Cover image for ISO 9001:2000 for software and systems providers: an engineering approach
Title:
ISO 9001:2000 for software and systems providers: an engineering approach
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Publication Information:
Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, 2004
ISBN:
9780849320637
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30000010064558 TS156.6 B35 2004 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

Executives, engineering managers, project managers, engineers, and process improvement experts within engineering organizations need a resource that systematically translates the requirements of ISO 9001:2000 into a usable specification for engineers. Understanding ISO 9001:2000 from an engineer's perspective ensures that software, hardware, and systems engineering organizations will continue to develop, maintain and evolve their engineering practices long after the consultants are gone. ISO 9001:2000 for Software and Systems Providers: An Engineering Approach provides proven strategies for using ISO 9001 to implement and revitalize systematic process improvements within software, hardware, and systems engineering organizations.

Written by engineers for engineers, the authors incorporate more than a decade of experience implementing ISO 9001 in engineering organizations of all types. They present a well-defined roadmap that any engineering organization can follow to secure the maximum benefits from the standard. Their roadmap has proven effective in small and large organizations, from Silicon-Valley-based startups to established defense contractors.


This volume dissects and analyzes each paragraph of ISO 9001 from an engineering perspective, clarifying the relationship to engineering practices and the potential benefits to the organization. This volume also stresses the relationships among the paragraphs, which can have a critical impact on the efficiency of the ISO implementation.


