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Summary
Summary
Since publication of the first edition in 1976, The Building Regulations: Explained and Illustrated has provided a detailed, authoritative, highly illustrated and accessible guide to the regulations that must be adhered to when constructing, altering or extending a building in England and Wales.
This latest edition has been fully revised throughout. Much of the content has been completely rewritten to cover the substantial changes to the Regulations since publication of the 13th edition, to ensure it continues to provide the detailed guidance needed by all those concerned with building work, including architects, building control officers, Approved Inspectors, Competent Persons, building surveyors, engineers, contractors and students in the relevant disciplines.
Author Notes
M. J. Billington, BSc, MRICS, MIoR, who has worked on various editions of this book since 1986, is a Chartered Building Surveyor. He was formerly Senior Lecturer in building control and construction at De Montfort University, Leicester, before leaving to join the private sector, where he continued to act as visiting lecturer at a number of universities. Currently he is Managing Director of Construction Auditing Services Ltd, a company that specialises in latent defects technical auditing, and is Chairman of Certass Ltd, one of the leading Building Regulations Competent Persons Schemes for building fabric. Mike is a regular contributor to Knights Building Regulations and is widely published in the fields of building control and building surveying.
S. P. Barnshaw, BSc(Hons), MRICS, C.Build E, FCABE is Associate Director - Technical at jhai Limited. Qualified as a Chartered Surveyor and Chartered Building Engineer, Stephen has 30 years experience in the building surveying and building control profession. He has managed services within the private and public sectors and worked on a wide range of high profile buildings and frameworks. He has also been involved in professional training for many years and is Chair of an RICS professional membership panel.
K. T. Bright, MSc, FRICS, FBEng, MCIOB, NRAC (Consultant), is Emeritus Professor of Inclusive Environments at the University of Reading and Visiting Professor of Inclusive Environments in the School of Art and Design at the University of Ulster. He has published widely in academic and practice journals and is the author and editor of several highly regarded reference books related to the development of inclusive environments.
A. Crooks, FRICS, C.BuildE, FCABE, MIFireE is Chief Executive at jhai limited, one of the UK's largest approved inspectors. Andrew is a Chartered Surveyor, Chartered Building and Fire Engineer and has 25 years of industry experience delivering services within the private and public sectors on a wide range of buildings and frameworks. He is an RICS and CABE professional membership Chairman and Assessor and a member of the CICAIR Ltd Committees relating to the regulation of Approved Inspectors.
Table of Contents
About the author | p. xi |
Preface to the fourteenth edition | p. xiii |
Acknowledgements | p. xvii |
I Legal and administrative | |
1 Building control: An overview | p. 1.1 |
1.1 Introduction | p. 1.1 |
1.2 The Building Act 1984 | p. 1.2 |
1.3 The linked powers | p. 1.3 |
1.4 Building Regulations | p. 1.4 |
1.3 Building Regulations: Exemptions | p. 1.6 |
1.6 Dangerous structures, etc. | p. 1.10 |
1.7 Other legislation | p. 1.12 |
2 The Building Regulations and Approved Documents | p. 2.1 |
2.1 Introduction | p. 2.1 |
