Harold M. Swartz and Jeff F. DunnBritton Chance and Hon Yan Ma and Shoko NiokaRalph P. Mason and Sandeep Hunjan and Anca Constantinescu and Yulin Song and Dawen Zhao and Eric W. Hahn and Peter P. Antich and Peter PeschkeFahmeed Hyder and Peter Brown and Terennce W. Nixon and Kevin L. BeharMojca Pavlin and Tomaz Jarm and Damijian MiklavcicRobert Stingele and Emanuela Keller and Benedicht P. Wagner and Thorsten Steiner and Karoline Stingele and Werner HackeMartin Wolf and Maria A. Franceschini and Lelia A. Paunescu and Vlad Toronov and Antonios Michalos and Ursula Wolf and Enrico Gratton and Sergio FantiniMartin Wolf and Matthias Keel and Vera Dietz and Kurt von Siebenthal and Jan Teller and Hans-Ulrich Bucher and Oskar BaenzigerTroy O. McBride and Brian W. Pogue and Ulf L. Osterberg and Keith D. PaulsenCasmiar I. Nwaigwe and Marcie A. Roche and Oleg Grinberg and Jeff F. DunnArisha L. Honar and Cory Ricks and Kyung A. KangJay L. Zweier and Guanglong He and Alexandre Samouilov and Periannan KuppusamyHeath I. Balcer and James O. Spiker and Kyung A. KangHuiping Wu and Duane F. BruleyJohn E. Biaglow and Intae Lee and Jerry Donahue and Kathy Held and John Mieyal and Mark Dewhirst and Steve TuttleBruce M. Fenton and Scott F. PaoniIntae Lee and Jerry D. Glickson and Mark W. Dewhirst and Dennis B. Leeper and Randy Burd and Harish Poptani and Lydie Nadal and W. Gillies McKenna and John E. BiaglowIntae Lee and Young H. Lee and Stanislaw M. Mikulski and Kuslima ShogenRalph P. Mason and Anca Constantinescu and Sophia Ran and Philip E. ThorpeJulia A. O'Hara and Rosalyn D. Blumenthal and Oleg Y. Grinberg and Stalina Grinberg and Carmen Wilmot and David M. Goldenberg and Harold M. SwartzBrian W. Pogue and Haoqin Zhu and Casmair Nwaigwe and Troy O. McBride and Ulf L. Osterberg and Keith D. Paulsen and Jeffrey F. DunnYulin Song and Kate L. Worden and Xin Jiang and Dawen Zhao and Anca Constantinescu and Hanli Liu and Ralph P. MasonOliver Thews and Yanping Li and Debra K. Kelleher and Britton Chance and Peter VaupelRobert P. Steffen and Jean-Francois Liard and Michael J. Gerber and Stephen J. HoffmanL. Bruce Pearce and Maria S. GawrylN. Simon FaithfullOleg Y. Grinberg and Minoru Miyake and Huagang Hou and Robert P. Steffen and Harold M. SwartzKatherine G. Lyabakh and Irinia N. MankovskayaGeoffrey T. Manley and J. Claude Hemphill and Diane Morabito and Vanessa Erickson and John J. Holcroft and Nakita Derugin and M. Margaret KnudsonMinoru Miyake and Oleg Y. Grinberg and Huagang Hou and Robert P. Steffen and Hisham Elkadi and Harold M. SwartzRoss D. Shonat and Alan P. KoretskyAntal G. HudetzDonald G. Buerk and Dmitriy N. Atochin and Charles E. RivaPaul B. Benni and John K-J. Li and Bo Chen and Joseph Cammarota and David W. AmoryPaul B. Benni and John K-J. Li and Bo Chen and Joseph Cammarota and David W. AmoryTatiana Zaitseva and Gregory Schears and Jin Shen and Jennifer Creed and David F. Wilson and Anna PastuszkoFahmeed Hyder and Ikuhiro Kida and Kevin L. Behar and Richard P. Kennan and Douglas L. RothmanYasuyuki Kakihana and Tomotsu Kuniyoshi and Sumikazu Isowaki and Kazumi Tobo and Etsuro Nagata and Naoko Okayama and Kouichirou Kitahara and Takahiro Moriyama and Takeshi Omae and Masayuki Kawakami and Yuichi Kanmura and Mamoru TamuraFrank Syre and Hellmuth Obrig and Jens Steinbrink and Matthias Kohl and Rudiger Wenzel and Arno VillringerHania A. Al-Hallaq and Marta A. Zamora and Brian L. Fish and Howard