Ultra-wideband wireless communications and networks

Title:

Publication Information:

Chichester : Wiley, 2006

ISBN:

9780470011447

Subject Term:

Broadband communication systems

Wireless communication systems

Ultra-wideband devices

Added Author:

Shen, X. (Xuemin), 1958-

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010098214	TK5103.4 U57 2006	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
Searching... PSZ KL	30000010150305	TK5103.4 U57 2006	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Summary

Learn about Ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission - the most talked about application in wireless communications.

UWB wireless communication is a revolutionary technology for transmitting large amounts of digital data over a wide spectrum of frequency bands with very low power for a short distance. This exciting new text covers the fundamental aspects of UWB wireless communications systems for short-range communications. It also focuses on more advanced information about networks and applications. Chapters include: Radio Propagation and Large Scale Variations, Pulse Propagation and Channel Modelling, MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output) RF Subsystems and Ad Hoc Networks.

Focuses on UWB wireless communications rather than UWB radar, which has been covered before. Provides long and short-term academic and technological value. Teaches readers the fundamentals, challenges and up-to-date technical processes in this field.

Author Notes

Professor Xuemin Shen works in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada. His research interests are Wireless/Internet interworking, Resource and mobility management, Voice over mobile IP, WiFi, WAP, Bluetooth, UWB wireless applications, ad hoc wireless networks.

Dr. Mohsen Guizani is Professor and Chair of the Department of Computer Science at Western Michigan university. Dr. Guizani's research interests include Computer Networks, Wireless Communications and Computing, Design and Analysis of Computer Systems, and Optical Networking. He is the founder and Editor-In-Chief of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Journal, published by John Wiley.

Professor Robert Caiming works in the Center for Manufacturing Research/Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Tennessee Technological University, USA. His research interests include Wireless communications and systems (3G, 4G, UWB), Radar/communications signal processing and Time-domain Electromagnetics.

Professor Tho Le-Ngoc works in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at McGill University. His research interests include Broadband Communications: Advanced Transmission, Multiple-Access and Dynamic Capacity Allocation Techniques.

Robert Caiming Qiu and Xuemin (Sherman) Shen and Mohsen Guizani and Tho Le-NgocUzoma A. Onunkwo and Ye (Geoffrey) LiRobert Caiming QiuZhi Tian and Georgios B. GiannakisHuaping LiuSebastian Hoyos and Brian M. SadlerZhengyuan XuZihua Quo and Richard YaoXuemin (Sherman) Shen and Weihua Zhuang and Hai Jiang and Jun CaiJay E. PadgettLiuqing Yang and Georgios B. GiannakisKegen Yu and Harri Saarnisaari and Jean-Philippe Montillet and Alberto Rabbachin and Ian Oppermann and Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu

