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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
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Searching... | 30000010324800 | TK5105.55 A38 2012 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Today, the internet and computer networking are essential parts of business, learning, and personal communications and entertainment. Virtually all messages or transactions sent over the internet are carried using internet infrastructure- based on advanced internet protocols. Advanced internet protocols ensure that both public and private networks operate with maximum performance, security, and flexibility.
This book is intended to provide a comprehensive technical overview and survey of advanced internet protocols, first providing a solid introduction and going on to discuss internetworking technologies, architectures and protocols. The book also shows application of the concepts in next generation networks and discusses protection and restoration, as well as various tunnelling protocols and applications. The book ends with a thorough discussion of emerging topics.
Author Notes
Mallikarjun Tatipamula is currently with Cisco Systems. Prior to Cisco Systems, he was with the ground systems division at Motorola, where he was involved in gateway systems design for satellite based telecom networks. He has also been a member of several international conference committees.
050
Table of Contents
Preface | p. xi |
Acknowledgments | p. xv |
About the Authors | p. xvii |
1 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Overview | p. 1 |
1.1 Fundamental Architecture | p. 1 |
1.2 Internet Protocol Basics | p. 4 |
1.2.1 Packet Header | p. 5 |
1.2.2 Internet Protocol Address | p. 7 |
1.2.3 Internet Protocol Classification | p. 7 |
1.2.4 Subnet and its Masking | p. 9 |
1.2.5 Subnet Calculation | p. 11 |
1.3 Routing | p. 13 |
1.3.1 Routing across Providers | p. 14 |
1.3.2 Routing within Edge Networks | p. 15 |
1.3.3 Routing Scalability | p. 16 |
References | p. 18 |
2 Transport-Layer Protocols | p. 19 |
2.1 Transmission Control Protocol | p. 19 |
2.1.1 Transmission Control Protocol Header Structure | p. 19 |
2.1.2 Three-Way Handshake | p. 20 |
2.1.3 Transmission Control Protocol Flow Control and Congestion Control | p. 21 |
2.1.4 Port Number | p. 24 |
2.2 User Datagram Protocol | p. 25 |
2.2.1 User Datagram Protocol Header Structure | p. 25 |
2.3 Stream Control Transmission Protocol | p. 26 |
2.3.1 Stream Control Transmission Protocol Packet Structure | p. 26 |
2.3.2 Security: Prevention of SYN Attacks | p. 27 |
2.4 Real-Time Transport Protocol | p. 29 |
2.4.1 Real-Time Transport Protocol Header Structure | p. 29 |
References | p. 30 |
3 Internet Architecture | p. 31 |
3.1 Internet Exchange Point | p. 31 |
3.2 History of Internet Exchange Points | p. 33 |
3.3 Internet Service Provider Interconnection Relationships | p. 34 |
3.4 Peering and Transit | p. 35 References |
4 IP Routing Protocols | p. 39 |
4.1 Overview of Routing Protocols | p. 40 |
4.1.1 Interior Gateway Protocol | p. 41 |
4.1.2 Exterior Gateway Protocol | p. 42 |
4.2 Routing Information Protocol | p. 43 |
4.2.1 Routing Information Protocol Header Format | p. 43 |
4.2.2 Update of Routing Table in Routing Information Protocol | p. 44 |
4.2.3 Maintenance of Routing Table in Routing Information Protocol | p. 46 |
