Measurement and data analysis for engineering and science

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Title:

Personal Author:

Dunn, Patrick F.

Series:

McGraw-Hill series in mechanical engineering

Publication Information:

New York : McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2005

ISBN:

9780072825381

Subject Term:

Physical measurements -- Textbooks

Statistics -- Textbooks

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010060060	QC39 D86 2005	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
Searching... SPACE KL Main Library	30000010051047	QC39 D86 2005	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Dunn's Measurement and Data Analysis for Engineering & Science places emphasis on the process of experimentation, rather than the products of experimentation. Dunn's objective is to expose undergraduates and experimentalists to the essential tools of experimentation, to the scientific detail behind these tools, and to the role of experimentation in the scientific process. Guided by worked examples, MATLAB sidebars, and laboratory exercises, the reader builds a strong working knowledge while moving progressively through the text. The first three chapters of the text cover the basics - experimental methods, units & significant figures, technical communications and basic electronics. Hardware issues are then presented, with a focus on measurement systems, and calibration & response. The final chapters deal with data analysis, with an overview of basic probability & statistics, uncertainty analysis, signal characteristics, and digital signal analysis. Following the text chapters, a full laboratory manual, with an introduction and twelve lab experiments, is included. engineering experiments, which are taken from a variety of engineering subject areas. Throughout the book computer techniques are discussed, and specific MATLAB applications are included, for problem modeling, exploration and solution. MATLAB sidebars are used to present MATLAB, and associated M-files are provided on the Web site.

