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Summary
Summary
Integrating marketing theory with Internet reality, this book helps readers develop the skills necessary to understand and integrate Internet technology and characteristics into marketing strategy. It helps them recognize and understand the implications of the Internet not only as a marketplace, but also as a set of tools and opportunities for conducting a wide variety of marketing activities that do not involve product-related transactions (e.g., marketing research, customer service). Includes real-world examples. KEY TOPICS: The Nature of the Internet Influence on the Marketing Environment. A Framework for Understanding Marketing and the Internet. Consumers and the Internet Environment. Marketers and the Internet Environment. Technology and the Internet Environment. Policymakers and the Internet Environment. Strategic Marketing Planning with the Internet. Marketing Research and the Internet. The Internet as Content: Digital and Physical Products. The Internet as Channel: Aspects of Distribution. The Internet as Communication: A Computer-Mediated Medium. Business-to-Business Marketing with the Internet. Managing the Internet: Decision Support Tools. MARKET: For anyone doing business on the Internet.
Author Notes
Eloise Coupey is an Associate Professor of Marketing at Virginia Tech
Table of Contents
Preface | p. xix |
Acknowledgments | p. xxi |
Section 1 Developing a Conceptual Framework for Marketing and the Internet | |
Chapter 1 Introduction to Marketing and the Internet | p. 3 |
Why Marketing and the Internet? | p. 4 |
An Abbreviated History | p. 4 |
Mass Communication and Demand | p. 5 |
From an Industrial Economy to a Digital Economy | p. 6 |
The Internet as Just Another Technology | p. 7 |
What Is the Internet? | p. 8 |
What Is Different About Marketing With the Internet? | p. 8 |
Technological Characteristics of the Internet | p. 10 |
The Internet's History | p. 10 |
Integrating People and Technology: The Rise of the World Wide Web | p. 11 |
Integrating Marketing and the Internet: Old Concepts, New Opportunities | p. 14 |
Marketing Efforts and Electronic Commerce | p. 17 |
Origins of Electronic Commerce | p. 17 |
The Changing Face of Electronic Commerce | p. 18 |
About This Book | p. 18 |
Sections of the Book | p. 18 |
Learning Tools | p. 19 |
Chapter Summary | p. 19 |
Review Section | p. 20 |
Key Terms | p. 20 |
Review Questions | p. 20 |
Thinking Points | p. 20 |
Suggested Readings | p. 21 |
Chapter 2 A Framework for Integrating Marketing and the Internet | p. 22 |
Why Do We Need a Framework? | p. 23 |
Framework Objectives | p. 24 |
The Framework's Basic Premise | p. 24 |
Marketing as Exchange | p. 24 |
The General Framework | p. 25 |
Marketers and Consumers: The Central Exchange Context | p. 27 |
Policy and the Marketing Environment | p. 28 |
Technology and the Marketing Environment | p. 29 |
Relationships as Vehicles for Exchange | p. 30 |
Relationships 101 | p. 30 |
What Is Exchanged? | p. 32 |
Resources as the Bases for Exchange | p. 33 |
Resource Theory and Exchange Processes | p. 34 |
Resource Theory and the Internet | p. 35 |
Resource Theory and Marketing Opportunity on the Internet | p. 37 |
Chapter Summary | p. 38 |
Combining Resources and Relationships: Looking Ahead | p. 39 |
Review Section | p. 39 |
Key Terms | p. 39 |
Review Questions | p. 39 |
Thinking Points | p. 40 |
Suggested Readings | p. 40 |
Section 2 The Framework in Depth: Perspectives on Marketing and the Internet | |
Chapter 3 Consumers and the Internet Environment | p. 43 |
Describing Online Consumer Behavior | p. 45 |
