Cover image for Theory of wing sections, including a summary of airfoil data
Title:
Theory of wing sections, including a summary of airfoil data
Personal Author:
Publication Information:
New York : Dover Pub., 1959
ISBN:
9780486605869

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30000000604920 TL673.W5 A33 1959 Open Access Book Book
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30000000702096 TL673.W5 A33 1959 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

"Most useful in working with wing sections and methods for using section data to predict wing characteristics . . . much detailed geometric and aerodynamic data." -- Mechanical Engineering
The first edition of this work has been corrected and republished in answer to the continuing demand for a concise compilation of the subsonic aerodynamics characteristics of modern NASA wing sections together with a description of their geometry and associated theory. These wing sections, or their derivatives, continue to be the ones most commonly used for airplanes designed for both subsonic and supersonic speeds, and for helicopter rotor blades, propeller blades, and high performance fans.
Intended to be primarily a reference work for engineers and students, the book devotes over 300 pages to theoretical and experimental considerations. The theoretical treatment progresses from elementary considerations to methods used for the design of NACA low-drag airfoils. Methods and data are presented for using wingsection data to predict wing characteristics, and judiciously selected plots and cross-plots of experimental data are presented for readily useful correlation of certain simplifying assumptions made in the analyses. The chapters on theory of thin wings and airfoils are particularly valuable, as is the complete summary of the NACA's experimental observations and system of constructing families of airfoils. Mathematics has been kept to a minimum, but it is assumed that the reader has a knowledge of differential and integral calculus, and elementary mechanics.
The appendix of over 350 pages contains these tables: Basic Thickness Forms, Mean Lines, Airfoil Ordinates, and Aerodynamic Characteristics of Wing Sections.


Table of Contents

Preface To Dover Edition
Preface
1 The Significance Of Wing-Section Characteristics
Symbols
The Forces on Wings
Effect of Aspect Ratio
Application of Section Data to Monoplane Wings:
a Basic Concepts of Lifting-line Theory
b Solutions for Linear Lift Curves
c Generalized Solution
Applicability of Section Data
2 Simple Two-Dimensional Flows
Symbols
Introduction
Concept of a Perfect Fluid
Equations of Motion
Description of Flow Patterns
Simple Two-dimensional Flows:
a Uniform Stream
b Sources and Sinks
c Doublets
d Circular Cylinder in a Uniform Stream
e Vortex
f Circular Cylinder with Circulation
3 Theory Of Wing Sections Of Finite Thickness
Symbols
Introduction
Complex Variables
Conformal Transformations
Transformation of a Circle into a Wing Section
Flow about Arbitrary Wing Sections
Empirical Modification of the Theory
Design of Wing Sections
4 Theory Of Thin Wing Sections
Symbols
Basic Concepts
Angle of Zero Lift and Pitching Moment
Design of Mean Lines
Engineering Applications of Section Theory
5 The Effects Of Viscosity
Symbols
Concept of Reynolds Number and Boundary Layer
Flow around Wing Sections
Characteristics of the Laminar Layer
Laminar Skin Friction
Momentum Relation
Laminar Separation
Turbulent Flow in Pipes
Turburlent Skin Friction
Calculation of Thickness of the Turbulent Layer
Turbulent Separation
Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
Calculation of Profile Drag
Effect of Mach Number on Skin Friction
6 Families Of Wing Sections
Symbols
Introduction
Method of Combining Mean Lines and Thickness Distributions
NACA Four-digit Wing Sections:
a Thickness Distributions
b Mean Lines
c Numbering System
d Approximate Theoretical Characteristics
NACA Five-digit Wing Sections:
a Thickness Distributions
b Mean Lines
c Numbering System
d Approximate Theoretical Characteristics
Modified NACA Four-and Five-digit Series Wing Sections
NACA 1-Series Wing Sections:
a Thickness Distributions
b Mean Lines
c Numbering System
d Approximate Theoretical Characteristics
NACA 6-Series Wing Sections:
a Thickness Distributions
b Mean Lines
c Numbering System
d Approximate Theoretical Characteristics
NACA 7-Series Wing Sections
Special Combinations of Thickness and Camber
7 Experimental Characteristics Of Wing Sections
Symbols
Introduction
Standard Aerodynamic Characteristics
Lift Characteristics:
a Angle of Zero Lift
b Lift-curve Slope
c Maximum Lift
d Effect of Surface Condition on Lift Characteristics
Drag Characteristics:
a Minimum Drag of Smooth Wing Sections
b Variation of Profile Drag with Lift Coefficient
c Effect of Surface Irregularities on Drag Characteristics
d Unconservative Wing Sections
Pitching moment Characteristics
8 High-Lift Devices
Symbols
Introduction
Plain Flaps
Split Flaps
Slotted Flaps:
a Description of Slotted Flaps
b Single-slotted Flaps
c External-aifoil Flaps
d Double-slotted Flaps
Leading-edge High-lift Devices:
a Slats
b Slots
c Leading-edge Flaps
Boundary-layer Control
The Chordwise Load Distribution over Flapped Wing Sections
9 Effects Of Compressibility At Subsonic Speeds
Symbols
Introduction
Steady Flow through a Stream Tube:
a Adiabatic Law
b Velocity of Sound
c Bernoulli's Equation for Compressible Flow
d Cross-sectional Areas and Pressures in a Stream Tube
e Relations for a Normal Shock
First-order Compressibility Effects:
a Glauert-Prandtl Rule
b Effect of Mach Number on the Pressure Coefficient
Flow about Wing Sections at High Speed:
a Flow at Subcritical Mach Numbers
b Flow at Supercritical Mach Numbers
Experimental Wing Characteristics at High Speeds:
a Lift Characteristics
b Drag Characteristics
c Moment Characteristics
Wings for High-speed Applications
References
Appendix
I Basic Thickness Forms
II Mean Lines
III Airfoil Ordinates
IV Aerodynamic Characteristics of Wing Sections
Index