Professional Hibernate

This book is written for professional Java developers who already understand how to build server-side Java applications. The book assumes no previous experience with Hibernate, though readers should have a general familiarity with databases and Web development.

What does this book cover?

After a quick overview of Hibernate in the first two chapters, the authors jump right to the code. They show how to do the following:

Obtain and install Hibernate Build the Hibernate development environment Use Hibernate to connect to databases Use Hibernate to create persistent classes and objects Use the Hibernate database query language and transaction management functions Use the Hibernate APIs

After covering these essentials, the authors go further, showing readers how to use Hibernate in the real world. This means demonstrating how to use Hibernate with other popular tools that readers are using (including Eclipse, Tomcat, Maven, Struts, and XDoclet). This book takes a very real-world, hands-on approach to these topics and includes many working code examples, as well as a sophisticated sample application.

Author Notes

Eric Pugh is a member of the Maven development team and an experienced Java enterprise developer specializing in database application design and development, and open source tool integration. He has contributed Hibernate-related code to many projects, including XDoclet and OSWorkflow, and is currently leading development of the Hibernate plugin for Maven. Eric has built several Hibernate applications for clients (including a Web-based lab automation application) and regularly uses Hibernate with Eclipse and Maven. In addition to writing documentation and specifications, Eric has written for OnJava.

Joseph D. Gradecki is a software engineer at Comprehensive Software Solutions, where he works on their SABIL product, an enterprise-level securities processing system. He has built numerous dynamic, enterprise application using Java, Hibernate, MySQL, XML, AspectJ, servlets, JSPs, Resin, BroadVision, and other technologies. He is the author of Mastering JXTA and the co-author of MySQL and Java Developers Guide and Professional Java Tools for Extreme Programming . Joe holds Bachelors and Masters degrees in Computer Science and is currently pursuing a Ph.D.

