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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000010048105 | TP248.2 S334 2003 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Biotechnology and genetic engineering are the key technologies of the 21st century. They allow the findings in cell biology and genetics, biochemistry and microbiology, biochemical engineering and bioinformatics to be applied to health care, agriculture, food production, environmental protection and alternative production methods for chemicals.
This handy book provides broad coverage of the relevant facts on products, methods and applications. It discusses the opportunities and risks involved in these new technologies, combined with ethical, economic and safety considerations. Instructive and attractive color illustrations as well as an excellent didactic approach throughout make this a perfect introduction to the field -- for professionals and students alike.
Author Notes
Rolf D. Schmid studied chemistry and biochemistry in Munich and Freiburg, Germany, and did post-doctoral training in Gif-sur-Yvette (France), and Austin, Texas (USA). In 1972, he joined Henkel & Company, where he became director of biotechnology R&D. In 1987, he moved to the Gesellschaft fuer Biotechnologische Forschung (GBF), the national German center for biotechnology in Braunschweig; simultaneously, he also became professor of enzyme technology at the University of Braunschweig. In 1993, the University of Stuttgart, Germany, invited him to become director of the Institute of Technical Biochemistry within its Center of Bioprocess Engineering, which he still directs. He has spent sabbaticals at the National Bureau of Standards and Technology (Gaithersburg, Md., USA), the University of Tokyo (Japan), the University of Florence (Italy), and the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Anthropology, Leipzig (Germany
Reviews 1
Choice Review
This expanded and updated second edition of the original version published in Germany in 2001 offers a general unifying view of biotechnology and genetic engineering. In clear scientific language, Schmid provides a general introduction to the field, including a brief historical survey, explanation of the fundamental principles, and review of current trends. Visually attractive explanatory color plates accompany each of the 142 entries. For easy navigation, each page has a colored column title, and entries are divided into distinct subsections. In addition, the guide provides about 600 bibliographic citations, a comprehensive index, and information on the origin of graphical materials. While intended for biology, biochemistry, and bioengineering students, the book can also be useful for more advanced readers interested in a basic introduction to the field. Schmid (Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Univ. of Stuttgart, Germany) is the first German researcher awarded the 2003 Biotechnology Division Lifetime Achievement Award by the American Oil Chemists' Society. ^BSumming Up: Recommended. General readers; undergraduates through professionals. V. M. Shelton George Mason University
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. IX |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Historical survey | |
| Early developments | p. 2 |
| Biotechnology today | p. 4 |
| Food biotechnology | |
| Alcoholic beverages | p. 6 |
| Beer | p. 8 |
| Fermented food | p. 10 |
| Food and lactic acid fermentation | p. 12 |
| Alcohols, acids, and amino acids Ethanol | p. 14 |
| 1-Butanol, acetone | p. 16 |
| Acetic acid/vinegar | p. 18 |
| Citric acid | p. 20 |
| Lactic acid, gluconic acid | p. 22 |
| Amino acids | p. 24 |
| L-Glutamic acid | p. 26 |
| D,L-Methionine, L-lysine, and L-threonine | p. 28 |
| Aspartame, L-phenylalanine, and L-aspartic acid | p. 30 |
| Amino acids via enzymatic transformation | p. 32 |
| Antibiotics | |
| Antibiotics: occurrence, applications, mechanism of action | p. 34 |
| Antibiotics: industrial production, resistance | p. 36 |
| [beta]-Lactam antibiotics: structure, biosynthesis and mechanism of action | p. 38 |
| [beta]-Lactam antibiotics: manufacture | p. 40 |
| Amino acid and peptide antibiotics | p. 42 |
| Glycopeptide, polyether, and nucleoside antibiotics | p. 44 |
| Aminoglycoside antibiotics | p. 46 |
| Tetracyclines, chinones, chinolones, and other aromatic antibiotics | p. 48 |
| Macrolide antibiotics | p. 50 |
| New pathways to antibiotics | p. 52 |
| Specialties | |
| Vitamins | p. 54 |
| Nucleosides and nucleotides | p. 56 |
| Biosurfactants and biocosmetics | p. 58 |
| Microbial polysaccharides | p. 60 |
