Study of movement speeds down stairs

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Title:

Personal Author:

Hoskins, Bryan L.

Series:

SpringerBriefs in fire

Publication Information:

New York : Springer, c2013

Physical Description:

xi, 70 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.

ISBN:

9781461439721

Subject Term:

Buildings -- Evacuation -- Mathematical models

Added Author:

Milke, James A.

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010321903	TH9410 H67 2013	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

The Study of Movement Speeds Down Stairs closely examines forty-three unique case studies on movement patterns down stairwells. These studies include observations made during evacuation drills, others made during normal usage, interviews with people after fire evacuations, recommendations made from compiled studies, and detailed results from laboratory studies. The methodology used in each study for calculating density and movement speed, when known, are also presented, and this book identifies an additional seventeen variables linked to altering movement speeds.The Study of Movement Speeds Down Stairs is intended for researchers as a reference guide for evaluating pedestrian evacuation dynamics down stairwells. Practitioners working in a related field may also find this book invaluable.

1 Study Types	p. 1
1.1 Fire Drills	p. 1
1.2 Normal Use	p. 1
1.3 Real Fires	p. 2
1.4 Compiled Works	p. 2
1.5 Laboratory Studies	p. 2
References	p. 2
2 Measurement Methods	p. 5
2.1 Movement Speed Measurements	p. 5
2.1.1 Landing Calculation	p. 6
2.1.2 Treads Calculation	p. 6
2.1.3 Combined Travel Distance Calculation Method	p. 6
2.2 Observed Movement Speeds	p. 6
2.3 Density Measurements	p. 7
2.3.1 Fluctuations in Density	p. 9
2.3.2 Landing Area	p. 10
2.3.3 Tread Area	p. 10
2.3.4 Combined Landing and Tread Areas	p. 11
2.4 Observed Densities	p. 11
2.5 Equations	p. 11
References	p. 15
3 Additional Variables	p. 19
3.1 Perception of Drill	p. 19
3.2 Stair Width	p. 20
3.3 Stair Conditions	p. 20
3.4 Exit Selection	p. 20
3.5 Weather	p. 21
3.6 Groups	p. 21
3.7 Occupant Spacing	p. 21
3.8 Gender	p. 22
3.9 Age	p. 23
3.10 Carrying	p. 23
3.11 Handrail Use	p. 23
3.12 Fatigue	p. 24
3.13 Body Size	p. 24
3.14 Pre-evacuation Time	p. 24
3.15 Passing	p. 25
3.16 Merging	p. 26
3.17 Counterflow	p. 26
References	p. 26
4 Summary	p. 29
References	p. 30
Appendix A: Details of Previous Studies	p. 31

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