Advanced exercise endocrinology

Advanced Exercise Endocrinology presents a comprehensive examination of the relationship between physical activity and hormone function. As the newest addition to Human Kinetics' Advanced Exercise Physiology Series, this resource offers the most up-to-date information on the quickly advancing field of exercise endocrinology. Written by leading exercise endocrinologist Katarina Borer, Advanced Exercise Endocrinology is an essential reference for exercise physiologists, physiotherapists, and other health professionals researching the connections between exercise, hormone function, and health.

Advanced Exercise Endocrinology explains how the human body responds to exercise in order to support the increased energy demand. Readers will explore topics including body fluid balance during exercise and at rest, endocrine and autonomic control of cardiorespiratory function, hormonal control of energy expenditure, and the role of reproductive hormones in exercise. The text offers an integrative perspective and includes the following unique features:

* An emphasis on the effects of hormones during exercise in the context of biological functions or physiological events to help readers appreciate the complexity of hormonal response from a functional, whole-body perspective

* A discussion of hormone actions in exercise with an emphasis on the mechanisms of action, which is key to developing an advanced understanding of metabolism and somatic and physiological adaptations to training

* A chapter that brings together research on nonhormonal signaling in exercise, a topic not often presented in a comprehensive manner

* An introduction to the principles of hormone measurements, which will be especially helpful to students considering a future in research

Combining foundational concepts and research, this text offers engaging and accessible coverage of this advanced field of study. Chapter summaries help readers focus on the most significant issues presented for each topic, and extensive illustrations, figures, and graphs provide visual reinforcement of key concepts and important research findings. Special sidebars highlight analyses of interesting research findings and practical applications. In examining current research, readers will be able to identify emerging topics and possible directions for future exploration.

While the connection between exercise, hormones, and health is well acknowledged, the field had yet to be fully explored. Advanced Exercise Endocrinology will help students and professionals from many health fields better understand how interactions between physical activity and hormone action work to maintain health, improve exercise performance, and prevent metabolic disabilities.

Human Kinetics' Advanced Exercise Physiology Series offers books for advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as professionals in exercise science and kinesiology. These books highlight the complex interaction of various systems both at rest and during exercise. Each text in this series offers a clear and concise explanation of the system and details how each is affected by acute exercise and chronic exercise training. Advanced Exercise Endocrinology is the fourth volume in the series.

Author Notes

Katarina T. Borer, PhD , is a professor in the School of Kinesiology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where she has spent over 35 years teaching and researching the hormonal control of metabolism, particularily in response to exercise. She has spent 40 years researching endocrine mechanisms operating in acceleration of growth by exercise and regulation of energy balance. Borer also developed and validated radioimmunoassay for hamster growth hormone and prolactin.

She is a member of the American College of Sports Medicine, Endocrine Society, American Diabetes Association, American Physiological Society, and Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior. In 1991, Borer received a Fulbright scholarship to the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, where she studied the expression of IGF-I mRNA in exercising hamsters. She has been a visiting professor on the kinesiology faculty at the University of Zagreb in Croatia since 2002. Borer was also awarded the title of Meritorious Professor in 2010 from the University of Zagreb.

Borer and her husband, Paul Wenger, reside in Ann Arbor. Borer enjoys spending time with her grandchildren, painting, studying art, listening to opera and classical music, and devoting time to her environmental interests, especially the recycling of resources.

Preface	p. v
Series Preface	p. vii
Chapter 1 Unique Properties of Endocrine and Autonomic Messengers	p. 1
Functions of the Endocrine System and Autonomic Nervous System	p. 2
Classification of Hormones	p. 5
Chemical Structure of Hormones	p. 6
Hormone Release and Transport	p. 15
Hormone Receptors and Hormone-Receptor Message Transduction	p. 18
Properties of Hormone-Receptor Interactions	p. 26
Summary	p. 29
Chapter 2 Activation of Nonhormonal Signaling During Exercise	p. 31
Signal Transduction by Neuronal and Electrostatic Events in Exercise	p. 32
Intracellular Calcium Release as a Trigger of Signal Transduction	p. 33
Signal Transduction of Mechanical Strain, Vibration, and Fluid Shear	p. 36
Signaling in Response to Sensing Energy Need	p. 44
Free Radicals as Initiators of Message Transduction	p. 46
Summary	p. 53
Chapter 3 Autonomic and Hormonal Control of the Cardiorespiratory System	p. 55
Afferent Signals to the ANS	p. 56
Integrative Brain Circuits and Efferent Components of ANS Reflexes	p. 58
Control of Cardiorespiratory Function by ANS and Hormones	p. 69
Summary	p. 77
Chapter 4 Body Fluid Balance	p. 79
Increases in Body Heat Load During Exercise	p. 80
Thermoregulatory Changes in Body Water During Exercise	p. 80
Consequences of Fluid Loss Through Sweating	p. 83
Cessation of Renal Reabsorptive Function During Exercise	p. 87
Thirst and Na Hunger After Exercise	p. 90
Hyperhydration and Hyponatremia	p. 91
Strategies for Fluid Management in Exercise	p. 92
Summary	p. 95
Chapter 5 Hormones and Fuel Use in Exercise	p. 97
Hormonal Mediation of Energy Balance	p. 97
Hormones in Fuel Mobilization and Utilization During Aerobic Exercise	p. 109
Hormones in Fuel Mobilization and Utilization During Anaerobic Exercise or RE	p. 118
Summary	p. 124
Chapter 6 Hormonal Control of Energy Expenditure and Intake	p. 127
Energy-Regulating Mechanism	p. 128
Descriptors and Controls of Feeding Behavior	p. 134
Role of Physical Activity in the Regulation of Body Mass	p. 137
Regulation of Body Mass Through Homeostatic Versus Nonhomeostatic Controls	p. 139
Body Mass Regulatory Mechanism Versus Obesity and Weight Loss	p. 145
Summary	p. 148
Chapter 7 Exercise and Reproductive Hormones	p. 149
Development of Phenotypic Sexual Dimorphism	p. 149
Effects of Exercise on Sex Hormone Secretion	p. 161
Effects of Sex Hormones on Physical Performance	p. 170
Summary	p. 174
Chapter 8 Hormonal Mediation in Training Adaptations	p. 177
Systemic Hormones in Adaptations to Endurance Training	p. 178
Role of Systemic Anabolic Hormones in Adaptations to Resistance Training	p. 184
Nutritional Modulation of Hormonal Adaptations to Exercise Training	p. 192
Summary	p. 199
Chapter 9 Exercise and Endocrine Rhythms	p. 201
Basics of Biological Rhythm Physiology and Terminology	p. 201
Synchronization of Circadian Rhythms by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus	p. 205
Control of Biological Rhythms by the Food-Entrainable Oscillator	p. 209
Control of Ultradian Rhythms	p. 209
Control of Biological Rhythms by Exercise	p. 211
Summary	p. 218
Chapter 10 Measuring Hormones	p. 219
Measuring Hormone Concentration	p. 219
Measuring Biological Actions of Hormones	p. 224
Measuring Hormone Synthesis and Site of Production	p. 225
Measuring the Rate of Hormone Secretion	p. 225
Summary	p. 228
References	p. 229
Index	p. 257
About the Author	p. 264

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