Sedimentary geology : sedimentary basins, depositional environments, petroleum formation

In this work, the reader will find the basic concepts and vocabulary of sedimentary geology, along with a presentation of the new ideas that are in current use in petroleum exploration. This abundantly illustrated book will serve as an excellent educational tool and remain a valuable resource and handy reference work in any petroleum geology library.Contents: 1. Basics of dynamic geology. 2. Continental and oceanic basins. 3. Sedimentary driving mechanisms and environments. 4. Time evolution: Sedimentary sequences, stratigraphy. 5. From sediments to sedimentary basin rocks and mountain chains. 6. Petroleum systems. IndexState of Strain. 2. State of Stress. 3. Thermodynamics of Continuous Media. II. Mechanism of Material Strain. 4. Linear Elasticity. General Theory. 5. Plane Theory of Elasticity. 6. Behaviour of a Material Containing Cavities. 7. Thermodynamics of Saturated Porous Media. 8. Infinitesimal Thermoporoelasticity. 9. The Triaxial Test and the Measurement of Thermoporoelastic Properties. 10. Thermoporoelastoplasticity. General Theory and Application. III. Mechanisms of Material Cohesion Loss. 11. Fissuring. 12. Introduction to Damage Theory. 13. Appearance of Shearing Bands in Geomaterials.

Reviews 1

Choice Review

Biju-Duval (Institut Francais du Petrole) offers a primer on all aspects of petroleum hydrocarbon formation, migration, and accumulation in sedimentary layers of the earth's crust. The book's broad scope is designed to provide an overview of petroleum geology for those studying or functioning in related disciplines, such as petroleum engineering, drilling and completion, or economic analysis. As such, this work barely makes the grade. Brief discussions and numerous diagrams are arranged in a topical format that can be referenced easily from the index. However, in terms of depth, there are problems. Most subjects are left undeveloped, or worse, important points are often glossed over with terms that are themselves not defined. How much was lost in translation from French to English is unknown, but choppy paragraphs riddled with logic gaps are common. Furthermore, a heavy reliance on case studies of oil fields elsewhere in the world may be disorienting, if not simply disappointing, to North American readers wanting local examples. Compared to other works in the field, e.g., Winfried Zimmerle's Petroleum Sedimentology (CH, Mar'96) or the classic by Arville Irving Levorsen, Geology of Petroleum (1967), the book under review lacks idea development and character. Summing Up: Optional. Professionals. J. H. Beck Boston College