4.2.4 Split Horizon | p. 47 |
4.2.5 Limitations of Routing Information Protocol | p. 47 |
4.3 Open Shortest Path First | p. 48 |
4.3.1 Shortest-Path Algorithm | p. 48 |
4.3.2 Hierarchical Routing | p. 51 |
4.3.3 Open Shortest Path First Packet Format | p. 51 |
4.3.4 Comparison of Routing Information Protocol and Open Shortest Path First | p. 52 |
4.4 Border Gateway Protocol | p. 53 |
4.4.1 Border Gateway Protocol Message Flows | p. 53 |
4.4.2 Border Gateway Protocol Policy Selection Attributes | p. 54 |
References | p. 57 |
5 Multiprotocol Label Switching | p. 59 |
5.1 Overview | p. 59 |
5.2 Functions and Mechanisms | p. 63 |
5.3 Applicabilities | p. 67 |
References | p. 72 |
6 IP Quality Of Service | p. 75 |
6.1 Introduction | p. 75 |
6.2 Quality of Service in IP Version 4/75 | |
6.3 Integrated Services | p. 77 |
6.3.1 Packet Scheduler | p. 77 |
6.3.2 Packet Classifier | p. 77 |
6.3.3 Admission Control | p. 78 |
6.3.4 Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) | p. 79 |
6.4 Differentiated Services | p. 81 |
6.5 Quality Of Service with Nested Differentiated Services Levels | p. 82 |
6.5.1 Drawbacks of Explicit Endpoint Admission Control with Path Selection | p. 84 |
6.5.2 OSPF-Based Adaptive and Flexible Quality of Service Provisioning | p. 85 |
6.5.3 Combination of Security and Quality of Service | p. 86 |
6.5.4 Path Selection Algorithm Analysis | p. 87 |
References | p. 90 |
7 IP Multicast and Anycast | p. 93 |
7.1 Addressing | p. 93 |
7.1.1 Multicast Addressing | p. 93 |
7.1.2 Differences between Multicasting and Multiple Unicasting | p. 95 |
7.2 Multicast Routing | p. 96 |
7.2.1 Optimal Routing: Shortest-Path Trees | p. 96 |
7.2.2 Unicast Routing | p. 96 |
7.2.3 Multicast Routing | p. 96 |
7.3 Routing Protocols | p. 97 |
7.3.1 Multicast Open Shortest Path First (MOSPF) | p. 98 |
7.3.2 Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol | p. 99 |
7.3.3 Core-Based Tree (CBT) Protocol | p. 100 |
7.3.4 Protocol-Independent Multicast | p. 101 |
7.3.5 Simple Multicast Routing Protocol | p. 101 |
7.4 Anycasting | p. 102 |
7.4.1 Architectural Issues | p. 103 |
7.4.2 Anycast Addresses | p. 103 |
7.4.3 Differences between the Services Offered by IP Multicasting and IP Anycasting | p. 104 |
7.5 IPv6 Anycast Routing Protocol: Protocol-Independent Anycast-Sparse Mode | p. 105 |
References | p. 106 |
8 Layer-2 Transport over Packet | p. 109 |
8.1 Draft-Martini Signaling and Encapsulation | p. 109 |
8.1.1 Functionality | p. 110 |
8.1.2 Encapsulation | p. 110 |
8.1.3 Protocol-Specific Encapsulation | p. 111 |
8.2 Layer-2 Tunneling Protocol | p. 114 |
8.2.1 Layer-2 Tunneling Protocol Version 3 | p. 115 |
8.2.2 Pseudowire Emulation Edge to Edge | p. 118 |
References | p. 121 |
9 Virtual Private Wired Service | p. 123 |
9.1 Types of Private Wire Services | p. 123 |
9.1.1 Layer-2 Virtual Private Services: Wide Area Networks and Local Area Networks | p. 124 |
9.1.2 Virtual Private Wire Service | p. 126 |
9.1.3 Virtual Private Multicast Service | p. 127 |
9.1.4 IP-Only Layer-2 Virtual Private Network | p. 128 |
9.1.5 Internet Protocol Security | p. 129 |
9.2 Generic Routing Encapsulation | p. 130 |
9.3 Layer-2 Tunneling Protocol | p. 131 |
9.4 Layer-3 Virtual Private Network 2547bis, Virtual Router | p. 131 |
9.4.1 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol | p. 133 |
References | p. 136 |
10 IP and Optical Networking | p. 137 |
