CAMEL : intelligent networks for the GSM, GPRS and UMTS network

Title:

Personal Author:

Noldus, Rogier

Publication Information:

Chichester,West Sussex, England : John Wiley & Sons, 2006

ISBN:

9780470016947

Subject Term:

Computer networks

Artificial intelligence

Global system for mobile communications

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010128757	TK5105.84 N64 2006	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Summary

Learn how to use CAMEL to transfer the Intelligent Network concept to the mobile world!

CAMEL (Customized Application for the Mobile network Enhanced Logic) is a standard for Intelligent Networks for mobile communications networks. It is currently deployed in all regions of the world, enabling mobile network operators to offer fast and efficient services to their subscribers.

This book is an in-depth and dedicated reference on CAMEL, taking the reader through the history and development of Intelligent Networks and the essential principles of CAMEL, to the future of the technology. The author provides guidance on the various standards and specifications, and explains not only how CAMEL works but also why it works this way. Practical hints on the installation of CAMEL in the network are given throughout the book.

CAMEL: Intelligent Networks for the GSM, GPRS and UMTS Network:

Offers a comprehensive guide to implementing CAMEL. Gives a complete picture, including the network entities & data flows involved. Describes and explains the four CAMEL phases and their aspects. Presents an overview of the principles of Intelligent Networks, such as Finite State Machines, Trigger Detection Points, Event Detection Points and dialogue, essential to understanding CAMEL. Covers charging and accounting issues, and the impact of CAMEL on the charging system in the mobile network. Provides practical hints over and above those mentioned in the formal specifications.

This text will be an invaluable resource for intelligent network service logic designers, service network designers, network engineers, and GSM/UMTS network designers and implementers. Advanced students on courses such as 'Intelligent Networks', 'Value Added Services', and 'Service Networks' will also find it an excellent guide to the topic.

Author Notes

Rogier Noldus is Senior Specialist, Intelligent Networks, at Ericsson Telecommunications, Netherlands. Within Ericsson, he is responsible for the development and implementation of the CAMEL technology. Rogier has played a key role in the development of the CAMEL standard in ETSI and 3GPP. He has chaired various conferences on CAMEL, has been speaker at various other international conferences, and represents Ericsson at the ETSI and 3GPP standardization organizations.

