Information technology project management providing measurable organizational value

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Reach for a higher measure of success
An information technology project can be on time and within budget, but that doesn't mean it will be successful. The real measure of success is the value that the project delivers to the organization.

Now revised, this Second Edition of Jack Marchewka's Information Technology Project Management focuses on how to create Measurable Organizational Value (MOV) through IT projects. The author uses the concept of MOV to create a solid foundation for making decisions throughout the project's lifecycle and for integrating project management and IT concepts, tools, and techniques.

Highlights of the Second Edition
* New Chapter 12 on Project Procurement Management and Outsourcing.
* New Chapter 13 on Project Leadership, Ethics, and Multicultural Projects.
* Takes you through the different phases of the project life cycle, and introduces the concepts and tools that are appropriate for each specific phase of the project.
* Incorporates nine areas outlined in the Project Management Institute's Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) into the basic concepts associated with information systems management and software engineering.
* Chapter-opening vignettes, which comprise a continuing case about Husky Air (an air charter company), describe situations faced by project managers and teams undertaking IT projects.
* Chapters feature integrated hands-on case assignments.
* Includes a trial version of MS Project(TM).

Author Notes

Jack T. Marchewka is an associate professor, the Barsema Professor of Management Information Systems, and the director of the Business Information Technology Transfer Center (BITTC) at Northern Illinois University. He received his Ph.D. from Georgia State University's department of Computer Information Systems in 1994 and was a former faculty member at Kennesaw State University. Prior to entering academia, Dr. Marchewka was a vice president of MIS for a healthcare company in Atlanta, Georgia.
Dr. Marchewka has taught a number of courses at both the undergraduate and graduate levels and has been a guest lecturer at the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University in the Netherlands. His articles have appeared in journals such as Information Resources Management Journal, Information Technology & People, Journal of International Information Management , and Journal of Informatics Education and Research .

