9.2.3 Deadlock Detection and Resolution	p. 243
9.2.4 Locking Modes	p. 244
9.3 Timestamping	p. 245
9.4 Summary	p. 248
Exercises	p. 249
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 250
Chapter 10 Distributed Database Systems	p. 253
10.1 Features of Distributed Database Systems	p. 254
10.2 Structuring Distributed Databases	p. 256
10.3 Query Optimization	p. 258
10.3.1 Semijoin Programs	p. 261
10.4 Concurrency Control	p. 263
10.4.1 Concurrency Control based on Locking	p. 263
10.4.2 Handling Deadlocks	p. 265
10.4.3 Timestamping	p. 267
10.5 Recovery	p. 267
10.5.1 Two-phase Commit Protocol	p. 269
10.6 Implementations	p. 270
10.7 Summary	p. 270
Exercises	p. 271
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 272
Chapter 11 Deductive Databases	p. 275
11.1 Introduction	p. 275
11.1.1 Structure	p. 276
11.1.2 Architecture	p. 277
11.2 Basic Elements	p. 277
11.3 Database Systems and Prolog	p. 280
11.3.1 Inference and Query Processing in Prolog	p. 280
11.3.2 Prolog for Database Queries	p. 282
11.3.3 Limitations of Prolog for Database Usage	p. 285
11.4 Datalog	p. 286
11.5 Query Processing Strategies	p. 287
11.5.1 Recursive Query Processing	p. 288
11.5.2 Naive Evaluation	p. 289
11.5.3 Semi-Naive Evaluation	p. 290
11.5.4 Magic Sets	p. 291
11.6 Implementations	p. 296
11.7 Summary	p. 296
Exercises	p. 297
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 298
Chapter 12 Object-Oriented Database Systems	p. 301
12.1 Introduction	p. 301
12.2 Object-Oriented Programming Languages	p. 303
12.3 Features of Object-Oriented Database Systems	p. 306
12.4 Querying Object-Oriented Databases	p. 313
12.5 Implementations	p. 316
12.6 Summary	p. 317
Bibliographic Notes and References	p. 317

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