Preface	p. xv
Basics
Chapter 1 Experiments	p. 3
1.1 Chapter Overview	p. 4
1.2 Learning Objectives	p. 4
1.3 Role of Experiments	p. 4
1.4 The Experiment	p. 6
1.5 Experimental Approach	p. 9
1.6 Classification of Experiments	p. 9
References	p. 10
Review Problems	p. 11
Homework Problems	p. 11
Chapter Review	p. 12
Chapter 2 Units and Significant Figures	p. 15
2.1 Chapter Overview	p. 16
2.2 Learning Objectives	p. 16
2.3 English and Metric Systems	p. 16
2.4 Systems of Units	p. 18
2.5 SI Standards	p. 22
2.6 Technical English and SI Conversion Factors	p. 23
2.6.1 Length	p. 23
2.6.2 Area and Volume	p. 24
2.6.3 Density	p. 24
2.6.4 Mass and Weight	p. 25
2.6.5 Force	p. 27
2.6.6 Work and Energy	p. 28
2.6.7 Power	p. 29
2.6.8 Temperature	p. 29
2.6.9 Other Properties	p. 29
2.7 Prefixes	p. 31
2.8 Significant Figures	p. 33
References	p. 36
Review Problems	p. 36
Homework Problems	p. 37
Chapter Review	p. 39
Chapter 3 Technical Communication	p. 41
3.1 Chapter Overview	p. 42
3.2 Learning Objectives	p. 42
3.3 Guidelines for Writing	p. 42
3.3.1 Writing in General	p. 42
3.3.2 Writing Technical Memoranda	p. 43
3.3.3 Number and Unit Formats	p. 45
3.3.4 Graphical Presentation	p. 45
3.4 The Technical Memo	p. 51
3.5 The Technical Report	p. 53
3.6 The Oral Technical Presentation	p. 54
References	p. 56
Review Problems	p. 57
Chapter Review	p. 57
Chapter 4 Basic Electronics	p. 59
4.1 Chapter Overview	p. 60
4.2 Learning Objectives	p. 60
4.3 Concepts and Definitions	p. 60
4.3.1 Electric Charge	p. 61
4.3.2 Electric Current	p. 61
4.3.3 Electric Force	p. 62
4.3.4 Electric Field	p. 62
4.3.5 Electric Potential	p. 62
4.3.6 Electric Resistance and Resistivity	p. 63
4.3.7 Electric Power	p. 64
4.3.8 Electric Capacitance	p. 64
4.3.9 Electric Inductance	p. 64
4.4 Circuit Elements	p. 65
4.4.1 The Resistor	p. 66
4.4.2 The Capacitor	p. 66
4.4.3 The Inductor	p. 66
4.4.4 The Transitor	p. 66
4.4.5 The Voltage Source	p. 67
4.4.6 The Current Source	p. 68
4.5 RLC Combinations	p. 68
4.6 Elementary DC Circuit Analysis	p. 71
4.7 Elementary AC Circuit Analysis	p. 75
4.8 Equivalent Circuits	p. 77
4.9 Meters	p. 80
4.10 Impedance Matching and Loading Error	p. 81
4.11 Electrical Noise	p. 84
References	p. 85
Review Problems	p. 86
Homework Problems	p. 88
Chapter Review	p. 91
Hardware
Chapter 5 Calibration and Response	p. 93
5.1 Chapter Overview	p. 94
5.2 Learning Objectives	p. 94
5.3 Static Response Characterization	p. 94
5.4 Dynamic Response Characterization	p. 97
5.5 Zero-Order System Dynamic Response	p. 100
5.6 First-Order System Dynamic Response	p. 101
5.6.1 Response to Step-Input Forcing	p. 102
5.6.2 Response to Sinusoidal-Input Forcing	p. 104
5.7 Second-Order System Dynamic Response	p. 110
5.7.1 Response to Step-Input Forcing	p. 113
5.7.2 Response to Sinusoidal-Input Forcing	p. 117
5.8 Higher-Order System Dynamic Response	p. 119
5.9 Numerical Solution Methods	p. 121
References	p. 123
Review Problems	p. 123
Homework Problems	p. 124
Chapter Review	p. 126
Chapter 6 Measurement Systems	p. 129
6.1 Chapter Overview	p. 130
6.2 Learning Objectives	p. 130
6.3 Measurement System Elements	p. 131
6.4 Sensors and Transducers	p. 133
6.4.1 Sensor Principles	p. 134
6.4.2 Examples of Sensors	p. 136
6.4.3 Sensor Scaling	p. 141
6.5 Amplifiers	p. 144
6.6 Filters	p. 148
6.7 Analog-to-Digital Converters	p. 155
6.8 Example Measurement Systems	p. 158
References	p. 165
Review Problems	p. 166
Homework Problems	p. 166
Chapter Review	p. 170
Analyses
Chapter 7 Probability	p. 173
7.1 Chapter Overview	p. 174
7.2 Learning Objectives	p. 174
7.3 Relation to Measurements	p. 174
7.4 Basic Concepts in Probability	p. 175
7.4.1 Union and Intersection of Sets	p. 176
7.4.2 Conditional Probability	p. 177
7.4.3 Coincidences	p. 181
7.4.4 Permutations and Combinations	p. 182
7.4.5 Birthday Problems	p. 183
7.5 Sample Versus Population	p. 184
7.6 Plotting Statistical Information	p. 185
7.7 The Probability Density Function	p. 194
7.8 Central Moments	p. 199
7.9 The Probability Distribution Function	p. 203
References	p. 204
Review Problems	p. 205
Homework Problems	p. 207
Chapter Review	p. 208
Chapter 8 Statistics	p. 211
8.1 Chapter Overview	p. 212
8.2 Learning Objectives	p. 212
8.3 Various Probability Density Functions	p. 213
8.3.1 Binomial Distribution	p. 213
8.3.2 Poisson Distribution	p. 216
8.3.3 Normal Distribution	p. 217
8.4 Normalized Variables	p. 221
