Formulas and calculations for drilling, production and workover

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010274332	TN871 L2874 2012	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010283437	TN871 L2874 2012	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Formulas and Calculations for Drilling, Production, and Workover: All the Formulas You Need to Solve Drilling and Production Problems, Third Edition, provides a convenient source of reference for oil field workers who do not use formulas and calculations on a regular basis. This book is still intended for the entirety of their careers. It also aims to help reduce the volume of materials they must carry to the rig floor or job site. Starting with review of basic equations and basic calculations, the remaining chapters offer in-depth discussions of topics such as drilling fluids, pressure control, engineering calculations, and air and gas calculations. The formulas and calculations are provided in either English field units or in metric units. This edition includes the Volumetric Procedure, the Lubricate and Bleed Procedure (both Volume and Pressure Methods), and stripping procedures (both the Strip and Bleed Procedure and the Combined Stripping and Volumetric Procedure). The Table of Contents and the Index make looking up formulas and calculations quick and easy. Examples are used throughout to make the formulas as easy as possible to understand and work, and often exact words are used rather than symbols.

Author Notes

New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico.

Mr. Carter has over fifty five years' experience in domestic and international engineering and management positions in the area of drilling, completion and E&P waste management with Conoco, Baroid, and several other drilling contractors. He has conducted seminars and schools on fluids, rig equipment, and drilling engineering related subjects associated with drilling optimization, cost reduction, and well control. Tom has served as Chairman of the API standardization committee (SC 13) on Drilling and Completion Fluid Materials. He was a SPE Distinguished Lecturer in 1993 and served as the Editor of the SPE reprint series book on drilling fluids. Currently, he is a member of the Chevron Clear Leader Center serving as a Technical Learning Advisor in Houston. He coordinates and has teaching participation in several subject areas such as Coiled Tubing Operations, Directional Drilling, Drilling Fluids, Drilling Practices, Fundamentals for Drilling and Completion, HPHT Drilling and Completions, and Solids Control and Waste Management. He is still active in several industry organizations and was President of the Houston chapter of the American Association of Drilling Engineers, Coordinator for the SPE North American Forum Series, Membership Chairman of the editorial committee for the Journal of Petroleum Technology and on the Board of Directors for the Ocean Energy Center Society (Ocean Star rig museum in Galveston). He has published 20 technical publications and holds five U.S. patents. He graduated with a BS in Geology from Centenary College in Shreveport, Louisiana in 1963.

Norton J. Lapeyrouse was a technical training instructor in oilfield courses with international experience. He developed numerous training programs, courses, and manuals designed for supervisory and field personnel. He was a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME., the American Society for Teaching and Development, and the IADC. subcommittee of Well Control Trainers Roundtable.

Preface	p. ix
1 Basic Equations	p. 1
1.0 Terminology	p. 1
1.1 Mud Weight MW (lb/ft 3 ), Mud Weight MW (ppg), and Specific Gravity (SG) [USCS/British]	p. 1
1.2 Density ¿ (kg/m 3 or kg/liter), Mud Weight MW (N/m 3 or N/liter), and Specific Gravity (SG) [SI-Metric]	p. 2
1.3 Hydrostatic Pressure (P) and (p) [USCS/British]	p. 4
1.4 Hydrostatic Pressure (P) and (p) [SI-Metric]	p. 5
1.5 Pressure Gradient ∇ (psi/ft), G (ppg) [USCS/British]	p. 7
1.6 Pressure Gradient G (SG) [SI-Metric]	p. 8
1.7 Equivalent Circulating "Density" ECD (ppg) [USCS/British]	p. 9
1.8 Equivalent Circulating "Density" ECD (N/liter) and ECD (SG) [SI-Metric]	p. 9
1.9 Mud Pump Output Q (bbl/stk) and q (gpm) [USCS/British]	p. 10
1.10 Capacity Formulas	p. 13
1.11 Annular Velocity V an (ft/min)	p. 21
1.12 Strokes per Minute (SPM) Required for a Given Annular Velocity	p. 23
1.13 Control Drilling	p. 24
1.14 Buoyancy Factor (BF)	p. 24
1.15 Decrease When Pulling Pipe Out of the Hole	p. 25
1.16 Loss of Overbalance Due to Falling Mud Level	p. 27
1.17 Circulating Hydraulic Horsepower (HHP)	p. 29
1.18 Pump Pressure/Pump Stroke Relationship (the Roughneck's Formula)	p. 31
1.19 Cost per Foot	p. 33
1.20 Temperature Conversion Formulas	p. 33
2 Basic Calculations	p. 37
2.0 Capacity, Volumes, and Strokes	p. 42
2.1 Slug Calculations	p. 49
2.2 Accumulator Capacity	p. 54
2.3 Bulk Density of Cuttings (Using Mud Balance)	p. 57
2.4 Drill String Design (Limitations)	p. 58
2.5 Ton-Mile (TM) Calculations	p. 61
2.6 Cementing Calculations	p. 66
2.7 Depth of a Washout	p. 89
2.8 Lost Returns-Loss of Overbalance	p. 91
2.9 Stuck Pipe Calculations	p. 92
2.10 Calculations Required for Placing Spotting Pills in an Open Hole Annulus	p. 96
2.11 Pressure Required to Break Circulation	p. 101
3 Drilling Fluids	p. 105
3.0 Mud Density Increase and Volume Change	p. 107
3.1 Mud Weight Reduction with Base Liquid Dilution	p. 116
3.2 Mixing Fluids of Different Densities	p. 118
3.3 Oil-Based Mud Calculations	p. 119
3.4 Solids Analysis	p. 123
3.5 Solids Fractions (Barite-Treated Muds)	p. 128
3.6 Dilution of Mud System	p. 129
3.7 Evaluation of Hydrocyclones	p. 131
3.8 Evaluation of Centrifuge	p. 132
4 Pressure Control: Kill Sheets and Related Calculations	p. 137
4.0 Normal Kill Sheet	p. 137
4.1 Calculations	p. 138
4.2 Kill Sheet with a Tapered String	p. 144
4.3 Kill Sheet for a Highly Deviated Well	p. 146
4.4 Prerecorded Information	p. 150
4.5 Kick Analysis	p. 159
4.6 Pressure Analysis	p. 172
4.7 Stripping/Snubbing Calculations	p. 175
4.8 Subsea Considerations	p. 179
4.9 Workover Operations	p. 188
4.10 Controlling Gas Migration	p. 193
4.11 Gas Lubrication	p. 196
4.12 Annular Stripping Procedures	p. 198
4.13 Worksheet	p. 199
5 Engineering Calculations	p. 203
5.0 Bit Nozzle Selection-Optimized Hydraulics	p. 203
5.1 Hydraulics Analysis	p. 209
5.2 Critical Annular Velocity and Critical Flow Rate	p. 212
5.3 The "d" Exponent	p. 214
5.4 Cuttings Slip Velocity	p. 215
5.5 Surge and Swab Pressures	p. 220
5.6 Equivalent Circulation Density (ECD)	p. 229
5.7 Fracture Gradient Determination-Surface Applications	p. 233
5.8 Fracture Gradient Determination-Subsea Applications	p. 237
5.9 Directional Drilling Calculations	p. 240
5.10 Miscellaneous Equations and Calculations	p. 247
6 Air and Gas Calculations	p. 253
Appendix A	p. 267
Appendix B	p. 275
Appendix C Average Annual Atmospheric Conditions	p. 279
Index	p. 285

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Author Notes

Table of Contents