Interpreting quantitative data with IBM SPSS statistics

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ KL	30000010301649	HA32 A58 2013	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
Searching... PSZ KL	30000010241478	HA32 A58 2013	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

The second edition of Interpreting Quantitative Data with IBM SPSS Statistics is an invaluable resource for students analysing quantitative data for the first time. The book clearly sets out a range of statistical techniques and their common applications, explaining their logic and links to the research process. It also shows how SPSS can be used as a tool to aid analysis.

Key features of the second edition include:

- new chapters on one-way and two-way ANOVA, the Chi-square test and linear regression.

- SPSS lab sessions following each chapter which demonstrate how SPSS can be used in practice

- sets of exercises and ′real-life′ examples to aid teaching and learning

- lists of key terms to aid revision and further reading to enhance students′ understanding

- an improved text design making the book easier to navigate

- a companion website with answers to the labs and exercises, along with additional data sets and powerpoint slides

Author Notes

Rachad Antonius holds a PhD in Sociology and an MSc in Mathematics. He teaches Sociology at the Universit du Qubec Montral (UQAM) at the rank of Full Professor, and is the Deputy-Director of its Research Chair on Immigration, Ethnicity and Citizenship.

About the author	p. xiii
Foreword to the instructor	p. xiiv
Foreword to the student	p. xxii
Acknowledgments	p. xxviii
Part I Introduction to Quantitative Methods	p. 1
1 The basic language of statistics	p. 3
Introduction: Social sciences and quantitative methods	p. 3
Data files	p. 4
The discipline of statistics	p. 9
Populations, samples, and units	p. 10
Descriptive statistics	p. 11
Inferential statistics	p. 12
Variables and measurement	p. 12
Importance of the level of measurement	p. 19
Concepts, dimensions, and indicators	p. 20
Validity and reliability	p. 21
Summary	p. 22
Key words	p. 23
Exercises	p. 24
SPSS tutorial: Getting started with SPSS	p. 26
2 The research process	p. 32
Main steps in social research	p. 33
The research object	p. 34
Examining the problematics of the issue	p. 34
The general research question	p. 35
The literature review	p. 36
The theoretical framework and the specific research question	p. 37
The research hypothesis	p. 38
The research design	p. 39
Data collection	p. 43
Data analysis	p. 43
Interpretation of results	p. 44
General conclusions and further questions	p. 44
Summary	p. 44
Key words	p. 46
Exercises	p. 46
SPSS tutorial: Becoming familiar with SPSS	p. 46
Part II Descriptive Statistics	p. 49
3 Univariate descriptive statistics	p. 51
Introduction	p. 51
Measures of central tendency	p. 53
For qualitative variables	p. 53
For quantitative variables	p. 55
Measures of dispersion	p. 64
For qualitative variables	p. 64
For quantitative variables	p. 65
Measures of position	p. 68
Other measures	p. 69
Ratios	p. 70
Percentages and proportions	p. 70
Methodological issues	p. 71
The definition of the categories over which the counting is done	p. 71
Outliers	p. 71
Summary	p. 71
Key words	p. 73
Exercises	p. 73
SPSS tutorial: Exploring descriptive statistics	p. 78
4 Graphical representations	p. 87
Introduction	p. 87
Bar charts	p. 88
Pie charts	p. 93
Histograms	p. 94
Area as a measure of the proportion of data	p. 95
Drawing a histogram manually	p. 95
Frequency polygons and density curves	p. 98
Histogram or bar chart?	p. 99
Box plots	p. 101
Line charts	p. 101
Stem-and-leaf plots	p. 103
Scatter diagrams	p. 104
The general shape of a distribution	p. 105
Symmetry	p. 105
Kurtosis	p. 106
Summary	p. 107
Key words	p. 108
SPSS tutorial	p. 108
Bar charts	p. 109
Pie charts	p. 109
Histograms	p. 110
Box plots	p. 110
Part III Methodological Tools	p. 113
5 Creating new variables with SPSS	p. 115
Main commands for creating variables in SPSS	p. 115
The Compute command	p. 116
The Recode command	p. 122
The Select Cases submenu	p. 126
The Sort Cases command	p. 129
The Aggregate procedure	p. 130
Getting help in SPSS	p. 132
Summary	p. 133
Key words	p. 134
SPSS exercises and tutorial	p. 134
