Integrated biomaterials science

Title:

Publication Information:

New York, NY : Kluwer Academic, 2002

ISBN:

9780306466786

Subject Term:

Biomedical materials

Medical instruments and apparatus

Artificial organs

Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc.

Added Author:

Barbucci, Rolando

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010101070	R856 I574 2002	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Integrated Biomaterials Science provides an intriguing insight into the world of biomaterials. It explores the materials and technology which have brought advances in new biomaterials, highlighting the way in which modern biology and medicine are synergistically linked to other key scientific disciplines-physics, chemistry, and engineering. In doing so, Integrated Biomaterials Science contains chapters on tissue engineering and gene therapy, standards and parameters of biomaterials, applications and interactions within the industrial world, as well as potential aspects of patent regulations.
Integrated Biomaterials Science serves as a comprehensive guide to understanding this dynamic field, yet is designed so that chapters may be read and understood independently, depending on the needs of the reader. Integrated Biomaterials Science is attractive to a broad audience interested in a deeper understanding of this evolving field, and serves as a key resource for researchers and students of biomaterials courses, providing all with an opportunity to probe further.

Author Notes

Rolando Barbucci is Director of the Interuniversity Research Center for Advanced Medical Systems (C.R.I.S.M.A) and Head of the Department of Chemical and Biosystem Sciences and Technologies at the University of Siena, Italy. A former President of the Interdivisional Group of Biomaterials (G.I.B.) of the Italian Chemical Society, he is an accomplished chemist and biomaterials scientist, with 5 patents and more than 250 publications to his credit. He has a deep interest in the integration and applications of biomaterials within this growing field spanning medicine, biology, chemistry, and bioengineering.