2.2 Division of the Regulations | p. 2.1 |
2.3 Approved Documents | p. 2.6 |
2.4 Definitions in the Regulations | p. 2.10 |
2.5 Exempt buildings and work | p. 2.17 |
2.6 Application of the Regulations | p. 2.19 |
2.7 Regulation requirements | p. 2.24 |
2.8 Schedule 1: Technical requirements | p. 2.25 |
2.9 Relaxation of regulation requirements | p. 2.26 |
2.10 Type relaxations | p. 2.27 |
2.11 Continuing requirements | p. 2.28 |
2.12 Testing and sampling | p. 2.28 |
2.13 Testing and Commissioning | p. 2.29 |
2.14 Unauthorised building work | p. 2.30 |
2.15 Contravening works | p. 2.31 |
3 Local authority control | p. 3.1 |
3.1 Introduction | p. 3.1 |
3.2 The local authority | p. 3.2 |
3.3 Building notice procedure | p. 3.2 |
3.4 Exemptions from the requirement to give a building notice or deposit full plans | p. 3.4 |
3.5 Deposit of plans | p. 3.4 |
3.6 Notice requirements | p. 3.7 |
3.7 Completion certificate | p. 3.9 |
4 Private certification | p. 4.1 |
4.1 Introduction | p. 4.1 |
4.2 Insurance requirements | p. 4.2 |
4.3 Approval of inspectors | p. 4.4 |
4.4 Approved persons and self-certification by competent persons | p. 4.8 |
4.5 Self-certification schemes and the Approved Inspector | p. 4.8 |
4.6 Independence of Approved Inspectors | p. 4.9 |
4.7 Approval of public bodies | p. 4.9 |
4.8 Private certification procedure | p. 4.10 |
4.9 Plans certificates | p. 4.19 |
4.10 Final certificates | p. 4.20 |
4.11 Public body's notices and certificates | p. 4.21 |
4.12 Prescribed forms | p. 4.21 |
5 Work under the supervision of a competent person | p. 5.1 |
5.1 Introduction | p. 5.1 |
5.2 Principles of self-certification | p. 5.2 |
5.3 Benefits of competent person schemes | p. 5.2 |
5.4 Joining a competent person scheme | p. 5.5 |
5.5 Legislative background | p. 5.6 |
5.6 Building regulation requirements | p. 5.6 |
5.7 Self- assessment | p. 5.11 |
5.8 Non -notification | p. 5.12 |
5.9 Regulation 20 applied to local authorities | p. 5.14 |
5.10 Regulation 20 applied to Approved Inspectors | p. 5.14 |
5.11 Approval of competent person schemes | p. 5.14 |
II Technical | |
6 Structural stability (Part A) | p. 6.1 |
6.1 Introduction | p. 6.1 |
6.2 Loading | p. 6.2 |
6.3 Ground movement | p. 6.3 |
6.4 Guidance on structural design in buildings of all types | p. 6.3 |
6.5 Structural requirements in existing buildings subject to change of use | p. 6.7 |
6.6 Design of structural members in houses and other small buildings | p. 6.8 |
6.7 Buttressing walls, piers and chimneys | p. 6.25 |
6.8 External wall cladding | p. 6.48 |
6.9 Replacement of roof coverings | p. 6.51 |
6.10 Disproportionate collapse | p. 6.52 |
7 Part 7 - Fire (Part B) | p. 7.1 |
7.1 Introduction | p. 7.1 |
7.2 Terminology | p. 7.6 |
7.3 Occupancy classifications: Purpose groups etc. | p. 7.16 |
7.4 Rules for measurement | p. 7.21 |
7.5 Means of warning and escape in case of fire | p. 7.25 |
7.6 Means of escape | p. 7.26 |
7.7 Interpretation of AD B1 | p. 7.28 |
7.8 General requirements for means of warning and escape | p. 7.31 |
7.9 Rules for measurement for means of escape | p. 7.33 |
7.10 Fire alarm and fire detection systems | p. 7.37 |
7.11 Sprinkler systems | p. 7.44 |
7.12 Means of escape in dwellinghouses | p. 7.46 |
7.13 Flats and maisonettes | p. 7.54 |
7.14 Means of escape from buildings other than dwellinghouses, flats and maisonettes | p. 7.73 |
7.15 General recommendations common to all buildings except dwellinghouses | p. 7.96 |
7.16 Alternative approach to the provision of means of escape in selected premises | p. 7.103 |
7.17 Internal fire spread (linings) | p. 7.112 |