Introduction	p. ix
Chapter 1 Introduction to Mapping Objects to Relational Databases	p. 1
Serialization	p. 2
XML	p. 2
Object-Oriented Database Systems	p. 3
Mapping	p. 3
Primary Keys, Timestamps, and Version Numbers	p. 8
Handling Inheritance	p. 8
Working With Relationships	p. 11
Summary	p. 14
Chapter 2 Introduction to Hibernate	p. 15
Hibernate	p. 15
Hibernate Architecture	p. 16
Hibernate Configuration	p. 18
Hibernate Sessions	p. 20
Hibernate Callbacks	p. 21
Hibernate's Support for Other Technologies	p. 22
Summary	p. 22
Chapter 3 Hibernate Development Environment	p. 23
Obtaining Hibernate	p. 23
Hibernate Prerequisites and Requirements	p. 24
Installing Hibernate	p. 25
Hibernate Configuration File	p. 26
Hooking Up a Database Server	p. 26
Setting Up Hibernate to Use MySQL	p. 27
Setting Up Hibernate to Use Microsoft SQL Server	p. 27
A Standalone Hibernate Application	p. 28
Creating the Java Class	p. 28
Creating a Database Table	p. 30
Building a Mapping Document for Database Tables	p. 30
Application Skeleton Code	p. 33
Loading the Mapping into an Application	p. 38
A Servlet-Based Hibernate Application	p. 46
Installing and Configuring Tomcat	p. 46
Setting Up Tomcat Database Access	p. 47
Adding Hibernate to the Web Application	p. 49
Interface Page	p. 50
Writing a Servlet to Use Hibernate	p. 51
Summary	p. 53
Chapter 4 Database Connecting and Schema Generation	p. 55
Overview of Hibernate JDBC Properties	p. 56
hibernate.connection.driverclass	p. 56
hibernate.connection.url	p. 58
hibernate.connection.username	p. 58
hibernate.connection.password	p. 58
hibernate.connection.pool_size	p. 58
hibernate.connection.datasource	p. 58
hibernate.jndi.url	p. 59
hibernate.jndi.class	p. 59
hibernate.dialect	p. 59
hibernate.default_schema	p. 59
hibernate.Session_-factory_name	p. 59
hibernate.use_outer_join	p. 59
hibernate.max_fetch_depth	p. 59
hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size	p. 60
hibernate.jdbc.batch_size	p. 60
hibernate.jdbc.use_scrollable_resultset	p. 60
hibernate.jdbc.use_streams_for_binary	p. 60
hibernate.cglib.use_reflection_optimizer	p. 60
hibernate.jndi.[left angle bracket]property[right angle bracket]	p. 60
hibernate.connection.isolation	p. 60
hibernate.connection.provider_class	p. 61
hibernate.transaction.factory_class	p. 61
jta.UserTransaction	p. 61
hibernate.show_sql	p. 61
Query Substitutions	p. 62
SQL Dialect Determination	p. 62
Using Connection Pooling	p. 64
Using Hibernate's Built-in Pooling	p. 65
Using C3P0	p. 65
Using Apache DBCP	p. 66
Using Proxool	p. 66
JDBC Database Connection	p. 67
Using More Than One Database Server	p. 68
Building the Mapping Document	p. 69
[left angle bracket]hibernate-mapping[right angle bracket] Element	p. 69
[left angle bracket]class[right angle bracket] Element	p. 70
[left angle bracket]id[right angle bracket] Element	p. 72
[left angle bracket]generator[right angle bracket] Element	p. 73
[left angle bracket]composite-id[right angle bracket] Element	p. 75
[left angle bracket]discriminator[right angle bracket] Element	p. 76
[left angle bracket]version[right angle bracket] Element	p. 77
[left angle bracket]timestamp[right angle bracket] Element	p. 78
[left angle bracket]property[right angle bracket] Element	p. 78
Relationship Elements	p. 80
[left angle bracket]many-to-one[right angle bracket] Element	p. 80
[left angle bracket]one-to-one[right angle bracket] Element	p. 81
[left angle bracket]component[right angle bracket] Element	p. 82
[left angle bracket]subclass[right angle bracket] Element	p. 82
[left angle bracket]joined-subclass[right angle bracket] Element	p. 83
Collection Elements	p. 84
[left angle bracket]key[right angle bracket] Element	p. 85
[left angle bracket]index[right angle bracket] Element	p. 86
[left angle bracket]element[right angle bracket] Element	p. 86
Summary	p. 86
Chapter 5 Creating Persistent Classes	p. 87
Creating Persistent Java Classes	p. 87
Mapping a Basic Java Class	p. 88
Mapping a Class with Binary Data	p. 93
Mapping a Serializable Class	p. 95
Mapping a Class with Data/Calendar Attributes	p. 97
Mapping a Read-Only Class	p. 99
Mapping Classes Using Versioning/Timestamps	p. 102