Preface	p. xvii
About the Author	p. xxiii
Chapter 1 The Nature of Information Technology Projects	p. 1
Global Technology Solutions	p. 1
Introduction	p. 2
How This Book Is Organized	p. 5
The Software Crisis	p. 5
Why IT Projects Fail	p. 6
The Current State of IT Project Management	p. 7
Improving the Likelihood of Success	p. 8
The Context of Project Management	p. 11
What Is a Project?	p. 11
The Project Life Cycle and IT Development	p. 14
Define Project Goal	p. 15
Plan Project	p. 15
Execute Project Plan	p. 16
Close Project	p. 16
Evaluate Project	p. 16
The IT Product Life Cycle	p. 17
Putting the SDLC into Practice	p. 18
The PLC versus the SDLC	p. 20
The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)	p. 22
Project Management Knowledge Areas	p. 22
Chapter Summary	p. 24
Review Questions	p. 25
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 25
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 26
Bibliography	p. 27
Chapter 2 Conceptualizing and Initializing the IT Project	p. 28
Global Technology Solutions	p. 28
Introduction	p. 30
An Information Technology Project Methodology (ITPM)	p. 30
Phase 1 Conceptualize and Initialize	p. 32
Phase 2 Develop the Project Charter and Detailed Project Plan	p. 33
Phase 3 Execute and Control the Project	p. 34
Phase 4 Close Project	p. 34
Phase 5 Evaluate Project Success	p. 35
IT Project Management Foundation	p. 36
The Business Case	p. 37
What Is a Business Case?	p. 37
Developing the Business Case	p. 38
Project Selection and Approval	p. 53
The IT Project Selection Process	p. 54
The Project Selection Decision	p. 54
Chapter Summary	p. 57
Review Questions	p. 58
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 59
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 59
Bibliography	p. 61
Chapter 3 Developing the Project Charter and Baseline Project Plan	p. 62
Global Technology Solutions	p. 62
Introduction	p. 63
Project Management Processes	p. 64
Project Management Process Groups	p. 65
Project Integration Management	p. 67
Project Plan Development	p. 68
Project Plan Execution	p. 69
Overall Change Control	p. 69
The Project Charter	p. 70
What Should Be in a Project Charter?	p. 72
Project Planning Framework	p. 76
The MOV	p. 76
Define the Project's Scope	p. 76
Subdivide the Project into Phases	p. 77
Tasks-Sequence, Resources, and Time Estimates	p. 78
Schedule and Budget-The Baseline Plan	p. 79
The Kick-Off Meeting	p. 79
Chapter Summary	p. 79
Review Questions	p. 80
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 81
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 81
Bibliography	p. 82
Chapter 4 The Human Side of Project Management	p. 83
Global Technology Solutions	p. 83
Introduction	p. 84
Organization and Project Planning	p. 85
The Formal Organization	p. 86
The Informal Organization	p. 94
The Project Team	p. 95
The Roles of the Project Manager	p. 96
Team Selection and Acquisition	p. 97
Team Performance	p. 98
Project Teams and Knowledge Management	p. 100
Learning Cycles and Lessons Learned	p. 101
The Project Environment	p. 105
Chapter Summary	p. 106
Review Questions	p. 107
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 108
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 109
Bibliography	p. 110
Chapter 5 Defining and Managing Project Scope	p. 111
Global Technology Solutions	p. 111
Introduction	p. 112
Project Scope Management Processes	p. 112
Project Scope Initiation and Planning	p. 114
Scope Boundary	p. 115
The Scope Statement	p. 115
Project Scope Definition	p. 117
Project-Oriented Scope	p. 117
Product-Oriented Scope	p. 119
Project Scope Verification	p. 123
Scope Change Control	p. 123
Scope Change Control Procedures	p. 124
Benefits of Scope Control	p. 126
Chapter Summary	p. 127
Review Questions	p. 128
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 129
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 129
Bibliography	p. 130
Chapter 6 The Work Breakdown Structure and Project Estimation	p. 131
Global Technology Solutions	p. 131
Introduction	p. 133
The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)	p. 134
Work Packages	p. 134
Deliverables and Milestones	p. 135
Developing the WBS	p. 136
Project Estimation	p. 139
Guesstimating	p. 139
Delphi Technique	p. 140
Time Boxing	p. 140
Top-Down Estimating	p. 140
Bottom-Up Estimating	p. 141
Software Engineering Metrics and Approaches	p. 142
Lines of Code (LOC)	p. 144
Function Points	p. 144
COCOMO	p. 148
Heuristics	p. 150
Automated Estimating Tools	p. 151
What Is the Best Way to Estimate IT Projects?	p. 151
Chapter Summary	p. 152
Web Sites to Visit	p. 153
Review Questions	p. 153
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 154
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 155
Bibliography	p. 155
Chapter 7 The Project Schedule and Budget	p. 156
Global Technology Solutions	p. 156
Introduction	p. 157
Developing the Project Schedule	p. 159
Gantt Charts	p. 160
Project Network Diagrams	p. 160
Project Management Software Tools	p. 166
Developing the Project Budget	p. 168
Cost Estimation	p. 169
Other Costs	p. 172
Resource Allocation	p. 173
Finalizing the Project Schedule and Budget	p. 173
Chapter Summary	p. 174
Review Questions	p. 175
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 175
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 176
Bibliography	p. 176
Chapter 8 Managing Project Risk	p. 177
Global Technology Solutions	p. 177