7.18 Internal fire spread (structure) | p. 7.125 |
7.19 Fire resistance and structural stability | p. 7.125 |
7.20 Compartment walls and floors: Construction details | p. 7.143 |
7.21 Concealed spaces (cavities) | p. 7.155 |
7.22 Pipes, ventilation ducts and flues | p. 7.162 |
7.23 Variations to the provisions of parts relating to B3 in the ADs | p. 7.166 |
7.24 External fire spread | p. 7.168 |
7.25 External walls | p. 7.168 |
7.26 Special provisions relating to shopping complexes and buildings used as car parks | p. 7.196 |
7.27 Shopping complexes | p. 7.199 |
7.28 Access and facilities for the fire service | p. 7.199 |
7.29 Firefighting and the use of insulating core panels for internal structures | p. 7.212 |
7.30 Regulation 38: Provision of information | p. 7.215 |
8 Materials, workmanship, site preparation and moisture exclusion (Part C) | p. 8.1 |
8.1 Materials and workmanship | p. 8.1 |
8.2 The influence of European standards | p. 8.2 |
8.3 The Construction Products Regulations 2011 | p. 8.3 |
8.4 Materials and workmanship | p. 8.4 |
8.5 Site preparation and moisture exclusion | p. 8.8 |
9 Toxic substances (Part D) | p. 9.1 |
9.1 Introduction | p. 9.1 |
9.2 Cavity insulation | p. 9.1 |
10 Sound insulation (Part E) | p. 10.1 |
10.1 Introduction | p. 10.1 |
10.2 Performance standards | p. 10.4 |
10.3 Pre-completion testing | p. 10.9 |
10.4 Separating walls and their flanking constructions: New buildings | p. 10.14 |
10.5 Separating floors and their flanking constructions: New buildings | p. 10.37 |
10.6 Dwelling houses and flats formed by material change of use | p. 10.53 |
10.7 Internal walls and floors for new buildings | p. 10.61 |
10.8 Rooms for residential purposes | p. 10.66 |
10.9 Robust Details: An alternative to pre-completion testing | p. 10.69 |
10.10 Reverberation in common parts of buildings | p. 10.73 |
10.11 School acoustics | p. 10.79 |
10.12 Calculation of sound transmission indices | p. 10.79 |
10.13 The calculation of mass | p. 10.86 |
10.14 Explanation of important terms | p. 10.89 |
11 Ventilation (Part F) | p. 11.1 |
11.1 Introduction | p. 11.1 |
11.2 Definition and interpretation of terms | p. 11.2 |
11.3 General principles | p. 11.5 |
11.4 Part F: The requirements and their applicability | p. 11.8 |
11.5 The ventilation of new dwellings | p. 11.11 |
11.6 The ventilation of new buildings other than dwellings | p. 11.29 |
11.7 Work on existing buildings | p. 11.37 |
11.8 Performance-based ventilation | p. 11.39 |
11.9 Passive stack ventilation (PSV) system design | p. 11.44 |
11.10 Ingress of external pollution | p. 11.46 |
12 Sanitation, hot water safety and water efficiency (Part G) | p. 12.1 |
12.1 Introduction | p. 12.1 |
12.2 Definition and interpretation of terms | p. 12.3 |
12.3 Part G1: Cold water supply | p. 12.7 |
12.4 Part G2 and Regulation 36: Water efficiency | p. 12.9 |
12.5 Part G3: Hot water supply and systems | p. 12.12 |
12.6 Part G4: Sanitary conveniences and washing facilities | p. 12.24 |
12.7 Part G5: Bathrooms | p. 12.27 |
12.8 Part G6: Food preparation areas | p. 12.27 |
13 Drainage and waste disposal (Part H) | p. 13.1 |
13.1 Introduction | p. 13.1 |
13.2 Repairs, alterations and discontinued use of drains and sewers | p. 13.1 |
13.3 Sanitary pipework and drainage | p. 13.4 |
13.4 Wastewater treatment systems and cesspools | p. 13.38 |
13.5 Greywater and rainwater storage tanks | p. 13.51 |
13.6 Rainwater drainage | p. 13.52 |
13.7 Rainwater drainage below ground | p. 13.60 |
13.8 Building over existing sewers | p. 13.66 |
13.9 Separate systems of drainage | p. 13.70 |
13.10 Solid waste storage | p. 13.72 |
