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Summary
Summary
This practical book from a highly experienced author presents clearly the means and methods for designing, producing and using high-strength concrete.
High-strength concrete offers many benefits. Higher compressive strengths allow for a reduction in the cross-sectional dimensions of columns and walls in buildings. Its greater stiffness allows for increasing building heights while controlling sway and occupant comfort. Civil structures such as bridges have benefited from greater span lengths, shallower beam sections, wider girder spacing, and extended service life.
Illustrated with real life examples, through documented case histories, High-Strength Concrete will be a valuable resource for contractors, producers, inspection agencies, as well as engineers and researchers.
Author Notes
Michael Caldarone is a professional engineer with over 20 years experience in concrete material engineering and has been involved with many of the world's most notable projects involving high-strength concrete. He is the current chair of the American Concrete Institute Committee 363 on High-Strength Concrete.
Table of Contents
List of illustrations | p. x |
Preface | p. xiii |
Acknowledgments | p. xviii |
List of abbreviations | p. xix |
1 Introduction | p. 1 |
Unit conversions | p. 2 |
Terminology | p. 2 |
Historical background | p. 12 |
Applications | p. 15 |
References | p. 20 |
2 Constituent materials | p. 21 |
Introduction | p. 21 |
Cementitious materials | p. 21 |
Aggregates | p. 48 |
Water | p. 53 |
Chemical admixtures | p. 54 |
Air-entraining admixtures | p. 59 |
References | p. 61 |
3 Mixture proportioning and evaluation | p. 64 |
Introduction | p. 64 |
Identifying relevant concrete properties | p. 65 |
Statistical variability | p. 67 |
Proportioning considerations | p. 68 |
Designated acceptance age | p. 84 |
ACI 318 code requirements for strength acceptability | p. 85 |
Trial evaluation | p. 86 |
Proportioning high-strength concrete: an example | p. 88 |
References | p. 96 |
4 Properties | p. 99 |
Introduction | p. 99 |
Mechanical properties | p. 99 |
Durability properties | p. 115 |
Constructability properties | p. 124 |
References | p. 126 |
5 Specifications | p. 131 |
Introduction | p. 131 |
Prescriptive vs. performance-based specifications | p. 131 |
The pitfalls of arbitrarily established limits | p. 133 |
The relevancy of the slump test | p. 135 |
Constituent materials | p. 136 |
Quality management plans | p. 136 |
Producer qualifications | p. 137 |
Submittals and conditions of sale | p. 138 |
Testing laboratory qualifications | p. 139 |
Preconstruction conferences | p. 139 |
Post-28-day designated acceptance ages | p. 140 |
References | p. 142 |
6 Production and delivery | p. 143 |
Introduction | p. 143 |
Order taking | p. 144 |
Dispatching | p. 144 |
Quality control | p. 145 |
Plant operations | p. 147 |
Delivery | p. 150 |
References | p. 152 |
7 Placement, consolidation, and finishing | p. 153 |
Introduction | p. 153 |
Preconstruction conferences | p. 154 |
Preparation | p. 155 |
Placement | p. 155 |
Consolidation | p. 159 |
Finishing | p. 159 |
Case study: When self-consolidation is not enough | p. 160 |
References | p. 162 |
8 Curing | p. 164 |
Introduction | p. 164 |
Moisture requirements | p. 166 |
Temperature requirements | p. 171 |
Curing high-strength precast concrete | p. 171 |
References | p. 173 |
9 Quality control and testing | p. 174 |
Introduction | p. 174 |
Testing variables influencing compressive strength | p. 175 |
Standard cured vs. field cured specimens | p. 186 |
In-place evaluation | p. 187 |
Profiling constituent materials in the laboratory | p. 191 |
Case Study: Jobsite curing in limewater | p. 193 |
References | p. 197 |
10 Problem solving | p. 200 |
Introduction | p. 200 |
Incompatibility | p. 200 |
Early stiffening and erratic setting | p. 211 |
Poor strength development | p. 212 |
Aesthetic defects | p. 213 |
Petrography | p. 218 |
Case study: When color becomes a concern | p. 221 |
Case study: An autogenous shrinkage cracking investigation | p. 223 |
References | p. 225 |
11 Summary | p. 226 |
Glossary | p. 237 |
Institutes and standard writing organizations | p. 242 |
Index | p. 245 |