Mapping Inheritance with Java Classes	p. 107
Persisting Interfaces	p. 117
Mapping Enums	p. 119
Working with Column Formulas	p. 122
Using the Session Pattern	p. 124
Summary	p. 126
Chapter 6 Working with Collections	p. 127
Associations	p. 127
Index Elements	p. 128
Element Elements	p. 129
Bidirectional Associations	p. 130
Lazy Initialization	p. 131
Mapping Maps/SortedMaps	p. 131
Mapping a Values Map	p. 131
Mapping an Object Map: [left angle bracket]many-to-many[right angle bracket] Element	p. 135
Mapping a TreeMap	p. 140
Mapping Set/SortedSets	p. 147
SortedSet Interface Mapping	p. 151
Mapping Lists	p. 152
Bag Mapping	p. 156
Mapping Arrays	p. 157
Mapping a Bidirectional Association	p. 158
Summary	p. 160
Chapter 7 Using Persistent Objects	p. 161
Persisting Objects	p. 161
Loading Data into an Object	p. 164
Using Previous Sessions	p. 165
Flushing Objects	p. 166
Deleting Objects	p. 166
Refreshing Objects	p. 168
Updating Objects	p. 168
Finding Objects	p. 169
Finding Large Resultsets	p. 171
Filtering Collections	p. 171
Scalar Queries	p. 172
Queries and Named Queries	p. 173
Query Results Control	p. 176
Single Row	p. 178
Named Queries	p. 178
Named Parameters	p. 179
Query Timeout	p. 180
SQL Queries	p. 180
Criteria Objects	p. 181
Summary	p. 184
Chapter 8 Hibernate Query Language	p. 185
Chapter Example	p. 185
Example Classes	p. 185
Example Mapping Document	p. 189
Example Tables	p. 191
Example Application	p. 191
Example Rows	p. 192
Example Use	p. 193
Select Clause	p. 194
Narrowing the SELECT Using the WHERE Clause	p. 196
Working with Collections in HQL	p. 197
.size, size()	p. 197
.minIndex, minindex(), .maxIndex, maxindex()	p. 197
index()	p. 198
any(), some(), all(), exists(), in(), elements(), indices()	p. 198
[]	p. 199
Other HQL WHERE Expressions	p. 199
Logicals	p. 199
NULL Expression	p. 199
Groupings	p. 200
Scalar Functions	p. 200
Equality	p. 201
Named Parameters	p. 201
Booleans	p. 201
Subselects	p. 202
Polymorphism	p. 202
Order By Clause	p. 203
Aggregate Functions	p. 204
Group By Clause	p. 204
HAVING Clause	p. 205
Working with HQL Joins	p. 205
Left Outer Join	p. 205
Right Outer Join	p. 206
Inner Join	p. 206
Full Join	p. 206
Fetch Join	p. 206
Summary	p. 206
Chapter 9 Hibernate Caching	p. 207
Why Cache? What Does Hibernate Provide?	p. 207
Caching the Survey Object Example Code	p. 208
Setting Up a SessionFactory Cache	p. 212
Using the Persistent Object Cache	p. 213
Read-Only Cache Usage	p. 213
Read-Write Cache Usage	p. 214
Nonstrict Read-Write Cache Usage	p. 214
Transactional Cache Usage	p. 214
SessionFactory Support Methods	p. 214
Using the Query Cache	p. 215
Session Cache Functionality	p. 216
Setting Up EHCache	p. 216
When Not to Use Caching	p. 218
Summary	p. 219
Chapter 10 Hibernate Transactions and Locking	p. 221
What Are Transactions?	p. 223
Configuration	p. 223
Database Support	p. 224
Using Transactions	p. 225
The Transaction API	p. 226
Transaction Example Using MySQL	p. 227
ISAM Table Type	p. 228
InnoDB Table Type	p. 228
Forced Rollback Example	p. 229
Optimal Session Use	p. 229
Locking	p. 230
Summary	p. 234
Chapter 11 J2EE and Hibernate	p. 235
Installing an Application Server	p. 235
Configuring Tomcat for Hibernate with JNDI	p. 235
Configuring Tomcat for JNDI	p. 236
Creating the Necessary Hibernate Configuration File	p. 236
SessionFactory Singleton Class	p. 237
Building a Stateless Session Bean	p. 238
Building a Stateful Session Bean	p. 240
Using Container Managed Transactions (CMT)	p. 242
Summary	p. 245
Chapter 12 Hibernate and DAO Design Pattern	p. 247
Data Access Object Design Pattern	p. 247
Factory Method Implementation	p. 250
Abstract Factory Implementation	p. 252
Concrete DAO Example	p. 253
Building a DAO Factory	p. 254
Building Specific Data Source Factories	p. 254
Building the DAO Objects	p. 255
Testing It All	p. 259
Summary	p. 260
Chapter 13 Hibernate and XDoclet	p. 261
Introduction to XDoclet	p. 262
What Is Javadoc?	p. 263
How XDoclet Works	p. 264
Code Generation Templating	p. 265
Why XDoclet Simplifies Development	p. 265
Installing XDoclet	p. 266
Using XDoclet with Hibernate	p. 266
Simple Example	p. 266