Table of Contents

Section I A Brief Orientationp. 1
Chapter 1 An Implementation Roadmapp. 3
Paragraph 4.1 a Identify the Processesp. 3
Paragraph 4.1 b Determine the Interactionsp. 3
Paragraph 4.1 b Determine the Sequence of Processesp. 3
Paragraph 4.1 c Map the Organization's Processes against the Standardp. 5
Paragraph 4.1 d Planning and Communicationp. 6
Paragraph 4.1 e Monitor and Measurep. 6
Paragraph 4.1 f Executionp. 7
Representing the Implementation Processp. 7
Charting an Alternate Path through the Paragraphsp. 8
Recommendations for Implementers: Establishing ISO 9001 as a Frameworkp. 8
Principle 1 ISO 9001:2000 Is a Requirements Specificationp. 9
About Registrars and Their Auditorsp. 10
Principle 2 It Is Easier To Achieve Compliance Than To Maintain Compliancep. 11
Principle 3 Manage the Implementation as if It Were Product Developmentp. 11
Recommendations for Maintainers: Addressing the Changes in ISO 9001:2000p. 12
Points To Focus on for Maintainersp. 12
Selecting a Scopep. 13
To Register or Not To Register?p. 13
Selecting a Registrarp. 16
About Accreditationp. 16
Selection Criteriap. 18
Chapter 2 Terminology and Definitionsp. 21
What Is in a Name: ISO 9000 and Standardp. 21
Quality and Quality Management Systemp. 23
Shall, Should, and Other Formalitiesp. 24
Requirements versus Design: How Flexible Is the Standard?p. 25
Effectivep. 26
Ensurep. 28
The Purpose of ISO 9001p. 29
Registrars and Registration Revisitedp. 30
Section II ISO 9001: A Paragraph-by-Paragraph Analysisp. 31
Chapter 3 The Structure of ISO 9001p. 33
Chapter 4 Paragraph 4 Quality Management Systemp. 37
Paragraph 4.1 General Requirementsp. 37
Implementation Considerationsp. 37
Paragraph 4.2 Documentation Requirementsp. 44
Paragraph 4.2.1 General [Requirements for Documentation]p. 44
Paragraph 4.2.2 The Quality Manualp. 49
Paragraph 4.2.3 Control of Documentsp. 53
Paragraph 4.2.4 Control of Recordsp. 56
Paragraph 4--Summaryp. 59
Chapter 5 Paragraph 5 Management Responsibilityp. 61
Paragraph 5.1 Management Commitmentp. 63
Paragraph 5.2 Customer Focusp. 65
Paragraph 5.3 Quality Policyp. 66
Implementation Considerations: Beyond ISO 9001p. 67
Paragraph 5.4 Planningp. 68
Paragraph 5.4.1 Quality Objectivesp. 68
Paragraph 5.4.2 Quality Management System Planningp. 75
Paragraph 5.5 Responsibility, Authority, and Communicationp. 77
Paragraph 5.5.1 Responsibility and Authorityp. 78
Paragraph 5.5.2 Management Representativep. 79
Paragraph 5.5.3 Internal Communicationp. 81
Paragraph 5.6 Management Reviewp. 83
Chapter 6 Paragraph 6 Resource Managementp. 87
Paragraph 6.1 Provision of Resourcesp. 87
Paragraph 6.2 Human Resourcesp. 87
Paragraph 6.2.2 a Implementation Considerations for Determining Necessary Competencep. 89
Paragraph 6.2.2 b Implementation Considerations for Satisfying Needsp. 89
Paragraph 6.2.2 c Implementation Considerations for Evaluating Effectivenessp. 91
Paragraph 6.2.2 d Implementation Considerations for Awareness of Quality Objectivesp. 92
Paragraph 6.2.2 e Implementation Considerations for Training Recordsp. 92
Paragraph 6.3 Infrastructurep. 93
Paragraph 6.4 Work Environmentp. 95
Chapter 7 Paragraph 7 Product Realizationp. 97
Paragraph 7.1 Planning of Product Realizationp. 98
Related Paragraphsp. 98
Implementation Considerationsp. 99
Paragraph 7.2 Customer-Related Processesp. 99
Paragraph 7.2.1 Determination of Requirements Related to the Productp. 100
Paragraph 7.2.2 Review of Requirements Related to the Productp. 105
Paragraph 7.2.3 Customer Communicationp. 108
Paragraph 7.3 Design and Developmentp. 110
Paragraph 7.3.1 Design and Development Planningp. 110
Paragraph 7.3.2 Design and Development Inputsp. 117
Paragraph 7.3.3 Design and Development Outputsp. 120
Paragraph 7.3.4 Design and Development Reviewp. 120
Paragraph 7.3.5 Design and Development Verificationp. 123
Paragraph 7.3.6 Design and Development Validationp. 126
Paragraph 7.3.7 Control of Design and Development Changesp. 127
Paragraph 7.4 Purchasing--A Brief Notep. 130
Paragraph 7.5 Production and Service Provisionp. 131
Paragraph 7.5.1 Control of Production and Service Provisionp. 132
Paragraph 7.5.2 Validation of Processes for Production and Service Provisionp. 142
Paragraph 7.5.3 Identification and Traceabilityp. 150
Paragraph 7.5.4 Customer Propertyp. 153
Paragraph 7.5.5 Preservation of Productp. 155
Paragraph 7.4 Purchasingp. 156
Paragraph 7.4.1 Purchasing Processp. 157
Paragraph 7.4.2 Purchasing Informationp. 161
Paragraph 7.4.3 Verification of Purchased Productp. 164
Paragraph 7.6 Control of Monitoring and Measuring Devicesp. 166
Implementation Considerationsp. 169
When Equipment Is Found not to Conform to Requirementsp. 170
For Softwarep. 170
Establishing a Calibration Programp. 171
Find Service Providersp. 172
Implement, Monitor, Follow Upp. 173
Paragraph 7 Conclusionsp. 173
Chapter 8 Paragraph 8 Measurement, Analysis, and Improvementp. 177
Paragraph 8.1 Generalp. 177
Paragraph 8.2 Monitoring and Measurementp. 179
Paragraph 8.2.1 Customer Satisfactionp. 179
Paragraph 8.2.2 Internal Auditp. 180
Paragraph 8.2.3 Monitoring and Measurement of Processesp. 187
Paragraph 8.2.4 Monitoring and Measurement of Productp. 188
Paragraph 8.3 Control of Nonconforming Productp. 193
Paragraph 8.4 Analysis of Datap. 194
Paragraph 8.5 Improvementp. 196
Paragraph 8.5.1 Continual Improvementp. 196
Paragraph 8.5.2 Corrective Actionp. 198
Paragraph 8.5.3 Preventive Actionp. 205
Section III The Appendicesp. 207
Appendix A A Brief History of ISO 9001 from 1987 to 2000p. 209
About ISO 9000-3p. 210
Rules for Claiming Conformity under ISO 9001:1987 and ISO 9001:1994p. 211
Appendix B Rules for Claiming Conformity under ISO 9001:2000p. 215
A Problem: Organization or Company?p. 215
Implications for Softwarep. 216
Appendix C Achieving Compliance with Paragraph 4.1p. 219
Appendix D A Template for Proceduresp. 231
Appendix E A Case Study: One Approach to Life Cyclesp. 237
About the Company: ABC Systemsp. 237
The Product Life Cycle as a Text-Based Procedurep. 238
The Product Life Cycle as a Process Mapp. 238
The Product Life Cycle as a Table of Responsibilities and Deliverablesp. 242
Appendix F Implementation as a Managed Processp. 245
Introduction to the Elements of a Systemp. 246
The Implementation Processp. 248
Phase 1 Define Requirementsp. 248
Phase 2 Design and Developp. 252
Phase 3 Testp. 252
Phase 4 General Implementationp. 252
Phase 5 Implementation Reviewp. 252
Implementation Planningp. 253
Forward Planningp. 254
Quality, Cost, Schedule, and Contentp. 255
Effort, Method, and Resourcesp. 255
Benefits of a Standard Methodologyp. 257
The Implementation Plan and Project Filep. 257
The Implementation Planp. 258
Reporting Progressp. 258
The Project Filep. 258
Supporting the Implementationp. 262
Corrective Actionp. 262
Management Responsibility and Authorityp. 265
Profile of an Implementation Managerp. 265
Responsibilitiesp. 265
Knowledge, Skills, and Abilitiesp. 266
Personal Attributesp. 267
Samplesp. 267
The Implementation Modelp. 267
Development Processes and Proceduresp. 268
List of Suggested Procedures To Support a Software Engineering Life Cyclep. 268
Areas To Consider for Supporting Procedures and Standardsp. 273
Procedure Definition and Construction: The Seven Key Elementsp. 274
Appendix G Mapping the Standard to Core Competenciesp. 275
Core Processes and ISO 9001p. 275
Requirements Engineeringp. 275
Project Managementp. 275
Integrated, Interdisciplinary Teamsp. 277
Product Engineeringp. 277
Third-Party Developmentp. 277
Quality Assurancep. 277
Quality Control: Verification and Validationp. 277
Configuration Management and Document Controlp. 278
Manufacturing and Logisticsp. 278
Service and Supportp. 279
Organizational Changep. 279
Functional Prioritiesp. 279
Business Acquisitionp. 279
Product Developmentp. 281
Manufacturingp. 281
Service and Supportp. 281
Appendix H A Sample Questionnaire for Registrar Selectionp. 291
Comments and Questionsp. 301
About the Authorsp. 303
Indexp. 305