Foreword	p. III
Acknowledgments	p. V
Chapter 1 Basics of Dynamic Geology
1.1 Definitions	p. 1
1.2 Observation and Measurement Scales. Time Scales	p. 3
1.2.1 3D Space	p. 3
1.2.2 Time Scales	p. 11
1.2.3 Kinematic Reconstruction	p. 11
1.3 Earth Structure: Geodynamic Framework	p. 14
1.3.1 Shape	p. 14
1.3.2 General Makeup	p. 14
1.3.3 Deep Earth	p. 17
1.3.4 The Blue Planet	p. 19
1.3.5 Plates and Hot Spots	p. 22
1.3.6 Sedimentary Basins	p. 32
1.4 Driving Mechanisms	p. 35
1.4.1 Internal Drives	p. 36
1.4.2 External Drives	p. 49
1.4.3 Rhythms, Cycles, Events	p. 54
Chapter 2 Continental and Oceanic Basins
2.1 Basin Definitions and Diversity	p. 59
2.2 Basin Classifications	p. 65
2.3 Troughs, Rifts, Aulacogens, and Divergent Continental Margins	p. 70
2.3.1 Definitions	p. 70
2.3.2 Formation Mechanisms	p. 74
2.3.3 General Features	p. 90
2.4 Cratonic, Continental, and Epicontinental Basins	p. 95
2.4.1 Craton and Cratonic Basins	p. 95
2.4.2 Formation Mechanisms	p. 96
2.4.3 General Features	p. 100
2.5 Oceanic Basins	p. 103
2.5.1 Definitions	p. 103
2.5.2 Formation Mechanisms	p. 104
2.5.3 General Features	p. 107
2.6 Basins Associated with Active Margins and Folded Belts	p. 108
2.6.1 Different Types	p. 108
2.6.2 Formation Mechanisms	p. 111
2.6.3 General Features of Active Margin Basins	p. 124
Chapter 3 Sedimentary Driving Mechanisms and Environments
3.1 Sediment Origins, Modes of Transport and Deposit	p. 129
3.1.1 Sediment Origins	p. 129
3.1.2 Sedimentary Transport and Deposit, Lateral Progradation, Vertical Aggradation	p. 144
3.2 Continental Environments	p. 161
3.2.1 General Characteristics	p. 162
3.2.2 Eolian Systems and Deposits	p. 175
3.2.3 Lacustrine Environment	p. 181
3.2.4 Fluvial Domain and Alluvial Deposits	p. 185
3.2.5 Glacial and Periglacial Environments	p. 211
3.2.6 Volcanic Deposits	p. 222
3.3 Marine Environments	p. 223
3.3.1 Ocean Composition and Dynamic	p. 223
3.3.2 Biological Activity in the Ocean	p. 242
3.3.3 Transfer Mechanisms in the Ocean	p. 259
3.3.4 Littoral and Continental Platform Deposits	p. 267
3.3.5 Saline Deposits, Evaporites	p. 287
3.3.6 Deep Ocean Deposits	p. 295
Chapter 4 Time Evolution: Sedimentary Sequences, Stratigraphy
4.1 Time Instability of Environments	p. 330
4.1.1 Major Variations	p. 330
4.1.2 Cyclic Processes and Events	p. 339
4.2 Stratigraphic Elements, Dating, and Time Scales	p. 341
4.2.1 Definitions	p. 341
4.2.2 Thicknesses and Rates of Deposit, Idea of Time and Sedimentary Cycle	p. 345
4.2.3 Facies, Depositional Sequences, Lithostratigraphic Units	p. 355
4.2.4 Relative Dating in Paleontology and Biostratigraphy	p. 358
4.2.5 Chronostratigraphy, Geological Time Scale	p. 367
4.2.6 Absolute Age Measurements: Geo- and Radiochronology, Isotopic Stratigraphy	p. 373
4.2.7 Mineralogical and Geochemical Markers, Chemostratigraphy	p. 378
4.2.8 Paleomagnetism and Magnetostratigraphy	p. 385
4.2.9 Other Methods	p. 385
4.3. Seismic, Sequential, Genetic Stratigraphy	p. 387
4.3.1 Seismic Stratigraphy	p. 387
4.3.2 Sequential Stratigraphy	p. 393
4.3.3 High Resolution Genetic Stratigraphy	p. 406
4.4. Stratigraphic Correlations, Paleogeographic Reconstructions	p. 411
4.4.1 Stratigraphic Correlations and Facies, Cartographic Expression	p. 411
4.4.2 Paleogeographic and Palinspastic Reconstructions	p. 413
Chapter 5 From Sediments to Sedimentary Basin Rocks and Mountain Chains
5.1 Burial and Diagenesis	p. 425
5.1.1 Burial and Subsidence	p. 425
5.1.2 Diagenesis	p. 427
5.1.3 Petrophysical Characters of Sedimentary Rocks	p. 451
5.1.4 Laboratory Techniques	p. 454
5.1.5 Ultimate Term of Diagenesis: Sedimentary Rocks (Table 5.1)	p. 455
5.1.6 Deformations Stemming from Diagenesis	p. 464
5.1.7 Importance of Diagenesis for Petroleum Geology	p. 469
5.2 Structural Evolution from Basins to Mountain Chains	p. 469
5.2.1 Deformation Mechanisms	p. 470
5.2.2 Deformation Types (Geometric Expression on the Local and Regional Scales)	p. 481
5.2.3 Successive Paleostresses and Deformation Dating	p. 517
5.2.4 Mountain Chains and Adjacent Basins, Orgeny	p. 533
5.2.5 Role of Tectonics in Reservoir Geology	p. 545
Chapter 6 Petroleum Systems
6.1 Petroleum compounds. Definitions	p. 549
6.2 Origin and Generation of Oils and Natural Gas	p. 553
6.2.1 Sedimentation of Organic Matter	p. 553
6.2.2 Geological Perspectives: Rock Source and Kerogens	p. 562
6.2.3 Transformation of Kerogen and Formation of Oil and Gas	p. 570
6.2.4 Biogenic, Bacterial Gas	p. 577
6.2.5 Gas Hydrates	p. 578
6.3 Hydrocarbon Migration	p. 580
6.3.1 Primary Migration or Expulsion	p. 581
6.3.2 Secondary Migration	p. 581
6.3.3 Dysmigration	p. 585
6.3.4 Alteration, Degradation	p. 586
6.4 Reservoirs, Traps, and Oil Fields	p. 588
6.4.1 Reservoir Rock	p. 588
6.4.2 Traps and Sealing Rock	p. 595
6.4.3 Oil Pools and Fields, Oil Zones	p. 608
6.5 Petroleum Systems	p. 610
6.5.1 Definitions and Review	p. 610
6.5.2 Calendar, Critical Moment	p. 613
6.5.3 Different Petroleum Systems, Efficiency	p. 614
Index	p. 623

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