Descriptive Research and Internet-Related Consumption | p. 46 |
Understanding Online Consumer Behavior | p. 48 |
Resources in the Internet Environment | p. 49 |
Money as a Resource: Getting It, Transferring It, Using It | p. 50 |
Information as an Online Resource | p. 53 |
Getting the Goods Via the Internet | p. 60 |
Services and the Internet | p. 63 |
Status as a Resource | p. 66 |
Love as a Resource | p. 69 |
Chapter Summary | p. 71 |
Review Section | p. 71 |
Key Terms | p. 71 |
Review Questions | p. 72 |
Thinking Points | p. 72 |
Suggested Readings | p. 73 |
Chapter 4 Marketers and the Internet Environment | p. 74 |
Marketers in the Marketspace | p. 75 |
A Company Focus | p. 75 |
A Product Focus | p. 76 |
A Customer Focus | p. 76 |
Describing the Company and Internet Interaction | p. 78 |
Understanding the Internet's Influence on Marketing | p. 79 |
Effects of the Internet Environment | p. 80 |
Facilitating Capabilities of the Internet | p. 82 |
Challenges of the Internet Environment | p. 83 |
Environmental Effects on Company Structure and Function | p. 84 |
Environmental Effects on Channel Structure and Power | p. 86 |
Environmental Effects on Competitive Activity | p. 86 |
Environmental Effects on Consumer Acquisition and Retention | p. 87 |
Environmental Effects on Market Conditions | p. 88 |
Responding to Challenge: Opportunities in Marketspace | p. 89 |
Strategic Objectives and the Internet Environment | p. 89 |
Strategic Objectives and Consumers' Resource Goals | p. 90 |
Chapter Summary | p. 94 |
Looking Ahead | p. 94 |
Review Section | p. 95 |
Key Terms | p. 95 |
Review Questions | p. 95 |
Thinking Points | p. 95 |
Suggested Readings | p. 96 |
Chapter 5 Technology and the Internet Environment | p. 97 |
The Technology That Makes the Internet Possible | p. 99 |
What Is a Network? | p. 99 |
A Network of Networks | p. 100 |
Internet Technologies as a Channel | p. 102 |
The User at the End of the Channel | p. 103 |
Access to Computer Communications | p. 104 |
The Outside World | p. 105 |
A Unified Channel Structure | p. 106 |
Channel Effects on Relationships | p. 106 |
Technology and the Central Exchange Environment | p. 107 |
The Technology and Marketer Relationship | p. 112 |
The Technology and Consumer Relationship | p. 113 |
Technology and Security | p. 114 |
Chapter Summary | p. 115 |
Review Section | p. 116 |
Key Terms | p. 116 |
Review Questions | p. 116 |
Thinking Points | p. 116 |
Suggested Readings | p. 117 |
Chapter 6 Public Policy and the Internet Environment | p. 118 |
Government and Regulatory Policy | p. 119 |
Aspects of Government Policy | p. 119 |
Agencies and Their Activities | p. 120 |
Brief History of Public Policy | p. 123 |
Timeline of Regulation | p. 123 |
Applying Policy to the Internet | p. 124 |
The Issue of Universal Access | p. 126 |
Information Use and Internet Regulation | p. 127 |
Policy and Exchange Relationships in the Internet Environment | p. 130 |
Issues of Market Function | p. 130 |
Issues of Consumer Protection | p. 134 |
Chapter Summary | p. 140 |
Review Section | p. 140 |
Key Terms | p. 140 |
Review Questions | p. 141 |
Thinking Points | p. 141 |
Suggested Readings | p. 142 |
Section 3 Integrating the Perspectives: the Internet as a Marketing Environment | |
Chapter 7 The Internet's Influence on the Marketing Environment | p. 145 |
The Caveats of Change and Constraint | p. 146 |
Key Forces in a Changing Marketing Environment | p. 146 |
A Population Ecology Approach to the Marketing Environment | p. 146 |
Population Ecology and Competition in Markets | p. 150 |
Competition, Niches, and the Internet Ecology | p. 152 |
Characteristics of the Internet Ecology | p. 155 |
