Theories and manifestoes of contemporary architecture

Title:

Edition:

2nd ed.

Publication Information:

Chichester, West Sussex : Wiley-Academy, 2006

ISBN:

9780470014691

Subject Term:

Architecture, Modern -- 20th century

Architecture, Modern -- 20th century -- Philosophy

Architecture, Modern -- 21st century

Architecture, Modern -- 21st century -- Philosophy

Added Author:

Jencks, Charles

Kropf, Karl

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The second half of the 20th Century witnessed an outburst of theories and manifestoes that explored the possibilities of architecture: it's language, evolution and social relevance. The many 'crises in architecture' and emerging urban and ecological problems questioned the current orthodoxy: Modernism was criticised, questioned and overthrown, only to be extended, subverted and revivified. The result was a cascade of new theories, justifications and recipes for building. This anthology, first edited in 1997, brought together a coherent collection of texts that tracked these important shifts from all the major architectural thinkers and practitioners.

In this new edition of the book, over twenty additional extracts are published that present an entirely new axis for architectural thinking. Whereas much of the 20th-Century thought was dominated by the 'perceived crisis' in Modernity, 'the new paradigm' or 'complexity paradigm' has been excited by the possibilities of Emergence in the Science of Complexity and Chaos theory. The reach of complexity is expressed through the primacy of Benoit Mandelbrot's theories on geometry, with an extract from his manifesto on fractals; and furthered through an outline of Emergence by Steven Johnson. It is also handled through texts that focus on the diagram and are demonstrated in its more applied form through passages dealing with the global city and culture.

Essential for the student and practitioner alike, Theories and Manifestoes since its first edition has established itself as the touchstone book for architectural thought. It features seminal texts by Reyner Banham, Peter Eisenman, Frank Gehry, Rem Koolhaas, Colin Rowe and Robert Venturi. This is now ejected with greater currency with extracts from: Cecil Balmond, Foreign Office Architects, Daniel Libeskind, MVRDV, Lars Spuybroek, UN Studio and West 8.

Author Notes

Charles Jencks was born in Baltimore in 1939 and studied under the modern architectural historians Siegfried Geidon and Reyner Banham at Harvard and the Architectural Association in London. Known for his books questioning modern architecture and defining successive movements, he now divides his time between lecturing, writing and garden-design products in the UK, Europe and USA. His own innovative work includes dramatic and award-winning landscaping project, landform, for the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art. He is a trustee of the Maggie's Centres, the charity he co-founded with Maggie Keswick in 1995, which has quickly established itself as an important architectural patron, commissioning architects to design innovative recuperative centres for cancer care.

Karl Kropf is an urbanist engaged in both theoretical research and practice, focusing on the morphogenesis and dynamics of urban form. With a background in the sciences, history and design, he is head of spatial planning and research at Roger Evans Associates and a member of the Urban Morphology Research Group. He has worked for a number of firms, including Skidmore Owings and Merrill in San Francisco, and as a consultant in France and the UK.

Charles JencksJames StirlingJames StirlingKevin LynchN John HabrakenJane JacobsAldo Van EyckChristopher AlexanderChristian Norberg-SchulzAldo RossiRobert VenturiCharles JencksGiancarlo De CarloCharles Jencks and Nathan SilverRobert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown and Steven IzenourCharles JencksRob KrierColin Rowe and Fred KoetterJoseph RykwertAldo RossiKisho KurokawaKent C Bloomer and Charles W MooreLeon KrierAnthony VidlerChristopher AlexanderDolores HaydenCharles JencksPaolo PortoghesiMichael GravesOswald Mathias UngersKenneth FramptonLucien KrollKisho KurokawaSteven HollFrank O GehryItsuko HasegawaEric Owen MossFrank O GehryJeffrey KipnisGreg LynnArata IsozakiCharles JencksIan MchargSim Van Der Ryn and Sterling BunnellAnne Whiston SpirnNancy Jack Todd and John ToddHassan FathyKenneth YeangChristopher DayJames WinesBrenda and Robert ValeWilliam McDonoughPeter CalthorpeKenneth YeangSim Van Der Ryn and Stuart CowanHassan FathyRobert MaguireDavid WatkinMaurice CulotDemetri PorphyriosLeon KrierRobert Am SternAlexander Tzonis and Liane LefaivreQuinlan TerryAllan GreenbergRoger ScrutonPhilip JohnsonAlison and Peter Smithson and Theo CrosbyPaul RudolphReyner BanhamCedric PriceAlison and Peter SmithsonChristopher AlexanderJohn HejdukFumihiko MakiPeter CookReyner BanhamLouis I KahnCedric PricePeter EisenmanManfredo TafuriPhilip JohnsonLionel MarchRichard RogersKenneth FramptonTadao AndoPeter RiceIan RitchiePeter EisenmanBernard TschumiCoop HimmelblauRem KoolhaasDaniel LibeskindCoop HimmelblauBernard TschumiZaha HadidZaha HadidDaniel LibeskindPeter EisenmanJohn HejdukCoop HimmelblauJeffrey KipnisMark WigleyDaniel LibeskindPeter EisenmanWill AlsopThom MayneLebbeus WoodsRem KoolhaasRem KoolhaasBenoit B MandelbrotHoward RaggattMichael Batty and Paul LongleyBen Van Berkel and Caroline BosGreg LynnRobert E SomolSteven JohnsonDaniel LibeskindBart LootsmaLars SpuybroekCecil BalmondSaskia SassenStan Allen and James CornerZaha HadidCharles JencksRem KoolhaasMichael WeinstockPeter Eisenman