8.5 Student's t Distribution	p. 226
8.6 The Standard Deviation of the Means	p. 233
8.7 Pooling Samples	p. 235
8.8 Hypothesis Testing	p. 236
8.9 The Chi-Square Distribution	p. 240
8.9.1 Estimating the True Variance	p. 243
8.9.2 Establishing a Rejection Criterion	p. 246
8.9.3 Comparing Observed and Expected Distributions	p. 247
8.10 Design of Experiments	p. 248
8.11 Factorial Design	p. 251
References	p. 254
Review Problems	p. 255
Homework Problems	p. 256
Chapter Review	p. 258
Chapter 9 Uncertainty Analysis	p. 261
9.1 Chapter Overview	p. 262
9.2 Learning Objectives	p. 262
9.3 Uncertainty	p. 262
9.4 Comparing Theory and Measurement	p. 264
9.5 Uncertainty as an Estimated Variance	p. 266
9.6 Systematic and Random Errors	p. 267
9.7 Measurement Process Errors	p. 269
9.8 Quantifying Uncertainties	p. 271
9.9 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis	p. 272
9.10 General Uncertainty Analysis	p. 274
9.10.1 Single-Measurement Measurand Experiment	p. 276
9.10.2 Single-Measurement Result Experiment	p. 281
9.11 Detailed Uncertainty Analysis	p. 288
9.11.1 Multiple-Measurement Measurand Experiment	p. 292
9.11.2 Multiple-Measurement Result Experiment	p. 294
9.12 Uncertainty Analysis Summary	p. 296
9.13 Finite-Difference Uncertainties	p. 299
9.13.1 Derivative Approximation	p. 299
9.13.2 Integral Approximation	p. 301
9.13.3 Uncertainty Estimate Approximation	p. 307
References	p. 308
Review Problems	p. 309
Homework Problems	p. 311
Chapter Review	p. 314
Chapter 10 Regression and Correlation	p. 317
10.1 Chapter Overview	p. 318
10.2 Learning Objectives	p. 318
10.3 Least-Squares Approach	p. 319
10.4 Least-Squares Regression Analysis	p. 320
10.5 Linear Analysis	p. 321
10.6 Higher-Order Analysis	p. 324
10.7 Regression Parameters	p. 326
10.8 Uncertainty from Measurement Error	p. 329
10.9 Determining the Appropriate Fit	p. 330
10.10 Confidence Intervals	p. 336
10.11 Multivariable Linear Analysis	p. 343
10.12 Linear Correlation Analysis	p. 346
10.13 Signal Correlations in Time	p. 352
10.13.1 Autocorrelation	p. 353
10.13.2 Cross-Correlation	p. 356
References	p. 360
Review Problems	p. 360
Homework Problems	p. 361
Chapter Review	p. 363
Chapter 11 Signal Characteristics	p. 365
11.1 Chapter Overview	p. 366
11.2 Learning Objectives	p. 366
11.3 Signal Characterization	p. 366
11.4 Signal Variables	p. 369
11.5 Complex Numbers and Waves	p. 372
11.6 Signal Statistical Parameters	p. 374
11.7 Fourier Series of a Periodic Signal	p. 379
11.8 Exponential Fourier Series	p. 387
11.9 Spectral Representations	p. 389
11.10 The Continuous Fourier Transform	p. 390
11.11 Continuous Fourier Transform Properties	p. 393
References	p. 395
Review Problems	p. 395
Homework Problems	p. 397
Chapter Review	p. 398
Chapter 12 Digital Signal Analysis	p. 401
12.1 Chapter Overview	p. 402
12.2 Learning Objectives	p. 402
12.3 Digital Sampling	p. 402
12.4 Discrete Fourier Transform	p. 405
12.5 Fast Fourier Transform	p. 408
12.6 Aliasing	p. 411
12.7 Amplitude Ambiguity	p. 415
12.8 Windowing	p. 424
References	p. 429
Review Problems	p. 429
Homework Problems	p. 429
Chapter Review	p. 431
Appendix A Symbols	p. 433
Appendix B Glossary	p. 437
Appendix C Conversions	p. 449
Appendix D Learning Objective Nomenclature	p. 453
Appendix E Physical Principles	p. 455
Appendix F Review Puzzle Solutions	p. 461
Appendix G Problem Solutions	p. 465
G.1 Review Problems	p. 465
G.2 Homework Problems	p. 466
Appendix H Laboratory Exercises	p. 467
H.1 Exercise 1--Measurement, Modeling, and Uncertainty	p. 468
H.2 Exercise 2--Resistance and Strain	p. 471
H.3 Exercise 3--Strain-Gage-Instrumented Beam: Calibration and Use	p. 473
H.4 Exercise 4--Propeller Dynamometer: Static Thrust, Torque, and RPM Measurement	p. 480
H.5 Exercise 5--Solid Rocket Motor: Transient Thrust Measurement	p. 486
H.6 Exercise 6--Rocket Launch: Altitude Prediction and Measurement	p. 487
H.7 Exercise 7--Cylinder in Cross-Flow: Pressure and Velocity Measurements	p. 490
H.8 Exercise 8--Digital Oscilloscope and Function Generator	p. 495
H.9 Exercise 9--Digital Data Acquisition	p. 501
H.10 Exercise 10--Dynamic Response of Measurement Systems	p. 506
H.11 Exercise 11--Optics of Lenses, Lasers, and Detectors	p. 512
H.12 Exercise 12--Statistical Analysis of Data Using MATLAB	p. 520
Appendix I Derivations	p. 523
Index	p. 531

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