14 Combustion appliances and fuel storage systems (Part I) | p. 14.1 |
14.1 Introduction | p. 14.1 |
14.2 Interpretation | p. 14.3 |
14.3 Rules for measurement | p. 14.11 |
14.4 Checking the condition of combustion installations before use | p. 14.11 |
14.5 Requirement J1: Air supply | p. 14.13 |
14.6 Requirement J2: Discharge of products of combustion | p. 14.23 |
14.7 Requirement J4: Protection of building against fire and heat | p. 14.47 |
14.8 Repair and reuse of existing flues | p. 14.62 |
14.9 Test methods | p. 14.65 |
14.10 Requirement 15: Provision of information | p. 14.69 |
14.13 Alternative means of compliance | p. 14.71 |
14.12 Requirement J6: Protection of liquid fuel storage systems | p. 14.72 |
14.13 Requirement J7; Protection against pollution | p. 14.77 |
15 Protection from falling, collision and impact (Part K) | p. 15.1 |
15.1 Introduction | p. 15.1 |
15.2 Stairways, ladders and ramps (K1) | p. 15.2 |
15.3 Application | p. 15.2 |
15.4 Interpretation | p. 15.3 |
15.5 General recommendations for stairways and ramps | p. 15.5 |
15.6 Stairway construction | p. 15.7 |
15.7 Internal and external ramps which form part of a building | p. 15.13 |
15.8 Guarding of stairways, ramps and landings | p. 15.14 |
15.9 Access to maintenance areas | p. 15.16 |
15.10 Alternative approach to stairway design | p. 15.17 |
15.11 Protection from falling | p. 15.17 |
15.12 Vehicle barriers and loading bays | p. 15.18 |
15.13 Protection against impact (with glazing) | p. 15.19 |
15.14 Protection from collision with open windows, skylights or ventilators | p. 15.22 |
15.15 Manifestation of glazing | p. 15.25 |
15.16 Safe use of windows, skylights and ventilators | p. 15.25 |
15.17 Safe access for cleaning glazed surfaces | p. 15.27 |
15.18 Generally | p. 15.28 |
15.19 Safe use of doors | p. 15.29 |
15.20 Sources of further guidance | p. 15.30 |
16 Conservation of fuel and power (Part L) | p. 16.1 |
16.1 Introduction | p. 16.1 |
16.2 Definition and interpretation of terms | p. 16.2 |
16.3 The Buildings Regulations 2010 relevant to Part L | p. 16.10 |
16.4 Part L: Exemptions and relaxations from Part L | p. 16.18 |
16.5 Part L: The requirement and general applicability | p. 16.25 |
16.6 Approved Document LIA: Conservation of fuel and power in new dwellings | p. 16.26 |
16.7 Part L1B: Conservation of fuel and power in existing dwellings | p. 16.46 |
16.8 Part L2A: Conservation of fuel and power in new buildings other than dwellings | p. 16.57 |
16.9 Part L2B: Conservation of fuel and power in existing buildings other than dwellings | p. 16.80 |
16.10 U-values | p. 16.95 |
16.11 Part L 2010 Wales | p. 16.126 |
16.12 References | p. 16.127 |
17 Access to and use of buildings (Part M) | p. 17.1 |
17.1 Introduction | p. 17.1 |
17.2 Interpretation | p. 17.6 |
17.3 Application | p. 17.9 |
17.4 Volume 1: Dwellings | p. 17.10 |
17.5 Volume 2: Buildings other than dwellings | p. 17.20 |
17.6 Means of escape in case of fire | p. 17.50 |
17.7 In conclusion | p. 17.50 |
17.8 Sources of further guidance | p. 17.50 |
18 Electrical safety (Part P) | p. 18.1 |
18.1 Introduction | p. 18.1 |
18.2 Requirement PI | p. 18.2 |
18.3 Design and installation | p. 18.3 |
18.4 Application of Part P | p. 18.4 |
18.5 Certification, inspection and testing | p. 18.6 |
18.6 Interpretation | p. 18.8 |
19 Security (Part Q) | p. 19.1 |
19.1 Introduction | p. 19.1 |
19.2 Interpretation | p. 19.2 |
19.3 Requirement Q1: Unauthorised access | p. 19.3 |
19.4 Requirement Q1: Performance | p. 19.3 |
19.5 Doors | p. 19.4 |
19.6 Windows | p. 19.6 |
19.7 Bespoke timber secure doorsets | p. 19.6 |
Index | p. I.1 |