Introduction: The Volcano and the Tablet	p. 2
Post-Modern	p. 13
1955 From Garches to Jaoul: Le Corbusier as Domestic Architect in 1927 and 1953	p. 14
1956 Ronchamp: Le Corbusier's Chapel and the Crisis of Rationalism	p. 16
1960 The Image of the City	p. 18
1961 Supports: An Alternative to Mass Housing	p. 22
1961 The Death and Life of Great American Cities	p. 24
1962 Team 10 Primer	p. 27
1965 A City is not a Tree	p. 30
1965 Intentions in Architecture	p. 33
1966 The Architecture of the City	p. 36
1966 Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture	p. 40
1969 Semiology and Architecture	p. 43
1970 Architecture's Public	p. 47
1972 Adhocism	p. 49
1972 Learning from Las Vegas	p. 52
1975 The Rise of Post Modern Architecture	p. 57
1975 Urban Space	p. 59
1975 Collage City	p. 61
1975 Ornament is no Crime	p. 65
1976 An Analogical Architecture	p. 66
1977 Metabolism in Architecture	p. 68
1977 Body, Memory and Architecture	p. 71
1978 Rational Architecture: The Reconstruction of the City	p. 75
1978 The Third Typology	p. 77
1979 The Timeless Way of Building	p. 80
1980 What Would a Non-Sexist City Be Like? Speculations on Housing, Urban Design and Human Work	p. 84
1980 Towards a Radical Eclecticism	p. 86
1980 The End of Prohibitionism	p. 88
1980 Notes on the Philosophy of SITE	p. 90
1982 A Case for Figurative Architecture	p. 93
1982 Architecture as Theme	p. 94
1983 Towards a Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance	p. 97
1983 The Architecture of Complexity	p. 101
1984 The Memphis Idea	p. 104
1987 The Philosophy of Symbiosis	p. 106
1989 Anchoring	p. 109
1991 On his own House	p. 111
1991 Architecture as Another Nature	p. 113
1991 Which Truth Do You Want To Tell	p. 115
1993 On The American Center, Paris: An Interview	p. 118
1993 Towards a New Architecture: Folding	p. 121
1993 Architectural Curvilinearity: The Folded, the Pliant and the Supple	p. 125
1996 The Island Nation Aesthetic	p. 128
1996 13 Propositions of Post-Modern Architecture	p. 131
Post Modern Ecology	p. 133
1969 Design with Nature	p. 134
1979 Integral Design	p. 136
1984 The Granite Garden	p. 139
1984 Bioshelters, Ocean Arks and City Farming: Ecology as the Basis of Design	p. 141
1986 Natural Energy and Vernacular Architecture	p. 144
1987 Tropical Urban Regionalism	p. 146
1990 Places of the Soul	p. 149
1990 Architect's Statement	p. 152
1991 Principles of Design	p. 154
1991 Green Architecture	p. 157
1992 The Hannover Principles	p. 160
1993 The Next American Metropolis	p. 161
1994 Bioclimatic Skyscrapers	p. 164
1996 Ecological Design	p. 167
Traditional	p. 169
1969 Architecture for the Poor	p. 170
1976 The Value of Tradition	p. 172
1977 Morality and Architecture	p. 174
1978 Reconstruction of the European City	p. 176
1980 Reconstructing the City in Stone	p. 178
1983 Classicism is Not a Style	p. 179
1984 Building and Architecture	p. 182
1984 On Style, Classicism and Pedagogy	p. 183
1985 RIBA Gala Speech	p. 185
1986 Critical Classicism: The Tragic Function	p. 186
1987 Mansion House Speech	p. 189
1989 Traditional Neighbourhood Development Ordinance	p. 191
1989 Architecture and Theology	p. 193
1989 A Vision of Britain	p. 196
1992 Urban Villages	p. 199
1994 Why Classical Architecture is Modern	p. 201
