Analysis, design and measurement of small and low-profile antennas

Title:

Publication Information:

Boston : Artech House, 1992

ISBN:

9780890064863

Subject Term:

Antennas (Electronics) -- Design and construction

Moments method (Statistics)

Added Author:

Hirasawa, Kazuhiro

Haneishi, Misao

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000002503690	TK7871.6 A52 1992	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Tutorial in nature, this book is based on a series of papers presented at a workshop in Japan. It constitutes the first single-volume guide to the basic methods of analyzing microstrip patch antennas, and the characteristics of rectangular, circular and arbitrarily shaped patch antennas. Supported by 273 equations, tables and illustrations this book should prove a useful tool for anyone doing applied research in antennas.

Kazuhiro Hirasawa and Misao HaneishiKazuhiro HirasawaMisao HaneishiYasuo SuzukiTokio TagaTadashi TakanoHiroshi OkamuraTakashi KatagiKyohei Fujimoto

Preface	p. xiii
Chapter 1 Introduction	p. 1
Chapter 2 How to Apply the Moment Method to Wire Antenna Analysis	p. 7
2.1 Introduction	p. 7
2.2 Moment Method Formulation	p. 8
2.2.1 Boundary Condition and Formulation	p. 8
2.2.2 Network Equivalence	p. 14
2.2.3 Calculation of Z[subscript mn]	p. 15
2.2.4 Impedance Loading	p. 15
2.3 Transmitting Antennas	p. 17
2.3.1 Current Distribution and Input Impedance	p. 17
2.3.2 Radiation Pattern and Power Gain	p. 19
2.3.3 Efficiency	p. 21
2.4 Receiving Antennas	p. 22
2.4.1 Current Distribution and Received Power	p. 22
2.4.2 Effective Area	p. 26
2.4.3 Scattering Cross Section	p. 27
2.5 Enhancement of Antenna Performance by Reactive Loading	p. 28
2.5.1 VSWR	p. 28
2.5.2 Power Gain	p. 29
2.5.3 Scattering Cross Section	p. 30
2.6 Antenna Characteristic Analysis Program (ACAP)	p. 31
2.6.1 Input of Antenna Geometry	p. 32
2.6.2 Wire Connection Treatment	p. 32
2.6.3 Output of Antenna Characteristics	p. 34
2.7 Conclusions	p. 37
Appendix 2 ACAP Program	p. 39
Chapter 3 Evaluation of the Basic Performance of Microstrip Antennas	p. 53
3.1 Introduction	p. 53
3.2 Basic Properties of Microstrip Antennas	p. 53
3.2.1 Radiation Pattern	p. 53
3.2.2 Resonant Frequency of the MSA	p. 57
3.2.3 Unloaded Q(Q[subscript o]), Radiation Efficiency [eta] Bandwidth (BW), and Directivity Gain (G[subscript d])	p. 58
3.2.4 Impedance Characteristics	p. 61
3.3 Influence of the Finite Ground Plane on Radiation Pattern	p. 66
3.3.1 Estimation of the E-Plane Pattern	p. 67
3.3.2 Estimation of the H-Plane Pattern	p. 68
3.4 Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas	p. 68
3.5 Characteristics of Small Microstrip Antennas	p. 71
3.5.1 Basic Configuration	p. 71
3.5.2 Radiation Efficiency [eta] and Frequency Bandwidth (BW)	p. 72
3.5.3 Shorted-Plane-Controlled Type of MSA	p. 73
3.6 Beam Shaping of Microstrip Antennas	p. 75
3.7 Some Considerations on Planar Arrays Composed of MSA	p. 78
3.8 Conclusions	p. 80
Chapter 4 Key Points in the Design and Measurement of Microstrip Antennas	p. 83
4.1 Introduction	p. 83
4.2 Basic Theory	p. 84
4.2.1 Transmission-Line Model	p. 84
4.2.2 Cavity Model	p. 97
4.3 Design Procedure	p. 111
4.3.1 Typical Design Procedure	p. 111
4.3.2 Design Procedure Considering Bandwidth	p. 113
4.3.3 Design Example	p. 119
4.3.4 Error Estimation	p. 124
4.4 Wideband Techniques	p. 126
4.4.1 Various Techniques	p. 126