| Biomaterials | p. 62 |
| Biotransformation | p. 64 |
| Steroid biotransformations | p. 66 |
| Enzymes | |
| Enzymes | p. 68 |
| Enzyme catalysis | p. 70 |
| Analytical enzymes | p. 72 |
| Enzyme tests | p. 74 |
| Enzymes as additives | p. 76 |
| Detergent enzymes | p. 78 |
| Enzymes for starch hydrolysis | p. 80 |
| Enzymatic starch hydrolysis | p. 82 |
| Enzymes and sweeteners | p. 84 |
| Enzymes for the hydrolysis of cellulose and polyoses | p. 86 |
| Enzymes in pulp and paper processing | p. 88 |
| Pectinases | p. 90 |
| Enzymes and milk products | p. 92 |
| Enzymes in baking and meat processing | p. 94 |
| Enzymes in leather and textile treatment | p. 96 |
| Procedures for obtaining novel technical enzymes | p. 98 |
| Bakers' yeast and single cell technologies | |
| Bakers' yeast and fodder yeasts | p. 100 |
| Single cell protein, single cell oil | p. 102 |
| Biotechnology and environmental processes | |
| Aerobic wastewater treatment | p. 104 |
| Anaerobic wastewater and sludge treatment | p. 106 |
| Biological treatment of exhaust air | p. 108 |
| Biological soil treatment | p. 110 |
| Microbial leaching, biofilms, and biocorrosion | p. 112 |
| Medical biotechnology | |
| Insulin | p. 114 |
| Growth hormone and other hormones | p. 116 |
| Hemoglobin, serum albumen, and lactoferrin | p. 118 |
| Blood clotting agents | p. 120 |
| Anticoagulants and thrombolytic agents | p. 122 |
| Enzyme inhibitors | p. 124 |
| The immune system | p. 126 |
| Stem cells | p. 128 |
| Tissue Engineering | p. 130 |
| Interferons | p. 132 |
| Interleukins | p. 134 |
| Erythropoietin and other growth factors | p. 136 |
| Other therapeutic proteins | p. 138 |
| Vaccines | p. 140 |
| Recombinant vaccines | p. 142 |
| Antibodies | p. 144 |
| Monoclonal antibodies | p. 146 |
| Recombinant and catalytic antibodies | p. 148 |
| Immunoanalysis | p. 150 |
| Biosensors | p. 152 |
| Agricultural biotechnology | |
| Animal breeding | p. 154 |
| Embryo transfer, cloned animals | p. 156 |
| Gene maps | p. 158 |
| Transgenic animals | p. 160 |
| Gene farming and xenotransplantation | p. 162 |
| Plant breeding | p. 164 |
| Plant tissue surface culture | p. 166 |
| Plant cell suspension culture | p. 168 |
| Transgenic plants: methods | p. 170 |
| Transgenic plants: resistance | p. 172 |
| Transgenic plants: products | p. 174 |
| Microbiological fundamentals | |
| Viruses | p. 176 |
| Bacteriophages | p. 178 |
| Microorganisms | p. 180 |
| Bacteria | p. 182 |
| Some bacteria of importance for biotechnology | p. 184 |
| Fungi | p. 186 |
| Yeasts | p. 188 |
| Microorganisms: isolation, preservation, safety | p. 190 |
| Microorganisms: strain improvement | p. 192 |
| Bioengineering fundamentals | |
| Growing microorganisms | p. 194 |
| Growth kinetics and product formation | p. 196 |
| Fed-batch and continuous fermentation | p. 198 |
| Fermentation technology | p. 200 |
| Fermentation technology: scale-up | p. 202 |
| Cultivation of mammalian cells | p. 204 |
| Mammalian cell bioreactors | p. 206 |
| Enzyme and cell reactors | p. 208 |
| Recovery of bioproducts | p. 210 |
| Recovery of proteins: chromatography | p. 212 |
| Economic aspects of industrial processes | p. 214 |
| Fundamentals of molecular genetics | |
| DNA: structure | p. 216 |
| DNA: function | p. 218 |
| Genetic engineering: general steps | p. 220 |
| Preparation of DNA | p. 222 |
| Other useful enzymes for DNA manipulation | p. 224 |
| PCR: general method | p. 226 |
| PCR: laboratory methods | p. 228 |
| DNA: synthesis and size determination | p. 230 |
| DNA sequencing | p. 232 |
| Transfer of foreign DNA in living cells (transformation) | p. 234 |
| Gene cloning and identification | p. 236 |
| Gene expression | p. 238 |
| Gene silencing | p. 240 |
| RNA | p. 242 |
| Gene libraries and gene mapping | p. 244 |
| Genetic maps of prokaryotes | p. 246 |
| Genetic maps of eukaryotes | p. 248 |
| The human genome | p. 250 |
| Functional analysis of the human genome | p. 252 |
| Recent trends | |
| DNA assays | p. 254 |
| DNA and protein arrays | p. 256 |
| Reporter groups | p. 258 |
| Protein design | p. 260 |
| Gene therapy | p. 262 |
| Proteomics | p. 264 |
| Drug screening | p. 266 |
| Bioinformatics | p. 268 |
| Metabolism | p. 270 |
| Metabolic engineering | p. 272 |
| Systems biology | p. 274 |
| Safety, ethics, economic issues | |
| Safety in genetic engineering | p. 276 |
| Regulation of products derived from biotechnology | p. 278 |
| Ethical considerations and acceptance | p. 280 |
| Patents in biotechnology | p. 282 |
| International aspects of biotechnology | p. 284 |
| Index | p. 287 |
| Literature | p. 319 |
| Origin of materials | p. 345 |
