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Summary
Summary
The purpose of the book is twofold: first, to focus the attention of trade researchers on theoretical, methodological, and empirical issues arising from inconsistencies between neoclassical trade theory and actual patterns of international commerce in processed food and beverages; second, to identify the implications of these issues for public policy.In the agro-food complex, research and policy analysis up to this day has been mostly directed at agricultural commodities such as wheat, corn, etc. However, the fact is that trade in processed foods exceeds that of agricultural commodities. Furthermore, international commerce in processed foods is characterized by traits not found in trade of agricultural commodities. These include intra-industry trade, economies of scale, foreign direct investment, multinational enterprises, vertical integration, foreign production, and others. Thus, existing trade models of agricultural commodities are not sufficient to explain international commerce in processed foods. Therefore, trade policy prescriptions are not symmetric between agricultural commodities and processed food products.The chapters in this book shed light on the different characteristics of the international commerce in processed foods, both theoretically and empirically. The book is organized into two parts. The first part contains chapters that are central to general concepts underlying international commerce in processed foods. The second part contains six chapters that report research applied to specific regions or goods to investigate several aspects of the globalization of the processed food industry.
Author Notes
Daniel H. Pick is an economist for the Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dennis R. Henderson is emeritus professor of agricultural economics at Ohio State University. Jean D. Kinsey is director of the Retail Food Industry Center and professor of applied economics at the University of Minnesota. Ian M. Sheldon is associate professor of agricultural economics at Ohio State University.
Table of Contents
Preface | p. ix |
1 Introduction | p. 1 |
Part 1 Global Markets in Concept and Practice | p. 5 |
2 International Commerce in Processed Foods: Patterns and Curiosities | p. 7 |
References | p. 31 |
3 Trade and Industrial Policies Affecting Processed Foods | p. 33 |
References | p. 53 |
Notes | p. 53 |
4 Is Strategic Trade Policy Practical | p. 55 |
Notes | p. 73 |
References | p. 73 |
5 Intra-Industry Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in Processed Food as Alternatives to Trade Theory | p. 75 |
Notes | p. 90 |
References | p. 91 |
6 Multinational Enterprises and Trade Theory | p. 95 |
Notes | p. 115 |
References | p. 116 |
7 Foreign Direct Investment and Internalization in Processed Foods | p. 121 |
References | p. 132 |
Notes | p. 132 |
8 International Firms in the Manufacture and Distribution of Processed Foods | p. 135 |
References | p. 154 |
Appendix A Data Sources Used in This Research | p. 158 |
9 Vertical Markets in International Trade | p. 161 |
Notes | p. 177 |
References | p. 178 |
10 International Vertical Markets in Processed Foods | p. 181 |
Notes | p. 194 |
Acknowledgments | p. 194 |
Notes | p. 195 |
11 Theory and Practice in Perspective | p. 197 |
Notes | p. 207 |
References | p. 207 |
Part 2 Related Studies | p. 209 |
12 Wine Quality and Price: a Hedonic Approach | p. 211 |
Notes | p. 220 |
References | p. 221 |
13 Export Subsidy Switching Under the Uruguay Round Commitments: the Case of Wheat and Wheat Flour | p. 223 |
Notes | p. 239 |
References | p. 240 |
14 Sources of Growth and Competitiveness of U.S. Food Processing | p. 241 |
Notes | p. 252 |
References | p. 253 |
Appendix | p. 254 |
15 Looking in All the Right Places: Where Are the Economies of Scale? | p. 255 |
Notes | p. 274 |
References | p. 275 |
16 Farm Output and Employment Links from Processed Food Exports: a Comparison of Brazil, Mexico, and the United States | p. 277 |
Notes | p. 294 |
References | p. 295 |
17 Foreign Production by U.S. Food Processing Firms: a Transaction Cost Approach | p. 297 |
Notes | p. 309 |
References | p. 310 |
About the Editors and Contributors | p. 313 |