Keijo PalviainenGerry Christensen

Foreword	p. xiii
Foreword	p. xv
Preface	p. xvii
1 Introduction to GSM Networks	p. 1
1.1 Signalling in GSM	p. 3
1.2 GSM Mobility	p. 3
1.3 Mobile Station	p. 4
1.4 Identifiers in the GSM Network	p. 4
1.4.1 International Mobile Subscriber Identity	p. 4
1.4.2 Mobile Station Integrated Services Digital Network Number (MSISDN Number)	p. 5
1.4.3 International Mobile Equipment Identifier	p. 6
1.4.4 Mobile Station Roaming Number	p. 6
1.5 Basic Services	p. 6
1.5.1 Tele Services	p. 7
1.5.2 Bearer Services	p. 7
1.5.3 Circuit Bearer Description	p. 7
1.6 Supplementary Services	p. 9
2 Introduction to Intelligent Networks	p. 11
2.1 History of Intelligent Networks	p. 11
2.2 Principles of Intelligent Networks	p. 12
2.3 Service Switching Function	p. 14
2.4 Service Control Function	p. 15
2.5 Basic Call State Model	p. 15
2.6 Dialogue Handling	p. 17
2.6.1 DP Arming/Disarming Rules	p. 17
2.6.2 Control vs Monitor Relationship	p. 18
2.7 Evolution of the CAMEL Standard	p. 19
2.7.1 Third-generation Partnership Project	p. 19
2.7.2 CAMEL Standards and Specifications	p. 21
2.8 Principles of CAMEL	p. 22
2.8.1 Location Update Procedure	p. 22
2.8.2 CAMEL Application Part	p. 24
2.8.3 Abstract Syntax Notation	p. 26
2.8.4 Application Context	p. 28
2.9 Signalling for CAMEL	p. 28
2.9.1 Message Transfer Part	p. 29
2.9.2 Signalling Connection Control Part	p. 29
2.9.3 Transaction Capabilities	p. 32
2.10 Dynamic Load Sharing	p. 34
2.11 Using Signalling Point Code for Addressing in HPLMN	p. 35
3 CAMEL Phase 1	p. 37
3.1 Architecture for CAMEL Phase 1	p. 37
3.1.1 Functional Entities	p. 37
3.1.2 Information Flows	p. 42
3.2 Feature Description	p. 45
3.2.1 Mobile-originated Calls	p. 46
3.2.2 Mobile-terminated Calls	p. 49
3.2.3 Mobile-forwarded Calls	p. 55
3.2.4 Any-time Interrogation	p. 62
3.3 Subscription Data	p. 65
3.3.1 Originating CSI and Terminating CSI	p. 66
3.4 Basic Call State Model	p. 69
3.4.1 Originating Basic Call State Model	p. 69
3.4.2 Terminating Basic Call State Model	p. 70
3.4.3 Detection Points	p. 70
3.4.4 Points in Call	p. 72
3.4.5 BCSM State Transitions	p. 73
3.4.6 gsmSSF Process	p. 73
3.4.7 Tssf Timer	p. 74
3.5 CAMEL Application Part	p. 75
3.5.1 Initial DP	p. 75
3.5.2 Request Report BCSM	p. 76
3.5.3 Event Report BCSM	p. 76
3.5.4 Continue	p. 76
3.5.5 Connect	p. 77
3.5.6 Release Call	p. 78
3.5.7 Activity Test	p. 79
3.6 Service Examples	p. 79
3.6.1 Virtual Private Network	p. 79
3.6.2 Pre-paid Route Home	p. 80
3.6.3 Short Number Dialling with CLI Guarantee	p. 82
4 CAMEL Phase 2	p. 85
4.1 Introduction	p. 85
4.2 Architecture	p. 87
4.2.1 Functional Entities	p. 87
4.2.2 Information Flows	p. 89
4.3 Feature Description	p. 92
4.3.1 On-line Charging Control	p. 92
4.3.2 Call Forwarding Notifications	p. 112
4.3.3 Follow-on Calls	p. 117
4.3.4 User Interaction	p. 123
4.3.5 Equal Access	p. 139
4.3.6 Enhancement of Call Control	p. 141
4.3.7 Supplementary Service Invocation Notification	p. 144
4.3.8 Short Forwarded-to Numbers	p. 146
4.3.9 Conditional Triggering	p. 149
4.3.10 USSD control	p. 154
4.4 Subscription Data	p. 160
4.4.1 Originating CSI	p. 161
4.4.2 Terminating CSI	p. 161
4.4.3 Supplementary Service CSI	p. 161
4.4.4 Translation Information Flag CSI	p. 162
4.4.5 Unstructured Supplementary Service Data CSI	p. 162
4.4.6 USSD Generic CSI	p. 162
4.5 Basic Call State Model	p. 162
4.5.1 Originating Basic Call State Model	p. 162
4.5.2 Terminating Basic Call State Model	p. 169
4.6 CAMEL Phase 2 Relationship	p. 173
4.6.1 CAP v2 operations	p. 173
4.7 Interaction with GSM Supplementary Services	p. 174
4.7.1 Line Identification	p. 174
4.7.2 Call Forwarding	p. 176
4.7.3 Explicit Call Transfer	p. 177
4.7.4 Call Waiting	p. 178
4.7.5 Call Hold	p. 178
4.7.6 Completion of Calls to Busy Subscribers	p. 179
4.7.7 Multi-party	p. 179
4.7.8 Closed User Group	p. 180
4.7.9 Call Barring	p. 180
4.7.10 User-to-user Signalling	p. 181
4.7.11 Call Deflection	p. 181
4.8 Interaction with Network Services	p. 182
4.8.1 Basic Optimal Routing	p. 182
4.8.2 Immediate Service Termination	p. 184
4.8.3 Operator-determined Barring	p. 185
4.8.4 High-speed Circuit-switched Data	p. 185
4.8.5 Multiple Subscriber Profile	p. 186
5 CAMEL Phase 3	p. 187
5.1 General Third-generation Networks	p. 187
5.1.1 UMTS Network Architecture	p. 187
5.1.2 2G Cell Planning vs 3G Cell Planning	p. 188
5.1.3 Location Information	p. 189
5.1.4 Split-MSC Architecture	p. 194
5.1.5 CAMEL Phase 3 Features	p. 196
5.2 Call Control	p. 196
5.2.1 Subscribed Dialled Services	p. 196
5.2.2 Serving Network-based Dialled Services	p. 202
5.2.3 CAMEL Control of Mobile Terminated Calls in VMSC	p. 203