List of Contributors	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
1 Introduction	p. 1
1.1 Fundamentals	p. 1
1.1.1 Overview of UWB	p. 1
1.1.2 History	p. 2
1.1.3 Regulatory	p. 2
1.1.4 Applications	p. 2
1.1.5 Pulse- or Multicarrier-Based UWB	p. 3
1.2 Issues Unique to UWB	p. 4
1.2.1 Antennas	p. 4
1.2.2 Propagation and Channel Model	p. 4
1.2.3 Modulations	p. 5
1.2.4 A/D Sampling	p. 6
1.2.5 Timing Acquisition	p. 7
1.2.6 Receiver Structures	p. 7
1.2.7 Multiple Access	p. 8
1.3 Emerging Technologies	p. 8
1.3.1 Low-Complexity Noncoherent Receivers	p. 8
1.3.2 Location-Based Sensor Networks	p. 9
1.3.3 Time Reversal	p. 9
1.3.4 MAC	p. 10
1.3.5 Future Directions	p. 12
References	p. 13
2 Modulation and Signal Detection in UWB	p. 15
2.1 Overview	p. 15
2.1.1 Evolution and Definition	p. 15
2.1.2 Major Differences from Narrowband and CDMA Systems	p. 16
2.1.3 Types of UWB Modulation	p. 16
2.1.4 UWB Applications	p. 16
2.2 Single-Carrier-Based Modulation	p. 17
2.2.1 Time-Hopping PPM	p. 17
2.2.2 Other Types of Modulations	p. 21
2.2.3 Channel Estimation	p. 23
2.2.4 Signal Detection	p. 27
2.3 OFDM-Based Modulation	p. 29
2.3.1 Basic OFDM for UWB	p. 29
2.3.2 Channel Estimation	p. 30
2.3.3 Interference Suppression	p. 31
2.4 Conclusion and Further Reading	p. 34
References	p. 34
3 UWB Pulse Propagation and Detection	p. 37
3.1 Introduction	p. 37
3.2 UWB Pulse Propagation	p. 37
3.2.1 Generalized Multipath Model	p. 37
3.2.2 IEEE 802.15.4a Channel Model	p. 39
3.3 UWB Pulse Signal Detection	p. 39
3.3.1 Optimum Receiver	p. 39
3.3.2 Generalized Rake Receiver	p. 41
3.3.3 Optimum Receiver with Intersymbol Interference	p. 44
3.3.4 Receiver with Time-Reversal Channel Impulse Response	p. 47
3.3.5 Optimum Receiver with Multiuser Detection	p. 48
References	p. 51
4 Timing Synchronization for UWB Impulse Radios	p. 53
4.1 Introduction	p. 53
4.2 Signal Model	p. 55
4.3 Signal Detection and Symbol-Level Acquisition	p. 57
4.3.1 Analog Energy Detectors	p. 57
4.3.2 Discrete-Time Energy Detectors	p. 57
4.4 SAT and MAT: Templates with and without Timing	p. 59
4.5 Coarse Synchronization Using Symbol-Rate Samples	p. 60
4.5.1 Discrete-Time Correlator Output Model under Mistiming	p. 61
4.5.2 CML Timing Synchronization	p. 62
4.5.3 Analytic and Simulated Performance	p. 62
4.6 Synchronization with Flexible Timing Resolution	p. 64
4.6.1 Timing-Offset Search via Sample Mean Square	p. 64
4.6.2 Timing-Offset Search via Cross-Correlation Mean Square	p. 66
4.6.3 Comparative Study and Implementation Aspects	p. 68
4.7 Timing Acquisition for Ad Hoc Multiple Access	p. 70
4.7.1 Training-Based Multiuser TOE	p. 70
4.7.2 Blind Synchronization for Multiuser Ad Hoc Access	p. 71
4.7.3 TOE Performance Analysis	p. 75
4.8 Demodulation and BER Sensitivity to Mistiming	p. 76
4.9 Concluding Summary	p. 78
References	p. 79
5 Error Performance of Pulsed Ultra-wideband Systems in Indoor Environments	p. 83
5.1 Introduction	p. 83
5.2 System Model	p. 85
5.3 Error Performance in Indoor Environments	p. 89
5.3.1 Pulse Amplitude Modulation and Pulse Position Modulation	p. 90
5.3.2 Receiver with Self-Derived Template Waveforms	p. 92
5.3.3 System with Multiple Antennas	p. 95
References	p. 101
6 Mixed-Signal Ultra-wideband Communications Receivers	p. 103
6.1 Introduction	p. 103
6.2 Analog-to-Digital Conversion via Signal Expansion	p. 105
6.3 Mixed-Signal Communication Receivers Based on A/D Conversion via Signal Expansion	p. 107
6.3.1 Transmitted Signal and Channel Model	p. 107
6.3.2 Digital Linear Receivers Based on ADC via Signal Expansion	p. 107
6.4 Analog-to-Digital Conversion in the Frequency Domain	p. 109
6.5 Frequency-Domain Mixed-Signal Receivers	p. 111
6.5.1 Multicarrier Communication Systems Based on A/D Conversion in the Frequency Domain	p. 111
6.5.2 Relationship to the Fourier Series Coefficients	p. 117
6.5.3 Mixed-Signal Transmitted-Reference Receiver	p. 118
6.6 Conclusions	p. 124
References	p. 125
7 Trends in Ultra-wideband Transceiver Design	p. 127
7.1 Introduction	p. 127
7.2 Status of UWB Transceiver Design	p. 128
7.3 Digital UWB Receivers	p. 130
7.3.1 PPM-Based TH-UWB System Model	p. 131
7.3.2 Channel Estimation Techniques	p. 132
7.3.3 Design of Linear Receivers	p. 133