10.1 IP/Optical Network Evolution | p. 138 |
10.1.1 Where Networking Is Today | p. 138 |
10.1.2 Where Networking Is Going | p. 139 |
10.2 Challenges in Legacy Traditional IP/Optical Networks | p. 140 |
10.2.1 Proprietary Network Management Systems | p. 140 |
10.2.2 Complexity of Provisioning in Legacy IP/Optical Networks | p. 141 |
10.3 Automated Provisioning in IP/Optical Networks | p. 142 |
10.4 Control Plane Models for IP/Optical Networking | p. 144 |
10.4.1 Optical Internetworking Forum's Optical User Network Interface: Overlay Model | p. 145 |
10.4.2 Internet Engineering Task Force's Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching: Peer Model | p. 145 |
10.5 Next-Generation MultiLayer Network Design Requirements | p. 147 |
10.6 Benefits and Challenges in IP/Optical Networking | p. 148 |
References | p. 149 |
11 IP Version 6 | p. 151 |
11.1 Addresses in EP Version 6 | p. 152 |
11.1.1 Unicast IP Addresses | p. 152 |
11.1.2 Multicast IP Addresses | p. 153 |
11.2 IP Packet Headers | p. 154 |
11.3 IP Address Resolution | p. 155 |
11.4 IP Version 6 Deployment: Drivers and Impediments | p. 156 |
11.4.1 Need for Backwards Compatibility | p. 157 |
11.4.2 Initial Deployment Drivers | p. 158 |
11.4.3 Reaching a Critical Mass | p. 160 |
References | p. 161 |
12 IP Traffic Engineering | p. 163 |
12.1 Models of Traffic Demands | p. 163 |
12.2 Optimal Routing with Multiprotocol Label Switching | p. 165 |
12.2.1 Overview | p. 165 |
12.2.2 Applicability of Optimal Routing | p. 165 |
12.2.3 Network Model | p. 166 |
12.2.4 Optimal Routing Formulations with Three Models | p. 166 |
12.3 Link-Weight Optimization with Open Shortest Path First | p. 169 |
12.3.1 Overview | p. 169 |
12.3.2 Examples of Routing Control with Link Weights | p. 170 |
12.3.3 Link-Weight Setting Against Network Failure | p. 172 |
12.4 Extended Shortest-Path-Based Routing Schemes | p. 173 |
12.4.1 Smart-Open Shortest Path First | p. 174 |
12.4.2 Two-Phase Routing | p. 174 |
12.4.3 Fine Two-Phase Routing | p. 176 |
12.4.4 Features of Routing Schemes | p. 177 |
References | p. 177 |
13 IP Network Security | p. 181 |
13.1 Introduction | p. 181 |
13.2 Detection of Denial-of-Service Attack | p. 182 |
13.2.1 Backscatter Analysis | p. 182 |
13.2.2 Multilevel Tree or Online Packet Statistics | p. 184 |
13.3 IP Traceback | p. 187 |
13.3.1 IP Traceback Solutions | p. 189 |
13.4 Edge Sampling Scheme | p. 189 |
13.5 Advanced Marking Scheme | p. 193 |
References | p. 196 |
14 Mobility Support for IP | p. 197 |
14.1 Mobility Management Approaches | p. 199 |
14.1.1 Host Routes | p. 200 |
14.1.2 Tunneling | p. 201 |
14.1.3 Route Optimization | p. 203 |
14.2 Security Threats Related to IP Mobility | p. 205 |
14.2.1 Impersonation | p. 205 |
14.2.2 Redirection-Based Hooding | p. 208 |
14.2.3 Possible Solutions | p. 210 |
14.3 Mobility Support in IPv6 | p. 213 |
14.4 Reactive Versus Proactive Mobility Support | p. 218 |
14.5 Relation to Multihoming | p. 219 |
14.6 Protocols Supplementing Mobility | p. 220 |
14.6.1 Router and Subnet Prefix Discovery | p. 220 |
14.6.2 Movement Detection | p. 221 |
14.6.3 IP Address Configuration | p. 222 |
14.6.4 Neighbor Unreachability Detection | p. 223 |
14.6.5 Internet Control Message Protocol for IP Version 6 | p. 224 |
14.6.6 Optimizations | p. 224 |
14.6.7 Media-Independent Handover Services | p. 227 |
References | p. 231 |
Index | p. 235 |