The father of jihad : ’Abd Allah ’Azzam’s jihad ideas and implications to national security

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Title:

Personal Author:

Muhammad Haniff Hassan author

Series:

Imperial College Press insurgency and terrorism series , 2

Publication Information:

London : Imperial College Press ; New Jersey : Distributed by World Scientific Publishing Co., 2014

Physical Description:

xv, 350 p. ; 24 cm.

ISBN:

9781783262878

Personal Subject:

'Abd Allah 'Azzam

Subject Term:

Jihad

National security

Geographic Term:

Afghanistan -- Politics and government -- 1989-2001

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010329166	DS371.33.A99 M84 2014	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

This study revolves around the jihad ideas of 'Abd Allāh 'Azzām -- an iconic figure in the study of militant jihad in the 20th century, history of Afghan jihad against the Soviet Union, Al-Qaeda and current threat of terrorism.This study has several objectives: some of 'Azzām's jihad ideas diverge from dominant ideas held by current jihadist groups like Al-Qaeda and these could potentially be used to counter contemporary jihad ideas and practices of jihadists.

Acknowledgements	p. v
Preface	p. vii
Transliteration Table	p. ix
Chapter 1 Jihad Ideas of 'Abd Allah 'Azzam: Making the Case for a Case Study	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 Background to the Study	p. 4
1.2.1 The threat of jihadist terrorism	p. 4
1.2.2 The importance of counter-ideology	p. 10
1.3 A Case for a Case Study	p. 11
1.3.1 The important role of the Soviet-Afghan war	p. 11
1.3.2 'Abd Allah "Azzam: His life and role during the Soviet-Afghan War	p. 17
1.4 The Research Plan	p. 31
1.4.1 Aim and objective	p. 32
1.4.2 What the study can offer	p. 32
1.4.3 Methodology	p. 32
1.4.4 Unit of analysis, research questions, assumptions and structure	p. 40
1.4.4.1 Chapter 2: Shades of jihad ideas and trail of militant viewpoint	p. 40
1.4.4.2 Chapter 3: "Abd Allah 'Azzam's jihad ideas	p. 40
1.4.4.3 Chapter 4: Framing jihad for mobilisation	p. 41
1.4.4.4 Chapter 5: The implications of "Azzam's ideas for national security	p. 41
1.4.4.5 Chapter 6: 'Azzam & beyond: Insights for current counter-jihadism work	p. 42
1.5 Conclusion	p. 42
Chapter 2 Shades of Jihad Ideas and Trail of Militant Viewpoint	p. 43
2.1 Introduction	p. 43
2.2 Classical Strand of Jihad	p. 44
2.2.1 Meaning of jihad	p. 44
2.2.2 Fundamental prerequisite	p. 45
2.2.3 Various forms of jihad	p. 45
2.2.4 Theological basis	p. 45
2.2.5 Stages of jihad	p. 46
2.2.6 The importance of jihad	p. 46
2.2.7 Ruling of armed jihad	p. 47
2.2.8 On fighters	p. 48
2.2.9 On the enemy	p. 49
2.2.10 Rules before battle	p. 50
2.2.11 Rules during battle	p. 52
2.2.12 Rules after battle	p. 53
2.2.13 Management of war booty	p. 56
2.2.14 Management of prisoners of war	p. 59
2.2.15 Participation of non-Muslims in armed jihad	p. 59
2.2.16 Martyrdom	p. 60
2.2.17 Classical Shiite (Shi 'ah) view of jihad	p. 60
2.2.18 Justification for armed jihad	p. 61
2.3 Traditionalist Strand of Jihad	p. 62
2.4 Reformist Strand of Jihad	p. 63
2.5 Militant Strand of Jihad	p. 72
2.5.1 The context	p. 75
2.5.2 The ideologues	p. 77
2.5.3 Ibn Taymlyah (1263-1328)	p. 77
2.5.4 Muhammad ibn 'Abd Al-Wahhab (1703-1792)	p. 79
2.5.5 Muhammad Rashld Rida (1865-1935)	p. 81
2.5.6 Hasan Al-Banna (1906-1949)	p. 82
2.5.7 Abu Al-A" la Al-Mawdudly (1903-1979)	p. 85
2.5.8 Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966)	p. 86