1994 Architectural Principles in an Age of Nihilism	p. 203
Late Modern	p. 207
1954 The Seven Crutches of Modern Architecture	p. 208
1955 The New Brutalism	p. 211
1956 The Six Determinants of Architectural Form	p. 213
1960 Theory and Design in the First Machine Age	p. 216
1962 Activity and Change	p. 217
1962 Team 10 Primer	p. 218
1964 Notes on the Synthesis of Form	p. 220
1964 Universal Structure	p. 224
1964 Statement	p. 226
1964 The Megastructure	p. 227
1966 Description of the Microevent/Microenvironment	p. 229
1968 The Metamorphosis of an English Town (drawing)	p. 232
1969 The Architecture of the Well-Tempered Environment	p. 234
1969 Silence and Light	p. 236
1969 Non-Plan	p. 239
1972 Cardboard Architecture	p. 241
1973 Architecture and Utopia	p. 244
1975 What Makes Me Tick	p. 246
1975 Statement	p. 248
1976 The Logic of Design and the Question of Value	p. 250
1985 Observations on Architecture	p. 252
1990 Rappel a l'Ordre, the Case for the Tectonic	p. 254
1991 Beyond Horizons in Architecture	p. 256
1994 The Role of the Engineer	p. 259
1994 (Well) Connected Architecture	p. 261
New Modern	p. 265
1976 Post-Functionalism	p. 266
1977 The Pleasure of Architecture	p. 268
1978 The Future of Splendid Desolation	p. 269
1978 Delirious New York: A Retroactive Manifesto for Manhattan	p. 271
1979 End Space	p. 274
1980 Architecture Must Blaze	p. 276
1981 The Manhattan Transcripts	p. 277
1982 Randomness vs Arbitrariness	p. 279
1983 The Eighty-Nine Degrees	p. 280
1983 Unoriginal Signs	p. 281
1984 The End of the Classical: The End of the End, the End of the Beginning	p. 282
1986 Thoughts of an Architect	p. 285
1988 The Dissipation of Our Bodies in the City	p. 286
1988 Forms of Irrationality	p. 288
1988 Deconstructivist Architecture	p. 291
1991 Upside Down X	p. 293
1992 Visions' Unfolding: Architecture in the Age of Electronic Media	p. 295
1993 Towards an Architecture of Practical Delight	p. 298
1993 Connected Isolation	p. 301
1993 Manifesto	p. 304
1994 What Ever Happened to Urbanism?	p. 305
1994 Bigness: or the Problem of Large	p. 307
Complexity Paradigm	p. 313
1977 The Fractal Geometry of Nature	p. 314
1991 Fringe de Cringe	p. 318
1997 The Fractal City	p. 321
1999 Diagrams	p. 325
1999 Animate Form	p. 328
1999 Metacity/Datatown	p. 331
1999 Dummy Text, or the Diagrammatic Basis of Contemporary Architecture	p. 333
2000 On Instruments: Diagrams, Drawing and Graphs	p. 337
2000 Base, Colonisation, Void Totem Contemplation	p. 340
2001 Emergence	p. 343
2001 The Space of Encounter	p. 346
2001 Architecture in the Second Modernity	p. 348
2001 Machining Architecture	p. 351
2002 Informal	p. 353
2002 The Yokohama Project	p. 354
2002 The Global City: Introducing a Concept and its History	p. 356
2002 Versioning	p. 359
2003 Urban Natures	p. 361
2004 Explosions; Compressions; Swarms, Aggregations, Pixelations; Carved Spaces, Excavations	p. 364
2004 Towards an Iconography of the Present	p. 366
2004 Junkspace	p. 370
2004 Morphogenesis and the Mathematics of Emergence	p. 373
2005 The Diagram as a Space of Difference: The MAK Exhibition: Excerpts from a Text	p. 376
Editors' Note	p. 378

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Summary

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Author Notes

Table of Contents