4.4.2 Some Problems and Corresponding Measures That Can Be Taken	p. 136
4.5 Circular Polarization	p. 144
4.5.1 Dual-Feed Type	p. 144
4.5.2 Single-Feed Type	p. 144
4.6 Conclusions	p. 155
Chapter 5 Analysis of Planar Inverted-F Antennas and Antenna Design for Portable Radio Equipment	p. 161
5.1 Introduction	p. 161
5.2 Analysis by Spatial Network Method (SNM)	p. 162
5.2.1 Analysis Model	p. 162
5.2.2 Effects of Analysis Area Size	p. 163
5.3 Numerical Results	p. 165
5.3.1 Electric Field and Current Distribution	p. 165
5.3.2 Resonant Frequency	p. 169
5.3.3 Bandwidth	p. 174
5.4 Design of a Planar Inverted-F Antenna on a Portable Radio Housing	p. 175
5.4.1 Resonant Frequency	p. 175
5.4.2 Bandwidth	p. 175
5.4.3 Effective Gain in Mobile Radio Environment	p. 177
5.5 Conclusions	p. 179
Chapter 6 Design and Analysis of Small-Aperture Antennas	p. 181
6.1 Introduction	p. 181
6.2 Directivity Decomposition of Aperture Antennas	p. 184
6.3 Directivity Calculation Method	p. 187
6.4 Remarks on Radiated Field Calculation of Small-Aperture Antennas	p. 190
6.4.1 Problems	p. 190
6.4.2 Diffraction Effects at Reflector Edges	p. 190
6.4.3 Applicability of the Aperture Field Method in Relation to the Distance From an Antenna	p. 192
6.4.4 Geometrical Theory of Diffraction (GTD) and its Applicability	p. 194
6.5 Examples of Small-Aperture Antenna Design	p. 196
6.5.1 Axisymmetrical Cassegrain Antenna	p. 196
6.5.2 Shaped Offset Dual-Reflector Antenna	p. 200
6.5.3 Short Backfire Antenna	p. 202
6.6 Conclusions	p. 205
Chapter 7 Design and Measurement of Small AM Broadcasting Antennas	p. 207
7.1 Introduction	p. 207
7.2 Design	p. 207
7.2.1 Construction	p. 207
7.2.2 Feed-Point Impedance	p. 209
7.2.3 Lower Limit of Antenna Efficiency Regulated by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (Japan)	p. 210
7.3 Antenna Efficiency	p. 211
7.4 Measurement	p. 214
7.4.1 Ground Conductivity and Grounding Resistance	p. 214
7.4.2 Impedance Meter	p. 215
7.4.3 Antenna Efficiency	p. 215
7.5 Techniques for Small AM Broadcasting Antennas	p. 216
7.5.1 Base-Insulated and Guyed Antennas	p. 217
7.5.2 Base-Insulated and Self-Supporting Antennas	p. 218
7.5.3 Base-Grounded and Self-Supporting Antennas	p. 219
Chapter 8 Mutual Coupling Effects Between Antenna Elements on Antenna Performance	p. 221
8.1 Introduction	p. 221
8.2 The Effects of Mutual Coupling Between Antenna Elements on Antenna Performance	p. 221
8.3 Reduction of Mutual Coupling Effects	p. 225
8.4 Analysis and Measurement of Mutual Coupling	p. 228
8.4.1 Analysis of Mutual Coupling	p. 228
8.4.2 Measurement of Mutual Coupling	p. 233
8.5 Use of Mutual Coupling Effects	p. 236
8.6 Conclusions	p. 238
Chapter 9 Some Considerations of Small Antenna Measurements	p. 241
9.1 Introduction	p. 241
9.2 Definition of Small Antennas	p. 242
9.3 Things to Consider Prior to Measurement	p. 243
9.3.1 Small Antennas	p. 243
9.3.2 Antenna Structure	p. 246
9.3.3 Balanced-Unbalanced Transformation	p. 247
9.3.4 The Effect of Nearby Conducting Materials	p. 249
9.3.5 The Accuracy, Precision, and Stability of the Instrument	p. 250
9.3.6 Other Factors	p. 250
9.4 Measurements	p. 251
9.4.1 Impedance	p. 251
9.4.2 Radiation Pattern	p. 254
9.4.3 Efficiency	p. 257
9.4.4 Gain	p. 262
9.5 Related Subjects	p. 263
9.5.1 Environmental Effects	p. 263
9.5.2 Skill in Performing Measurement	p. 264
9.6 Conclusions	p. 264
Index	p. 267

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