7.3.4 Some Thoughts about Complexity Reduction	p. 134
7.3.5 Finite Resolution Digital Receivers	p. 135
7.4 Analog/Digital UWB Transceivers	p. 136
7.4.1 Near Full-Rate TR Transceivers	p. 136
7.4.2 Full-Rate TR Transceivers	p. 144
7.5 Conclusions	p. 149
Acknowledgments	p. 149
References	p. 149
8 UWB MAC and Ad Hoc Networks	p. 155
8.1 Introduction	p. 155
8.1.1 Overview of IEEE 802.15.3 MAC	p. 155
8.1.2 Overview of MBOA MAC	p. 157
8.2 QoS Scheduling in PNC	p. 158
8.2.1 Problem Definition	p. 159
8.2.2 Deadline-Aware Scheduling Algorithm	p. 160
8.2.3 Calculation of the Reserved CTA	p. 161
8.2.4 Simulation Results	p. 161
8.3 Power Management in IEEE 802.15.3	p. 163
8.3.1 Problem Definition	p. 164
8.3.2 Proposed Approach	p. 165
8.3.3 Simulation Results	p. 167
8.4 Adaptive Dly-ACK	p. 168
8.4.1 Problem Definition	p. 170
8.4.2 Adaptive Dly-ACK	p. 172
8.4.3 Simulation Results	p. 177
8.5 Ad Hoc Networks	p. 183
8.5.1 Child Piconet	p. 183
8.5.2 Independent Piconets	p. 184
8.6 Summary	p. 187
References	p. 187
9 Radio Resource Management for Ultra-wideband Communications	p. 189
9.1 Introduction	p. 189
9.2 Radio Resource Management	p. 191
9.2.1 Pulse-Based UWB Physical Layer Characteristics	p. 191
9.2.2 Challenges and Opportunities	p. 192
9.3 Multiple Access	p. 193
9.3.1 Exclusive versus Concurrent Transmissions	p. 193
9.3.2 Code Assignment	p. 194
9.3.3 Interference Mitigation in TH-UWB	p. 196
9.4 Overhead Reduction	p. 197
9.4.1 ACK Mechanisms	p. 198
9.4.2 Long Acquisition Time	p. 199
9.5 Power/Rate Allocation	p. 200
9.5.1 Power Allocation	p. 200
9.5.2 Rate Guarantee	p. 202
9.5.3 Rate Control	p. 203
9.5.4 Cross-Layer Design	p. 205
9.6 Conclusions	p. 206
References	p. 207
10 Pulsed UWB Interference to Narrowband Receivers	p. 211
10.1 Introduction	p. 211
10.2 Pulsed UWB Signal Model	p. 212
10.3 Narrowband Receiver Model	p. 216
10.4 Equivalent Receiver Model and Response to a Pulse	p. 218
10.5 Response to a Pulse Sequence	p. 220
10.6 Simulating the Response to a Pulse Sequence	p. 223
10.6.1 I/Q Component Formulation	p. 223
10.6.2 Simulation Parameters	p. 224
10.6.3 Normalization	p. 224
10.6.4 Example Filter Response: The n-Pole Filter	p. 225
10.7 General Properties of the IF Output	p. 227
10.7.1 Case 1: Pulse Rate Less than IF Bandwidth	p. 111
10.7.2 Case 2: Pulse Rate Greater than IF Bandwidth	p. 228
10.8 Power Spectral Density	p. 230
10.9 Discrete PDF PSD Example: Equally Spaced, Equally Likely Time Offsets	p. 233
10.10 Continuous PDF PSD Examples	p. 239
10.10.1 The Poisson Process	p. 239
10.10.2 Continuous PDF Uniform Random Pulse Position	p. 240
10.11 Comparison of PSD and Simulation Results	p. 242
10.12 Statistical Properties of the Output Envelope	p. 247
10.13 Summary	p. 249
References	p. 250
11 Digital-Carrier Spreading Codes for Baseband UWB Multiaccess	p. 251
11.1 Introduction	p. 251
11.2 Digital-Carrier Multiband User Codes	p. 252
11.2.1 Baseband Single-Carrier UWB	p. 252
11.2.2 Baseband Multicarrier UWB	p. 254
11.3 Low Duty-Cycle Access in the Presence of NBI	p. 255
11.3.1 General Rake Reception Model	p. 255
11.3.2 SINR Analysis	p. 259
11.3.3 Simulations and Numerical Results	p. 260
11.4 Improved Rate Access in the Presence of Multipath	p. 263
11.4.1 Rake Reception Model with IFI	p. 263
11.4.2 Performance Comparisons	p. 266
11.4.3 Simulated Examples	p. 271
11.5 Multiuser Interference Mitigation	p. 273
11.6 Summary	p. 276
References	p. 276
12 Localization	p. 279
12.1 Introduction	p. 279
12.2 Time-of-Arrival Estimation	p. 279
12.2.1 Estimation Accuracy	p. 280
12.2.2 Energy-Collection-Based TOA Estimation	p. 281
12.2.3 Two-Stage TOA Estimation	p. 282
12.2.4 Simulation Results	p. 286
12.3 Location and Tracking	p. 286
12.3.1 Position Estimation	p. 287
12.3.2 Tracking	p. 292
12.3.3 Simulation Results	p. 292
12.4 Location in Distributed Architectures	p. 294
12.4.1 Overview	p. 294
12.4.2 Proposed Algorithm	p. 295
12.4.3 Simulation Results	p. 296
12.5 Theoretical Positioning Accuracy	p. 297
12.5.1 Analysis Tool	p. 298
12.5.2 Hyperbolic Location Accuracy	p. 299
12.6 Conclusions	p. 301
Acknowledgment	p. 301
References	p. 301
Index	p. 305

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