5.2.4 CAMEL Service Invocation at Call Failure	p. 206
5.2.5 Service Interaction Contml	p. 207
5.2.6 Call Gapping	p. 211
5.2.7 Support of Long Forwarded-to numbers	p. 213
5.2.8 On-line Charging Enhancements	p. 215
5.2.9 Multiple Subscriber Profile	p. 219
5.2.10 Other Enhancements to CAP	p. 223
5.3 CAMEL Control of GPRS	p. 224
5.3.1 Network Architecture	p. 224
5.3.2 Subscription Data	p. 228
5.3.3 GPRS State Models	p. 229
5.3.4 CAP v3 Operations for GPRS	p. 247
5.3.5 On-line Charging for GPRS	p. 247
5.3.6 Quality of Service	p. 252
5.3.7 Routing Area Update	p. 254
5.3.8 Network-initiated PDP Context Establishment	p. 256
5.3.9 Secondary PDP Context	p. 256
5.3.10 Impact on CDRs	p. 257
5.3.11 Operator-determined Barring	p. 259
5.3.12 GPRS Roaming Scenarios	p. 259
5.3.13 Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution	p. 260
5.4 CAMEL Control of MO-SMS	p. 260
5.4.1 Network Architecture	p. 261
5.4.2 CAMEL Control of MO-SMS	p. 263
5.4.3 Subscription Data	p. 265
5.4.4 SMS State Model	p. 265
5.4.5 Information Flows	p. 266
5.4.6 Information Reporting and SMS Steering	p. 267
5.4.7 Charging and Call Detail Records	p. 269
5.4.8 Supplementary Services and Operator-determined Barring	p. 270
5.4.9 Service Examples	p. 271
5.4.10 International Roaming	p. 271
5.5 Mobility Management	p. 273
5.5.1 Description	p. 273
5.5.2 Subscription Data	p. 274
5.5.3 Information Flows	p. 275
5.5.4 Service Examples	p. 275
5.6 CAMEL Interaction with Location Services	p. 277
5.6.1 Description	p. 277
5.7 Active Location Retrieval	p. 278
5.8 Subscription Data Control	p. 280
5.8.1 Network Architecture	p. 281
5.8.2 Any-time Subscription Interrogation	p. 281
5.8.3 Any-time Modification	p. 281
5.8.4 Notify Subscriber Data Change	p. 283
5.9 Enhancement to USSD	p. 283
5.10 Pre-paging	p. 284
6 CAMEL Phase 4	p. 285
6.1 General	p. 285
6.1.1 Specifications Used for CAMEL Phase 4	p. 285
6.1.2 Partial CAMEL Phase 4 Support	p. 286
6.2 Call Control	p. 289
6.2.1 Basic Call State Models	p. 290
6.2.2 Call Party Handling	p. 290
6.2.3 Network-initiated Call Establishment	p. 305
6.2.4 Optimal Routing of Basic Mobile-to-mobile Calls	p. 309
6.2.5 Alerting Detection Point	p. 310
6.2.6 Mid-call Detection Point	p. 312
6.2.7 Change of Position Detection Point	p. 314
6.2.8 Flexible Warning Tone	p. 316
6.2.9 Tone Injection	p. 317
6.2.10 Enhancement to Call Forwarding Notification	p. 318
6.2.11 Control of Video Telephony Calls	p. 319
6.2.12 Control of SCUDIF Calls	p. 321
6.2.13 Reporting IMEI and MS Classmark	p. 323
6.3 GPRS Control	p. 324
6.4 SMS Control	p. 325
6.4.1 Mobile-originated SMS Control	p. 325
6.4.2 Mobile-terminated SMS Control	p. 326
6.5 Mobility Management	p. 331
6.5.1 Subscription Data	p. 332
6.6 Any-time Interrogation	p. 334
6.6.1 ATI for CS Domain	p. 334
6.6.2 ATI for PS Domain	p. 335
6.7 Subscription Data Control	p. 336
6.8 Mobile Number Portability	p. 336
6.8.1 Call Routing	p. 337
6.8.2 MNP SRF Query by gsmSCF	p. 340
6.8.3 Non-standard MNP Solutions	p. 341
6.9 Control of IP Multimedia Calls	p. 342
6.9.1 Rationale of CAMEL Control of IMS	p. 345
6.9.2 The IM-SSF	p. 346
6.9.3 Registration	p. 347
6.9.4 IMS Call Control	p. 348
6.9.5 CAMEL Application Part for IMS Control	p. 350
6.9.6 Supported Call Cases for IMS Control	p. 353
6.9.7 Service Example	p. 353
7 Charging and Accounting	p. 355
7.1 Architecture	p. 355
7.2 Call Detail Records	p. 355
7.2.1 Overview of Call Detail Records	p. 356
7.2.2 CAMEL-relaied Parameters in CDRs	p. 358
7.2.3 Composite CDRs	p. 359
7.3 Transfer Account Procedure Files	p. 359
7.4 Inter-operator Accounting of CAMEL Calls	p. 361
7.4.1 Clearing House	p. 365
7.4.2 CAMEL Invocation Fee	p. 366
7.5 Correlation of Call Detail Records	p. 366
7.5.1 Call Reference Number	p. 367
7.5.2 MF Calls	p. 368
7.5.3 SCP-initiated Calls	p. 369
7.6 Global Call Reference	p. 369
7.7 Call Party Handling CDRs	p. 370
8 3GPP Rel-6 and Beyond	p. 371
8.1 General	p. 371
8.1.1 Capability Negotiation	p. 372
8.2 Enhancements to 3GPP Rel-6	p. 373
8.2.1 Enhanced Dialled Service	p. 373
8.2.2 Handover Notification Criteria	p. 375
8.2.3 Enhancement to SCUDIF Control	p. 376
8.2.4 Reporting User-to-user Information	p. 376
8.2.5 Enhancement to User Interaction	p. 378
8.3 Enhancements to 3GPP Rel-7	p. 379
8.3.1 Trunk-originated Triggering	p. 379
Appendix	p. 383
A.1 Overview of CAP Operations	p. 383
A.2 Overview of MAP Operations	p. 384
A.3 Overview of ISUP Messages	p. 386
A.4 Overview of CAMEL Subscription Information	p. 386
References	p. 389
Abbreviations	p. 395
Index	p. 401

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Summary

Summary

Author Notes

Table of Contents