Water distribution operator training handbook

AWWA's most popular handbook for distribution operators, this handbook provides a complete introduction to water distribution system operation and equipment.

Foreword	p. ix
Chapter 1 US State and Federal Regulations	p. 1
Federal Regulations	p. 1
State Regulations	p. 10
Requirements of Special Interest to Distribution Operators	p. 11
Chapter 2 Maintaining Distribution System Water Quality	p. 15
Sources of Water Quality Problems	p. 15
Practices to Prevent Water Quality Problems	p. 16
Chapter 3 Distribution System Operation and Maintenance	p. 21
Distribution System Inspection	p. 21
Cleaning and Lining Mains	p. 23
Locating Pipe and Detecting Leaks	p. 28
Emergency Repairs	p. 32
Water System Corrosion	p. 35
Chapter 4 Distribution System Design	p. 39
Water Source Effects on System Design	p. 39
Types of Water System Layout	p. 41
Water Main Sizing	p. 44
Chapter 5 Water Main Pipe	p. 47
Pipe Selection	p. 47
Types of Pipe Service	p. 50
Types of Pipe Materials	p. 50
Chapter 6 Distribution System Valves	p. 63
Types of Valves	p. 63
Valve Operation and Installation	p. 71
Chapter 7 Water Main Installation	p. 77
Pipe Shipment, Unloading, and Stringing	p. 77
Excavation	p. 80
Pipe Laying	p. 87
Connecting to Existing Mains	p. 91
Thrust Restraint	p. 93
Air Relief	p. 97
Chapter 8 Backfilling and Main Testing	p. 101
Backfilling the Trench	p. 101
Pressure Testing the Main	p. 103
Flushing and Disinfection	p. 104
Bacteriological Testing	p. 106
Site Restoration and Inspection	p. 107
Chapter 9 Fire Hydrants	p. 109
Hydrant Uses	p. 109
Types of Fire Hydrants	p. 112
Hydrant Installation	p. 115
Hydrant Maintenance	p. 118
Chapter 10 Water Storage	p. 121
Purposes of Water Storage	p. 121
Types of Storage Facilities	p. 124
Location of Distribution Storage	p. 127
Elevated Tank Equipment	p. 129
Ground-Level Reservoir Equipment	p. 132
Operation and Maintenance of Storage Facilities	p. 133
Chapter 11 Water Services	p. 137
Service Line Design	p. 137
Service Line Materials	p. 139
Water Service Taps	p. 143
Water Service Maintenance and Repair	p. 147
Chapter 12 Water Meters	p. 151
Customer Service Meters	p. 151
Large Water Meters	p. 155
Meter Reading	p. 158
Meter Maintenance	p. 163
Chapter 13 Cross-Connection Control	p. 165
Cross-Connection Terminology	p. 165
Public Health Significance	p. 165
Backflow Control Devices	p. 168
Cross-Connection Control Programs	p. 172
Chapter 14 Pumps and Motors	p. 175
Types of Pumps	p. 175
Pump Operation and Maintenance	p. 180
Motors	p. 187
Motor Control Equipment	p. 189
Pump, Motor, and Engine Records	p. 190
Chapter 15 Water Wells	p. 193
Aquifers and Confining Beds	p. 193
Groundwater Sources	p. 193
Well Terms	p. 197
Well Protection	p. 198
Well Records	p. 203
Chapter 16 Distribution System Safety	p. 205
Personal Safety Considerations	p. 205
Equipment Safety	p. 206
Chapter 17 Security, Emergency Preparedness, and Response	p. 213
Vulnerability Assessment	p. 213
Mitigation Measures	p. 214
Response, Recovery, Communications	p. 216
Chapter 18 Instrumentation and Control	p. 219
Monitoring Sensors	p. 219
Secondary Instrumentation	p. 224
Control Systems	p. 227
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition	p. 228
Chapter 19 Distribution System Maps and Records	p. 231
Distribution System Maps	p. 231
Equipment Records	p. 236
Computerized Water Distribution Records	p. 238
Chapter 20 Public Relations	p. 241
Workers Who Have Contact With the Public	p. 241
Dealing With the Media	p. 244
Chapter 21 Distribution Mathematics	p. 245
Working With Numbers	p. 245
Conversion of US Customary Units	p. 248
The Metric System	p. 249
Chapter 22 Distribution System Hydraulics	p. 253
Fluids at Rest and in Motion	p. 253
Hydraulic Gradient	p. 258
Appendix A Conversion of US Customary Units	p. 261
Appendix B Metric Conversions	p. 265
Appendix C Celsius/Fahrenheit Comparison Graph	p. 269
Appendix D Sources of Additional Information	p. 271
Appendix E AWWA Standards	p. 273
Index	p. 277

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