Generating Hibernate.cfg.xml	p. 268
Generating an MBean Descriptor File for JBoss	p. 270
Tagging Source Files with Mapping Attributes	p. 272
Hibernate XDoclet Tags and Description	p. 282
@hibernate.class	p. 282
@hibernate.cache	p. 283
@hibernate.discriminator	p. 283
@hibernate.joined-subclass	p. 283
@hibernate.joined-subclass-key	p. 284
@hibernate.query	p. 284
@hibernate.subclass	p. 284
@hibernate.array	p. 284
@hibernate.bag (0..1)	p. 285
@hibernate.collection-cache	p. 285
@hibernate.collection-composite-element	p. 286
@hibernate.collection-element	p. 286
@hibernate.collection-index	p. 286
@hibernate.collection-key	p. 287
@hibernate.collection-key-column (0..*)	p. 287
@hibernate.collection-many-to-many	p. 287
@hibernate.collection-one-to-many	p. 287
@hibernate.column	p. 288
@hibernate.component	p. 288
@hibernate.generator-param	p. 288
@hibernate.id	p. 289
@hibernate.index-many-to-many	p. 289
@hibernate.list	p. 290
@hibernate.many-to-one	p. 290
@hibernate.map	p. 291
@hibernate.one-to-one	p. 291
@hibernate.primitive-array	p. 292
@hibernate.property	p. 292
@hibernate.set	p. 292
@hibernate.timestamp	p. 293
@hibernate.version	p. 293
Full-Circle Process	p. 294
Tips on Using XDoclet	p. 304
Summary	p. 305
Chapter 14 Hibernate and Maven	p. 307
Installing Maven	p. 308
Using Maven	p. 308
The Project Object Model	p. 309
Five-Minute Tutorial to Using Maven	p. 310
Generating Hibernate Files with Maven	p. 312
Scripting Directly in Maven.xml	p. 314
Using the Hibernate Plug-in for Maven	p. 317
Putting It All Together	p. 319
Generating Files	p. 319
Configuring a Database Prior to Running Unit Tests	p. 320
Advantages over Ant	p. 327
Things to Be Aware Of	p. 327
Summary	p. 328
Chapter 15 Hibernate Extensions	p. 329
Tools	p. 329
SchemaExport/SchemaUpdate	p. 329
Hibernate Extensions	p. 342
AndroMDA	p. 355
MiddleGen	p. 358
Summary	p. 361
Chapter 16 Hibernate and Eclipse	p. 363
Hibernator	p. 363
Database Connection	p. 364
Creating a Mapping Document	p. 366
Querying the Database	p. 367
Creating a Schema	p. 367
Updating the Schema	p. 367
HiberClipse	p. 368
Configuring a JDBC Connection	p. 369
Creating a Mapping Document	p. 369
Creating Java Code from a Mapping Document	p. 370
Creating a Schema Export or Updating a Schema	p. 370
Hibernate Synchronizer	p. 370
Configuration File Wizard	p. 370
Mapping Document Wizard	p. 371
Summary	p. 372
Chapter 17 Using Velocity, Struts, and Hibernate	p. 373
Brief Introduction to Struts	p. 373
Struts Flow Diagram	p. 373
Installing Struts	p. 374
A Sample Application	p. 374
Building the ActionForm	p. 375
RegisterForm Code	p. 376
Creating an Action	p. 377
RegisterAction Code	p. 377
Configuring Struts	p. 378
Struts Configuration File	p. 382
Toolbox.xml File	p. 385
Success Page	p. 385
Success.vm Template	p. 385
Success under Struts and Velocity	p. 385
Register Page	p. 385
Register.VM Template	p. 387
Compile	p. 387
Run	p. 387
Summary	p. 388
Chapter 18 Hibernate and AspectJ	p. 389
What Is Aspect-Oriented Programming	p. 389
Where OOP Has Brought Us	p. 390
What OOADP Did for Computer Science	p. 390
Problems Resulting from OOP	p. 392
Results of Tangled Code	p. 396
How AOP Solves OOP Problems	p. 396
Introduction to AspectJ	p. 398
AOP Language Specification	p. 399
AOP Language Implementation	p. 401
AspectJ	p. 402
Example Aspect	p. 403
Using AspectJ with Hibernate	p. 404
Summary	p. 405
Chapter 19 Hibernate Interceptors	p. 407
Interceptor Interface	p. 407
Building an Interceptor	p. 408
Summary	p. 412
Appendix A Hibernate Database Connectivity	p. 413
DB2	p. 413
DB2/400	p. 414
HypersonicSQL	p. 414
Interbase	p. 414
McKoi SQL	p. 415
Microsoft SQL Server	p. 415
MySQL	p. 416
Oracle	p. 416
Pointbase	p. 416
PostgreSQL	p. 417
SAP DB	p. 417
Sybase	p. 417
Appendix B Getting Involved with Hibernate	p. 419
Hibernate Forums	p. 419
Hibernate Wiki	p. 420
Contributing to the Further Development of Hibernate	p. 420
Checking Out the Source and Building It	p. 420
Development Mailing List	p. 421
Issue Tracking	p. 421
More Information on Open Source	p. 422
Index	p. 423

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Table of Contents