Introduction	p. 179
IT Project Risk Management Planning Process	p. 181
Risk Planning	p. 182
Risk Identification	p. 183
Risk Assessment	p. 183
Risk Strategies	p. 184
Risk Monitoring and Control	p. 184
Risk Response	p. 184
Risk Evaluation	p. 184
Identifying IT Project Risks	p. 185
An IT Project Risk Management Framework	p. 185
Applying the IT Project Risk Management Framework	p. 187
Tools and Techniques	p. 188
Risk Analysis and Assessment	p. 190
Qualitative Approaches	p. 191
Quantitative Approaches	p. 195
Risk Strategies	p. 200
Risk Monitoring and Control	p. 203
Risk Response and Evaluation	p. 204
Chapter Summary	p. 205
Web Sites to Visit	p. 206
Review Questions	p. 206
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 207
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 207
Bibliography	p. 208
Chapter 9 Project Communication, Tracking, and Reporting	p. 209
Global Technology Solutions	p. 209
Introduction	p. 211
Monitoring and Controlling the Project	p. 212
The Project Communications Plan	p. 214
Project Metrics	p. 216
Earned Value	p. 217
Reporting Performance and Progress	p. 223
Information Distribution	p. 225
Chapter Summary	p. 227
Review Questions	p. 228
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 229
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 229
Bibliography	p. 230
Chapter 10 IT Project Quality Management	p. 231
Global Technology Solutions	p. 231
Introduction	p. 234
The Quality Movement	p. 237
Craftsmanship	p. 237
The Industrial Revolution	p. 238
Frederic W. Taylor (1856-1915)	p. 238
Walter A. Shewhart (1891-1967)	p. 240
W. Edwards Deming (1900-1993)	p. 242
Joseph Juran (1904- )	p. 243
Kaoru Ishikawa (1915-1989)	p. 243
Phillip Crosby (1926-2001)	p. 245
Quality Systems	p. 245
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)	p. 246
TickIT	p. 247
Six Sigma (6[sigma])	p. 248
The Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)	p. 250
The IT Project Quality Plan	p. 255
Quality Philosophies and Principles	p. 256
Quality Standards and Metrics	p. 257
Verification and Validation	p. 259
Change Control and Configuration Management	p. 261
Monitor and Control	p. 263
Learn, Mature, and Improve	p. 264
Chapter Summary	p. 265
Web Sites to Visit	p. 266
Review Questions	p. 266
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 267
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 268
Bibliography	p. 268
Chapter 11 Managing Organizational Change, Resistance, and Conflict	p. 269
Global Technology Solutions	p. 269
Introduction	p. 271
The Nature of Change	p. 273
Change Has an Impact	p. 273
Change Is a Process	p. 275
Change Can Be Emotional	p. 276
The Change Management Plan	p. 277
Assess Willingness, Readiness, and Ability to Change	p. 277
Develop or Adopt a Strategy for Change	p. 280
Implement the Change Management Plan and Track Progress	p. 283
Evaluate Experience and Develop Lessons Learned	p. 283
Dealing with Resistance and Conflict	p. 283
Resistance	p. 284
Conflict	p. 284
Polarity Management	p. 287
Chapter Summary	p. 290
Review Questions	p. 291
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 293
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 294
Bibliography	p. 295
Chapter 12 Project Procurement Management and Outsourcing	p. 296
Global Technology Solutions	p. 296
Introduction	p. 297
Project Procurement Management	p. 298
The Project Procurement Management Processes	p. 299
Plan Purchases and Acquisition	p. 299
Plan Contracting	p. 300
Request Seller Responses	p. 300
Select Sellers	p. 300
Contract Administration	p. 303
Contract Closure	p. 303
Outsourcing	p. 303
The Beginning of the Outsourcing Phenomenon	p. 304
Types of Outsourcing Relationships	p. 304
The Realities of Outsourcing	p. 305
Managing the Outsourcing Relationship	p. 305
Chapter Summary	p. 308
Review Questions	p. 309
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 310
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 310
Bibliography	p. 311
Chapter 13 Leadership and Ethics	p. 312
Global Technology Solutions	p. 312
Introduction	p. 313
Project Leadership	p. 314
Some Modern Approaches to Leadership	p. 315
Leadership Styles	p. 316
Emotional Intelligence	p. 318
Ethics in Projects	p. 320
Ethical Leadership	p. 322
Common Ethical Dilemmas	p. 323
Making Sound Ethical Decisions	p. 325
Multicultural Projects	p. 327
The Challenges of International Projects	p. 327
Understanding and Managing Diversity	p. 329
Chapter Summary	p. 330
Review Questions	p. 331
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 332
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 332
Bibliography	p. 332
Chapter 14 Project Implementation, Closure, and Evaluation	p. 333
Global Technology Solutions	p. 333
Introduction	p. 334
Project Implementation	p. 335
Direct Cutover	p. 336
Parallel	p. 337
Phased	p. 337
Administrative Closure	p. 339
Project Sponsor Acceptance	p. 342
The Final Project Report	p. 342
The Final Meeting and Presentation	p. 343
Closing the Project	p. 344
Project Evaluation	p. 344
Individual Performance Review	p. 344
Postmortem Review	p. 345
Project Audit	p. 346
Evaluating Project Success-The MOV	p. 347
Chapter Summary	p. 348
Review Questions	p. 349
Extend Your Knowledge	p. 350
Husky Air Assignment-Pilot Angels	p. 350
Bibliography	p. 351
Appendix An Introduction to Function Point Analysis	p. 352
Index	p. 365

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