6 Normal distributions and sampling distributions	p. 135
Introduction	p. 135
Properties of normal distributions	p. 137
Areas under the curve, proportions of data, and percentages of data	p. 139
Using the table of areas under the normal curve	p. 140
Values of z used frequently	p. 142
Numerical examples	p. 145
Recognizing equivalent statements	p. 147
Sampling distributions	p. 147
Sampling distribution of the mean	p. 147
Sampling distribution of a proportion	p. 151
Summary	p. 152
Key words	p. 153
Exercises	p. 153
7 Sampling designs	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Types of samples	p. 156
Probabilistic samples	p. 157
Non-probabilistic samples	p. 161
Errors of measurement	p. 165
Errors of observation	p. 166
Sampling errors	p. 166
Summary	p. 166
Key words	p. 167
Exercises	p. 167
SPSS tutorial	p. 168
Part IV Inferential Statistics	p. 171
8 Estimation	p. 173
Introduction: Inferential statistics	p. 173
The logic of estimation: proportions and percentages	p. 174
Estimation of a percentage: confidence statements	p. 176
Proportions and percentages	p. 180
Point estimates and interval estimates	p. 180
Formulation of the level of confidence	p. 180
Estimation of a mean	p. 180
Estimation of a mean: the calculations	p. 181
Effect of the sample size on the margin of error	p. 183
Calculation of the sample size needed in a survey	p. 183
Summary	p. 184
Key words	p. 185
Exercises	p. 186
Interpretation of confidence statements	p. 186
Formulation of confidence statements	p. 186
SPSS tutorial	p. 187
Estimating a mean with SPSS	p. 187
Exercises	p. 188
Estimating a proportion with SPSS	p. 188
9 Hypothesis testing	p. 190
Introduction	p. 190
The logic of hypothesis testing	p. 192
The detailed procedure for hypothesis testing	p. 193
Understanding the probabilities of error	p. 195
The various forms of the alternative hypothesis	p. 197
When are one-tailed tests used?	p. 198
Hypothesis testing in statistical software	p. 199
t-tests	p. 199
The uses of hypothesis testing procedures	p. 199
Summary	p. 200
Key words	p. 202
Exercises	p. 202
SPSS tutorial	p. 203
Performing a one-sample t-test	p. 203
Part V Statistical Association	p. 205
10 Correlation and the regression line	p. 207
Introduction	p. 207
Dependent and independent variables	p. 210
The measure of statistical association between two quantitative variables	p. 211
The regression line	p. 215
Statistically significant correlations	p. 217
Interpreting SPSS outputs	p. 218
From statistical association to relationship between variables	p. 221
Summary	p. 223
Key words	p. 223
Exercises	p. 224
SPSS tutorial	p. 225
The Correlate procedure	p. 225
The Regression procedure	p. 226
The scatter diagram and the line of regression	p. 227
11 Two-way tables and the chi-squared test	p. 229
Introduction	p. 229
The definition of statistical association for categorical variables	p. 233
The chi-squared statistic (¿ 2 )	p. 235
Chi-squared as a test of association between two nominal variables	p. 238
Measures of the strength of the association based on chi-squared	p. 241
Other measures of association for two-way tables	p. 241
The odds ratio	p. 242
Summary	p. 246
Key words	p. 247
Exercises	p. 247
SPSS tutorial	p. 248
12 t-tests and ANOVA	p. 252
Introduction	p. 252
The t-test as a test of statistical association	p. 255
The analysis of variance	p. 257
One-way ANOVA	p. 258
Two-way and multi-way ANOVA	p. 261
Graphical representations of the various kinds of effects	p. 264
Ordinal variables	p. 266
Statistical association as a qualitative relationship	p. 266
Summary	p. 272
Key words	p. 273
SPSS tutorial	p. 273
Appendix I Reporting a quantitative analysis	p. 283
Introduction	p. 284
How to write a descriptive report	p. 284
Basic direct reports	p. 284
Analytical descriptive reports	p. 293
Reporting an estimate	p. 302
Reporting a hypothesis test	p. 303
Reporting a statistical association	p. 305
Two quantitative variables	p. 305
The association between a qualitative and a quantitative variable	p. 305
Two qualitative variables	p. 306
Appendix II How to create a data file in SPSS	p. 308
Appendix III Area under the normal curve	p. 313
Appendix IV Table of random numbers	p. 315
Glossary	p. 317
Bibliography	p. 337
Index	p. 339

Available:*

On Order

Summary

Summary

Author Notes

Table of Contents