From Marketplace to Marketspace | p. 156 |
An Evolving Market Structures Perspective | p. 158 |
The Internet Ecology and the Value Chain | p. 158 |
Two Types of Market Structures | p. 159 |
Chapter Summary | p. 161 |
Review Section | p. 162 |
Key Terms | p. 162 |
Review Questions | p. 162 |
Thinking Points | p. 162 |
Suggested Readings | p. 163 |
Chapter 8 The Internet and Marketing Planning | p. 164 |
Types of Planning: An Overview | p. 166 |
What is Strategic Planning? | p. 166 |
From Strategic Planning to Marketing Planning | p. 167 |
Marketing Planning in Depth | p. 168 |
Defining Opportunities: What Should We Do? | p. 169 |
Leveraging Resources: How Should We Do It? | p. 170 |
Internet Effects on Strategy Development: Planning | p. 172 |
The Internet Affects Motivation for Planning | p. 172 |
The Internet Affects Processes for Planning | p. 173 |
The Internet Affects Outcomes of Planning | p. 173 |
Internet Effects on Strategy Implementation: Marketing Action | p. 174 |
The Internet and Strategic Objectives | p. 174 |
Chapter Summary | p. 185 |
Review Section | p. 186 |
Key Terms | p. 186 |
Review Questions | p. 186 |
Thinking Points | p. 186 |
Suggested Readings | p. 187 |
Section 4 Applying the Framework: Marketing Action in the Internet Environment | |
Chapter 9 The Internet and Marketing Research | p. 191 |
The Internet and Research Performance: Three Benefits | p. 192 |
The Internet and Information Acquisition | p. 193 |
The Internet and Information Organization | p. 193 |
The Internet and Information Use | p. 193 |
Stages in the Marketing Research Process | p. 196 |
Problem Definition | p. 196 |
Designing the Research Plan and Procedure | p. 198 |
Gathering Data | p. 198 |
Combining and Interpreting Data | p. 199 |
Drawing Conclusions and Delivering Insights | p. 199 |
The Internet as a Data Resource | p. 200 |
A Framework for Describing Data | p. 201 |
Internet-Based Sources of Data About Consumers | p. 204 |
The Respondent as a Data Source | p. 204 |
The Researcher as a Data Source | p. 207 |
The Recorder (in the Past) as a Data Source | p. 208 |
Internet-Based Sources of Data About Competition | p. 212 |
The Company as a Respondent Data Source | p. 212 |
The Marketing Researcher as a Data Source | p. 212 |
Previously Recorded Information as a Data Source | p. 213 |
Cautions for Internet-Based Research | p. 214 |
Information Relevance in Marketing Research | p. 214 |
Time Constraints on Information Use | p. 215 |
Market Research for Hire | p. 215 |
Chapter Summary | p. 216 |
Review Section | p. 216 |
Key Terms | p. 216 |
Review Questions | p. 217 |
Thinking Points | p. 217 |
Suggested Readings | p. 218 |
Chapter 10 The Internet as a Content Resource | p. 219 |
Sources of Content: People as Publishers | p. 220 |
Internal Sources of Content | p. 220 |
External Sources of Content | p. 221 |
Types of Content: The Role of Technology | p. 224 |
Multimedia Types of Content | p. 224 |
Types of Interactive Content | p. 227 |
Purposes of Content: Implications for the Marketing Mix | p. 228 |
Content and Product | p. 229 |
Content and Price | p. 231 |
Content and Place | p. 232 |
Content and Promotion | p. 233 |
Cautions for Content | p. 235 |
Consumer Issues | p. 235 |
Marketer Issues | p. 237 |
Policy Issues | p. 239 |
Technology Issues | p. 241 |
Chapter Summary | p. 242 |
Review Section | p. 243 |
Key Terms | p. 243 |
Review Questions | p. 243 |
Thinking Points | p. 244 |
Suggested Readings | p. 244 |
Chapter 11 The Internet as a Channel Resource | p. 245 |
Channels of Distribution: A Brief Primer | p. 247 |
Who Distributes? Types of Channel Members | p. 247 |
What Is Distributed? Types of Flows | p. 249 |
