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Summary
Summary
Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) is the newest wave in productivity. This revolutionary approach is an outcome of lean thinking; however, PLM eliminates waste and efficiency across all aspects of a product's life--from design to deployment--not just in its manufacture. By using people, product information, processes, and technology to reduce wasted time, energy, and material across an organization and into the supply chain, PLM drives the next generation of lean thinking.
Now PLM pioneer Michael Grieves offers everyone from Six Sigma and lean practitioners to supply chain managers, product developers, and consultants a proven framework for adopting this information-driven approach. Product Lifecycle Management shows you how to greatly enhance your firm's productivity by integrating the efforts of your entire organization.
Most companies are seeing the returns of their efforts in lean methods diminishing, as the most fruitful applications have already been addressed. Here, Grieves reveals how PLM gives you an opportunity to make improvements both within and across functional areas in order to increase agility, optimize efficiency, and reduce costs across the board. He gives you the most comprehensive view of PLM available, fully outlining its characteristics, method, and tools and helping you assess your organizational readiness.
There's also proven examples from the field, where PLM is being widely adopted by leading companies, including General Motors, General Electric, and Dell, that are widely adopting the approach. You'll see how PLM has saved these companies billions in unnecessary costs and shaved as much as 60% off cycle times. With this book you'll learn how to:
Develop and implement your PLM strategy to support your corporate objectives Engage all your employees in using information to eliminate waste Enable improved information flow Better organize and utilize your intellectual capital Foster an environment that drives PLMLean manufacturing can only take your organization so far. To bring your productivity to the next level and save remarkable amounts of time, money, and resources, Product Lifecycle Management is your one-stop, hands-on guide to implementing this powerful methodology.
Author Notes
Dr. Michael Grieves founded the Product Lifecycle Management Development Consortium, University of Michigan's College of Engineering and served as its Co-Director. He developed the first on-line Product Lifecycle Management Overview course for College's Center for Professional Development and organizes and chairs the annual University of Michigan AUTOe IT Conference. Grieves also is affiliated with the University of Arizona's internationally ranked MIS Department. Grieves works with PLM users and suppliers to companies such as General Electric, IBM, and Toyota on PLM strategies and implementations. With 35 years industry experience, Grieves is a principal in the international management and IT consulting firm Core Strategies Inc., and serves on the boards of a number of technology companies.
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments | p. xi |
Chapter 1 Introduction-The Path to PLM | p. 1 |
Information as a Substitute for Wasted Time, Energy, and Material | p. 6 |
The Trajectory of Computer Technology Development | p. 12 |
The Virtualization of Physical Objects | p. 16 |
The Distinction between Processes and Practices | p. 19 |
The Outline of the Book | p. 25 |
Chapter 2 Constructing PLM | p. 29 |
Defining PLM | p. 32 |
PLM Lifecycle Model | p. 40 |
Plan | p. 41 |
Design | p. 42 |
Build | p. 43 |
Support | p. 44 |
Dispose | p. 44 |
The Threads of PLM | p. 45 |
Computer Aided Design (CAD) | p. 46 |
Engineering Data Management (EDM) | p. 49 |
Product Data Management (PDM) | p. 52 |
Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) | p. 54 |
Weaving the Threads into PLM | p. 55 |
Comparing PLM to ERP | p. 56 |
Summary | p. 62 |