1. Biological MaterialsYoshito Ikada
1.1. Introduction	p. 1
1.2. Fundamentals of Biological Materials	p. 2
1.3. Medical Application of Biological Materials	p. 14
1.4. Conclusions	p. 22
References	p. 22
2. Structure and Properties of Polymeric MaterialsWalter Marconi and Antonella Piozzi
2.1. Introduction	p. 25
2.2. Polymers	p. 27
2.3. Polymers in Medicine	p. 36
2.4. Requirements and Evaluation of Polymeric Materials	p. 43
References	p. 66
3. Fundamentals of Polymeric Composite MaterialsClaudio Migliaresi and Alessandro Pegoretti
3.1. Introduction	p. 69
3.2. Fiber Reinforcements	p. 71
3.3. Matrix Resins	p. 78
3.4. Fiber/Matrix Adhesion	p. 84
3.5. Volume and Weight Fractions	p. 87
3.6. Mechanics of Continuous-Fiber-Reinforced Composites	p. 88
3.7. Mechanics of Discontinuous-Fiber-Reinforced Composites	p. 99
3.8. Mechanics of Particulate Composites	p. 106
3.9. Manufacture of Composites	p. 108
References	p. 114
4. Biodegradable PolymersLuca Fambri and Claudio Migliaresi and Kernal Kesenci and Erhan Piskin
4.1. Introduction	p. 119
4.2. Definition	p. 120
4.3. Mechanisms	p. 121
4.4. Properties and Applications	p. 126
4.5. Natural Polymers	p. 129
4.6. Synthetic Polymers	p. 145
4.7. Factors Affecting the Degradation of Polymeric Materials	p. 165
References	p. 170
5. Bioceramics and Biological GlassesA. Krajewski and A. Ravaglioli
5.1. The Structure of Ceramics from Synthesis to Processing	p. 189
5.2. Design and Duration of Ceramic Devices under Load	p. 207
5.3. Ceramics for Surgical Implants	p. 208
5.4. A Survey on the Adhesion of Ceramics to Bone Tissue	p. 252
References	p. 252
6. Metallic MaterialsAlberto Cigada and Roberto Chiesa and Maria Rosa Pinasco and Kunihiro Hisatsune
6.1. The Crystalline Structure of Metallic Materials	p. 255
6.2. Lattice Defects	p. 256
6.3. Structure of Metallic Alloys	p. 262
6.4. Phase Diagrams	p. 263
6.5. Thermal Treatments	p. 272
6.6. Strengthening of Metals	p. 277
6.7. Working Technologies	p. 280
6.8. Main Metallic Materials Used as Biomaterials	p. 289
7. Degradation Processes on Metallic SurfacesEmma Angelini and Angelo Caputo and Fabrizio Zucchi
7.1. Introduction	p. 297
7.2. The Biological Environment	p. 297
7.3. Metallic Corrosion	p. 298
7.4. Corrosion Forms	p. 308
7.5. Corrosion Prevention	p. 320
References	p. 323
8. Characterization of BiomaterialsDonald Lyman
8.1. Requirements of Biomedical Characterization	p. 325
8.2. Structure of Materials	p. 327
8.3. The Nature of Surface Dynamics and Surface Analysis	p. 328
8.4. Organization of Polymer Surfaces	p. 330
References	p. 336
9. TissuesLuigi Ambrosio and Paolo A. Netti and Peter A. Revell
9.1. Introduction	p. 339
9.2. Soft Tissues	p. 340
9.3. Hard Tissues	p. 342
References	p. 345
10. Soft TissueLuigi Ambrosio and Paolo A. Netti and Luigi Nicolais
10.1. Structure-Property Relationship of Soft Tissue	p. 347
10.2. Skin	p. 353
10.3. Tendons and Ligaments	p. 357
References	p. 363
11. The EyeDomenico Lepore and Luigi Ambrosio and Roberto De Santis and Luigi Nicolais and Luigi Scullica
11.1. Introduction	p. 367
11.2. The Cornea	p. 368
11.3. The Sclera	p. 373
11.4. The Vitreous	p. 375
References	p. 379
12. Articular CartilagePaolo A. Netti and Luigi Ambrosio
12.1. Introduction	p. 381
12.2. Composition and Structure	p. 382
12.3. Mechanical Properties	p. 386
12.4. Electromechanical Transduction	p. 394
12.5. Remodeling and Repair	p. 396
References	p. 398
13. The Mechanical and Material Properties of the Healthy and Degenerated Intervertebral DiscRon Alkalay
13.1. Introduction	p. 403
13.2. Anatomy	p. 404
13.3. Material Properties of the Structures of the Disc	p. 406
13.4. Mechanical Behavior of the Intervertebral Disc	p. 411
13.5. The Effect of Degradation on the Mechanical Properties of the Disc	p. 415
13.6. Intervertebral Disc Prostheses	p. 416
13.7. Summary	p. 419
References	p. 420
14. Soft Tissue ReplacementMatteo Santin and Luigi Ambrosio and Andrew W. Lloyd and Stephen P. Denyer
14.1. Introduction	p. 425
14.2. Cardiovascular Devices	p. 426
14.3. Intraocular Devices	p. 436
14.4. Other Applications in Soft Tissue Replacement	p. 444
14.5. Conclusions	p. 449
References	p. 450
15. Mechanics of Hard TissuesArturo N. Natali and Richard T. Hart
15.1. Introduction	p. 459
15.2. Experimental Methods and Results: Determination of Mechanical Properties and Structural Configuration	p. 462
15.3. Mechanics of Bone	p. 469
15.4. Bone Physiology	p. 475
15.5. Functional Adaptation of Bone	p. 476
15.6. Numerical Approach	p. 482
15.7. Conclusions	p. 486
References	p. 486
16. Hip Joint ReplacementsGiuseppe Guida and Dante Ronca
16.1 Introduction to Joint Replacements	p. 491
16.2. History	p. 492
16.3. Cemented Prostheses	p. 498
16.4. The Noncemented Prostheses	p. 505
16.5. Friction and Wear	p. 517
References	p. 520
17. Knee Joint ReplacementsDante Ronca and Giuseppe Guida
17.1. Introduction	p. 527
17.2. History	p. 529
17.3. The Knee: Anatomical, Functional, and Structural Considerations	p. 536
17.4. Polyethylene	p. 537
17.5. Alignment	p. 545
17.6. Fixation	p. 546
17.7. Patellofemoral Joint	p. 547
17.8. Conclusion	p. 550
References	p. 550
18. Biomaterial Applications: Elbow ProsthesisLuigi Celli
18.1. Introduction	p. 555
18.2. The Prosthetic Design	p. 556
18.3. Cases in which the Elbow Prosthesis Is Advisable	p. 558
References	p. 558
19. Biomaterial Applications: Shoulder ProsthesisLuigi Celli