Channels as Relationships | p. 249 |
The Internet's Impact on Aspects of Channel Strategy | p. 251 |
Establishing Distribution Objectives: Distribution Flows | p. 251 |
The Internet and Channel Structure | p. 252 |
Internet Issues for Channel Structure | p. 255 |
Channel Management: Internet Effects on Channel Member Relationships | p. 257 |
Channel Management and Performance | p. 259 |
Mix Implications of the Internet as Channel Resource | p. 260 |
Effects on Product Strategy | p. 260 |
Effects on Price Strategy | p. 262 |
Effects on Place Strategy | p. 262 |
Effects on Promotion Strategy | p. 263 |
Cautions for Using the Internet as a Channel Resource | p. 263 |
Marketer Issues | p. 263 |
Consumer Issues | p. 265 |
Policy Issues | p. 265 |
Technology Issues | p. 265 |
Chapter Summary | p. 266 |
Review Section | p. 267 |
Key Terms | p. 267 |
Review Questions | p. 268 |
Thinking Points | p. 268 |
Suggested Points | p. 269 |
Chapter 12 The Internet as a Communications Resource | p. 270 |
The Internet as a Resource for Communication | p. 272 |
Characterizing Communication | p. 272 |
Interactivity and Marketing Communication | p. 273 |
Marketing Mix Implications of the Internet as a Communications Resource | p. 278 |
Communication and Product Development | p. 278 |
Communication and Price Strategy | p. 281 |
Communication and Distribution Strategy | p. 283 |
Communication and Promotion Strategy | p. 284 |
Issues for Perspectives in the Marketspace | p. 291 |
Marketers and Marketing Communication | p. 292 |
Consumers and Marketing Communication | p. 292 |
Policy Makers and Marketing Communication | p. 293 |
Technology Developers and Marketing Communication | p. 294 |
Chapter Summary | p. 295 |
Review Section | p. 296 |
Key Terms | p. 296 |
Review Questions | p. 296 |
Thinking Points | p. 297 |
Suggested Readings | p. 297 |
Section 5 Extending the Framework Over Time: Exchange Relationships in the Internet Environment | |
Chapter 13 Business-to-Business Exchanges and the Internet | p. 300 |
Differences Between Business-to-Business and Business-to-Consumer Exchanges | p. 303 |
Difference in the Targeted Customer | p. 303 |
Difference in the Nature of Demand | p. 303 |
Differences in Exchange-Related Processes | p. 304 |
Describing Online Business-to-Business Activity | p. 304 |
Online B2B Demographics | p. 305 |
The Internet and Components of Business-to-Business Exchange | p. 305 |
Purposes of B2B Exchanges | p. 306 |
B2B Exchange Processes | p. 307 |
B2B Exchange Participants | p. 311 |
Chapter Summary | p. 318 |
Review Section | p. 319 |
Key Terms | p. 319 |
Review Questions | p. 320 |
Thinking Points | p. 320 |
Suggested Readings | p. 321 |
Chapter 14 Fostering Relational Exchange With the Internet | p. 322 |
The Increasing Importance of Relationships | p. 324 |
Shifts in Perspectives on Exchange | p. 324 |
A Continuum of Relational Exchange | p. 327 |
Implications of the Continuum for Marketing and the Internet | p. 328 |
Assessing the Value of Relational Exchange | p. 329 |
Building Business-to-Consumer Relationships With the Internet | p. 331 |
Prepurchase: Search and Satisfaction | p. 331 |
Purchase: Transactions and Trust | p. 334 |
Post-Purchase: Complaints and Commitment | p. 337 |
Building Business-to-Business Relationships With the Internet | p. 341 |
Classifying B2B Relationships | p. 342 |
Internet Implications for B2B Relational Exchange | p. 343 |
Relational Exchange: Beyond Marketing | p. 347 |
Chapter Summary | p. 347 |
Review Section | p. 348 |
Key Terms | p. 348 |
Review Questions | p. 348 |
Thinking Points | p. 349 |
Suggested Readings | p. 350 |
Bibliography | p. 351 |
Index | p. 357 |