Chapter 3 Characteristics of PLM | p. 65 |
Information Silos | p. 65 |
Information Mirroring Model (IM Model) | p. 71 |
Characteristics of PLM | p. 77 |
Singularity | p. 78 |
Correspondence | p. 81 |
Cohesion | p. 83 |
Traceability | p. 86 |
Reflectiveness | p. 89 |
Cued Availability | p. 91 |
Summary | p. 93 |
Chapter 4 The Environment Driving PLM | p. 95 |
External Drivers | p. 96 |
Scale | p. 96 |
Complexity | p. 99 |
Cycle Times | p. 101 |
Globalization | p. 103 |
Regulation | p. 105 |
Internal Drivers | p. 109 |
Productivity | p. 110 |
Innovation | p. 112 |
Collaboration | p. 114 |
Quality | p. 115 |
Boardroom Driver-IT Value Map | p. 117 |
Income, Revenue, and Costs | p. 118 |
Comparing Lean Manufacturing, ERP, CRM, and PLM | p. 121 |
Summary | p. 127 |
Chapter 5 PLM Elements | p. 129 |
The Process/Practice versus Technology Matrix | p. 129 |
The People, Process/Practice, Information Technology Triangle | p. 133 |
People | p. 134 |
Process/Practice | p. 143 |
Technology | p. 152 |
Summary | p. 156 |
Chapter 6 Collaborative Product Development-Starting the Digital Lifecycle | p. 159 |
What Is Collaborative Product Development? | p. 159 |
Mapping Requirements to Specifications | p. 162 |
Part Numbering | p. 164 |
Engineering Vaulting | p. 167 |
Product Reuse | p. 168 |
Start and Smart Parts | p. 169 |
Engineering Change Management | p. 171 |
Collaboration Room | p. 172 |
Bill of Material and Process Consistency | p. 174 |
Digital Mock-Up and Prototype Development | p. 175 |
Design for the Environment (DfE) | p. 178 |
Virtual Testing and Validation | p. 180 |
Marketing Collateral | p. 181 |
Summary | p. 183 |
Chapter 7 Digital Manufacturing-PLM in the Factory | p. 185 |
What Is Digital Manufacturing? | p. 185 |
Early Promise of Digital Manufacturing | p. 189 |
Manufacturing the First One, Ramp Up, and Manufacturing the Rest of Them | p. 192 |
Manufacturing the First One | p. 193 |
Ramp Up | p. 204 |
Manufacturing the Rest | p. 207 |
Production Planning | p. 208 |
Summary | p. 213 |
Chapter 8 Outside the Factory Door | p. 217 |
Costs Do Not Stop at the Factory Door | p. 217 |
Quality Scrap Production | p. 218 |
Product Liability | p. 220 |
Warranty | p. 222 |
Quality in Use, Not in Theory | p. 223 |
Product Usability | p. 225 |
New Revenue Model Opportunities | p. 226 |
Repair Services | p. 226 |
Product Extension Services | p. 228 |
End of Life Recycling and Disposal | p. 229 |
Summary | p. 231 |
Chapter 9 Developing a PLM Strategy | p. 233 |
What Is Strategy? | p. 233 |
A Vision of Tomorrow | p. 234 |
A Realistic Assessment of Today | p. 237 |
Plan for Bridging the Gap | p. 239 |
Capabilities and Resources Required | p. 240 |
Impact of Strategy | p. 244 |
Implementing a PLM Strategy-Lessons Learned | p. 247 |
Top Management Is Engaged, Not Just Involved | p. 248 |
Project Leaders Are Veterans and Team Members Are Decision Makers | p. 250 |
Third Parties Fill Gaps in Expertise and Transfer Knowledge | p. 252 |
Change Management Goes Hand in Hand with Project Management | p. 253 |
The Final Success Factor Is That a Satisficing Mindset Prevails | p. 254 |
Acting Like the CXO | p. 254 |
Find PLM Initiatives to Support Corporate Objectives | p. 255 |
See Beyond Functional Barriers | p. 256 |
Watch for Optimal Decisions That Are Suboptimal | p. 257 |
Stretch Change Muscle | p. 258 |
Think "One Organization" | p. 258 |
Summary | p. 259 |
Chapter 10 Conducting a PLM Readiness Assessment | p. 263 |
Infrastructure Assessment | p. 263 |
Adequateness of the Current Technology | p. 265 |
Scalability of the Technology | p. 267 |
Modularity of the Technology | p. 267 |
Openness of the Technology | p. 268 |
Assessment of Current Systems and Applications | p. 269 |
People Assessment | p. 271 |
Process/Practice Assessment | p. 275 |
Capability Maturity Model Assessment | p. 277 |
Assessment Cautions | p. 288 |
Summary | p. 290 |
Chapter 11 The Real World and the Universe of Possibilities for PLM | p. 293 |
Technology | p. 296 |
People | p. 300 |
Processes/Practices | p. 301 |
Index | p. 305 |