2.5.9 Muhammad 'Abd Al-Salam Faraj (1954-1982)	p. 88
2.6 Concluding Comments	p. 90
2.6.1 Diverse views of jihad	p. 90
2.6.2 Factors contributing to the diversity	p. 91
2.6.3 Different genres	p. 95
2.6.4 Greater jihad first	p. 95
2.6.5 Rethinking past, current and future	p. 96
2.6.6 Conclusion and moving the research forward	p. 98
Chapter 3 'Abd Allah Azzam's Jihad Ideas	p. 99
3.1 Introduction	p. 99
3.2 'Azzam's Worldview	p. 100
3.3 Definition of Jihad	p. 104
3.4 Status of Jihad in Islam	p. 104
3.4.1 The pinnacle of Islam	p. 104
3.4.2 Jihad guarantees glory for Islam	p. 105
3.4.3 Jihad guarantees the survival of Islam	p. 107
3.4.4 Jihad guarantees survival of humanity	p. 108
3.4.5 Jihad produces true Muslims	p. 108
3.4.6 Jihad is the gauge	p. 109
3.5 Other Ideas Relevant to Jihad	p. 109
3.5.1 The importance of intention	p. 109
3.5.2 The division of lands	p. 109
3.5.3 Four stages of Islamic struggle	p. 110
3.5.4 Four steps of jihad	p. 111
3.6 Types of Jihad	p. 114
3.7 Ruling of Jihad	p. 114
3.8 Stages of Revelation	p. 119
3.9 Objectives of Jihad	p. 119
3.10 Who Can Fight for Jihad?	p. 120
3.11 Ethics and Rules of Jihad	p. 121
3.11.1 Da 'wah, warning and declaration	p. 121
3.11.2 Legitimate targets	p. 122
3.11.3 Non-legitimate targets	p. 123
3.11.4 Peace agreement and cease fire	p. 125
3.11.5 Tactics and means	p. 125
3.11.6 Fighting in the sacred months and land	p. 127
3.11.7 Personal ethics & attributes	p. 128
3.11.8 Desertion, retreat and withdrawal	p. 128
3.11.9 Prisoners of war and the vanquished	p. 129
3.11.10 Others	p. 130
3.12 Martyrs	p. 131
3.13 Jihad and Irhab (Terrorism)	p. 131
3.14 The Idea of Al-Qa Idah	p. 133
3.14.1 The concept	p. 133
3.14.2 The qualities	p. 134
3.14.3 The means	p. 136
3.14.4 Eight guiding principles	p. 137
3.15 Commenting on Azzam	p. 138
Chapter 4 Framing Jihad for Mobilisation	p. 143
4.1 Introduction	p. 143
4.2 Azzam's Worldview and Jihad Ideas	p. 146
4.3 From Worldview to Collective Action Frames	p. 152
4.3.1 First frame: Jihad for defending Afghanistan	p. 153
4.3.2 Second frame: Jihad for Islandsm	p. 154
4.3.3 Analysing both frames	p. 155
4.4 Frame Resonance/Alignment	p. 159
4.4.1 The first frame	p. 159
4.4.2 The second frame	p. 164
4.5 Frame Resonance Strategy	p. 166
4.5.1 The first frame	p. 166
4.5.2 The second frame	p. 172
4.6 Emerging Inconsistencies	p. 174
4.7 Frames and Counter-Frames	p. 177
4.7.1 Enemy	p. 177
4.7.2 Non-Muslims	p. 178
4.7.3 Fellow Muslims	p. 179
4.8 Conclusion	p. 184
Chapter 5 The Implication of 'Azzam's Ideas for National Security	p. 189
5.1 Introduction	p. 189
5.2 'Azzam's Ideas and Security	p. 191
5.3 Not Just Ideas	p. 195
5.3.1 Precipitant event	p. 199
5.3.2 Powerful allies	p. 201
5.4 'Azzam's Ideas and Countering Terrorism	p. 207
5.5 Conclusion	p. 211
Chapter 6 'Azzam & beyond: Insights for Current Counter-Jihadism Work	p. 213
6.1 Introduction	p. 213
6.2 Issues Arising: Insights & Recommendations	p. 214
6.2.1 Addressing 'Azzam's ideas	p. 214
6.2.2 Leveraging oounter-jihadisin from 'Azzam's ideas	p. 220
6.2.3 Not just ideas but also epistemology	p. 224
6.2.4 Promoting debates among jihadists and between jihadists and others	p. 225
6.2.5 Multi-disciplinary approach to the study of jihad	p. 227
6.2.6 Addressing non-ideational structural factors	p. 229
6.3 Conclusion	p. 233
References	p. 237
'Abd Allah Azzam's Materials (Primary Sources)	p. 237
Secondary Sources	p. 250
Other Materials	p. 257
Index	p. 275

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