19.1. Introduction	p. 561
19.2. The Prosthetic Design	p. 562
19.3. The Prosthetic Implantation	p. 563
19.4. Conforming Design of the Articular Surfaces	p. 564
19.5. Articular and Periarticular Resistances	p. 566
19.6. The Active Role of Periarticular Muscles	p. 566
References	p. 568
20. Acrylic Bone CementsMaria-Pau Ginebra and Francisco-Javier Gil and Josep-Anton Planell
20.1. Introduction	p. 569
20.2. Chemistry of Acrylic Bone Cements	p. 570
20.3. Mechanical Properties	p. 574
20.4. Factors Affecting the Microstructure and the Microstructure-Mechanical Properties Relationship	p. 578
20.5. Biological Properties	p. 582
20.6. Modification of Acrylic Bone Cements	p. 582
References	p. 584
21. Mechanical Properties of Tooth StructuresRoberto De Santis and Luigi Ambrosio and Luigi Nicolais
21.1. Introduction	p. 589
21.2. Mechanical Properties	p. 592
References	p. 597
22. Dental Materials and ImplantsMaria Rosa Pinasco and Arturo Natali and Patrizia Loria and Marc Bolla and Franck J. Hagege
22.1. Introduction	p. 601
22.2. Stomatognatic Apparatus: Some Considerations	p. 602
22.3. Dental Materials for Hard and Plastic Restorative Treatment	p. 609
22.4. Materials for Complex Reconstructions	p. 621
22.5. Prosthetic Therapy Materials	p. 622
22.6. Dental Implant Materials: A Few Considerations	p. 629
22.7. Biomaterials for Surgical Reconstitution	p. 631
22.8. Dental Implants and Biomechanics	p. 639
References	p. 647
23. Materials/Biological Environment InteractionsOrsolina Petillo and Alfonso Barbarisi and Sabrina Margarucci and Alfredo De Rosa and Gianfranco Peluso
23.1. Introduction	p. 655
23.2. Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interactions	p. 656
23.3. Growth Factors-Extracellular Matrix Interactions	p. 658
23.4. Extracellular/Biomaterial Interaction	p. 659
23.5. Future Perspectives	p. 665
References	p. 666
24. Protein Adsorption and Cellular/Tissue InteractionsAgnese Magnani and Gianfranco Peluso and Sabrina Margarucci and Krishnan K. Chittur
24.1. Introduction	p. 669
24.2. Protein Adsorption	p. 670
24.3. Cells/Tissue Interactions	p. 678
References	p. 685
25. Inflammatory Response to Polymeric MaterialsDenis Labarre and Marie-Paule Carreno
25.1. Introduction	p. 691
25.2. Polymeric Materials in Contact with Living Tissues	p. 692
25.3. Characteristics of the Materials Involved in the Inflammatory Response	p. 696
25.4. Assessing the Inflammatory Response to Materials	p. 705
25.5. Conclusion	p. 719
Appendix Abbreviations Used in this Chapter	p. 723
References	p. 725
26. Inflammatory Response to Metals and CeramicsArturo Pizzoferrato and Elisabetta Cenni and Gabriela Ciapetti and Donatella Granchi and Lucia Savarino and Susanna Stea
26.1. Introduction	p. 735
26.2. Materials Degradation and Inflammation	p. 735
26.3. Acute Inflammatory Response	p. 741
26.4. Chronic Inflammation	p. 760
26.5. Toxicity of Biomaterials and Inflammation	p. 767
26.6. Specific Immune Response	p. 770
References	p. 780
27. Biocompatibility and Biological TestsAntonietta M. Gatti and Jonathan C. Knowles
27.1. Definition	p. 793
27.2. Biocompatibility Tests and Their Rules	p. 795
27.3. Biological Tests	p. 796
27.4. Biofunctionality Tests	p. 810
References	p. 812
28. Infection and SterilizationRoberto Giardino and Nicolo Nicoli Aldini
28.1. Infection	p. 815
28.2. Sterilization	p. 822
References	p. 829
29. Drug Delivery SystemsFrancesco M. Veronese and Paolo Caliceti
29.1. Introduction	p. 833
29.2. Controlled or Programmable Drug Release versus Slow or Sustained Release	p. 834
29.3. Biodegradable and Nonbiodegradable Polymers	p. 836
29.4. Polymers for Controlled Release Applications	p. 837
29.5. Novel Drug Delivery System Preparations	p. 849
29.6. Internally or Externally Controlled Drug Delivery Systems	p. 853
29.7. Transdermal Therapeutic Delivery Systems	p. 859
29.8. Mechanisms of Drug Release	p. 864
29.9. Overviews of Problems Involving Long-Term Contact between Tissues and Drug Delivery Systems	p. 870
References	p. 872
30. Gene Delivery as a New Therapeutic ApproachLibero Vitiello and Francesco M. Veronese
30.1. Introduction	p. 875
30.2. Different Kinds of Therapeutic Nucleic Acids	p. 876
30.3. Viral Vectors	p. 877
30.4. Synthetic Vectors	p. 877
30.5. Clinical Applications of Gene Transfer	p. 881
References	p. 882
31. Tissue EngineeringGiovanni Abatangelo and Paola Brun and Marco Radice and Roberta Cortiro and Marcus K. H. Auth
31.1. Introduction	p. 885
31.2. Cell Culture and In Vitro Tissue Development	p. 888
31.3. Artificial Skin	p. 900
31.4. Artificial Cartilage	p. 907
31.5. Artificial Bone	p. 916
31.6. Glandular Parenchyma: The Liver	p. 925
References	p. 936
32. Assist DevicesGerardo Catapano
32.1. Introduction	p. 947
32.2. Biomaterials Used in Extracorporeal Blood Processing	p. 949
32.3. Artificial Devices	p. 950
32.4. Bioartificial Devices	p. 976
Suggested Reading	p. 983
Nomenclature	p. 984
33. Standards on BiomaterialsMaria Vittoria Primiceri and Sandro Paci
33.1. Introduction	p. 985
33.2. ISO Standards and Overview	p. 989
33.3. European System	p. 992
Bibliography	p. 1002
34. Biomaterials and PatentsMaria Vittoria Primiceri
34.1. Introduction	p. 1003
34.2. Patentable Inventions	p. 1009
34.3. Patentability of Biomaterials	p. 1012
Bibliography	p. 1013
Index	p. 1015

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