J. Halpern and John E. Moulder and Gregory S. KarczmarFranklyn A. Howe and Simon P. Robinson and Loreta M. Rodrigues and Marion Stubbs and John R. GriffithsJianhui Zhong and W. C. Edmund Kwok and Paul OkunieffLothar Weissfloch and Michael Peller and Juergen Weber and Hans-Juergen Feldmann and Reingart Senekowitsch-Schmidtke and Karlheinz Tempel and Jeffrey A. Coderre and Michael Molls and Michael ReiserTiziano Binzoni and Loan Ngo and Massimo Girardis and Roger Springett and Francois Terrier and David DelpyTakafumi Hamaoka and Toshihito Katsumura and Norio Murase and Takayuki Sato and Hiroyuki Higuchi and Motohide Murakami and Kazuki Esake and Ryotaro Kime and Toshiyuki Homma and Akiko Sugeta and Yuko Kurosawa and Teruichi Shimomitsu and Britton ChanceAleksander S. Popel and Daniel Goldman and Arjun VadapalliRyotaro Kime and Toshihito Katsumura and Takafumi Hamaoka and Takuya Osada and Takayuki Sako and Motohide Murakami and Sang Yong Bae and Koji Toshinai and Shukoh Haga and Teruichi ShimomitsuJolanda P.W.M. Lamers-Lemmers and Louis J.C. Hoofd and Berend OeseburgRoger J. Legtenberg and Ralph J.F. Houston and Paul Smits and Berend OeseburgMing Gao and Hiroki Shirato and Kazuo Miyasaka and Tomiyasu KoyamaJospeh C. LaMannaKrishnan Radhakrishnan and Joseph C. LaManna and Marco E. CabreraRoger J. Springett and Marzena Wylezinska and Ernest B. Cady and Veronica Hollis and Mark Cope and David T. DelpyEiji Takahashi and Hiroshi Endoh and Mizue Ishikawa and Machiko Kishi and Katsuhiko DoiHarold M. Swartz and Satoshi Taie and Minoru Miyake and Oleg Y. Grinberg and Huagang Hou and Hisham El-Kadi and Jeff F. DunnHans Degens and Rebecca K. Anderson and Stephen E. AlwaysTomiyasu Koyama and Zhonglin Xie and Jun'ichi Suzuki and Kazuhiro AbePaul Okunieff and Bruce M. Fenton and Lurong Zhang and Francis G. Kern and Timothy Wu and J. Robert Greg and Ivan DingIvan Ding and Weimin Liu and Jianzhong Sun and Scott F. Paoni and Eric Hernady and Bruce M. Fenton and Paul OkunieffPaolo Pichiule and Faton Agani and Juan C. Chavez and Kui Xu and Joseph C. LaMannaYasutomo Nomura and Masataka Kinjo and Mamoru TamuraChris E. Cooper and Caroline AngusLouis Hoofd and Willy Colier and Berend OeseburgPhilip E. James and Melani Madhani and Chris Ross and Linda Klei and Aaron Barchowsky and Harold M.SwartzFredrick Palm and Per-Ola Carlsson and Angelica Fasching and Olof Hellberg and Anders Nygren and Peter Hansell and Per LissTomaz Jarm and Rudi Kragelj and Aadam Liebert and Piotr Lukasiewitz and Tatjana Erjavec and Marketa Preseren-Strukel and Roman Maniewski and Pavle Poredos and Damijan MiklavcicThomas Jue and Youngran ChungGiulia Guerriero and Alessandra Di Finizio and Gaetano CiarciaMarina V. Kameneva and Mary J. Watach and Harvey S. BorovetzLino K. Korah and Frederick D. Scott and G. Melville Williams and Kyung A. KangMarjo J.T. Van de Ven and Willy N.J.M. Colier and Bregina T.P. Kersten and Berend Oeseburg and Hans FolgeringJohn A. Pickett and Maureen S. Thorniley and Nigel Carver and Deric P. JonesNathan A. Davies and Chris E. Cooper and Ray Stidwill and Mervyn Singer

Methods for Assessing Oxygen in Tissues
1. Measurements of Oxygen in Tissues: Overview and Perspectives on Methods	p. 1
2. Quantitative Brain Tissue Oximetry, Phase Spectroscopy and Imaging the Range of Homeostasis in Piglet Brain	p. 13
3. Tumor Oximetry: Comparison of [superscript 19]F Magnetic Resonance Echo Planar Imaging and Electrodes	p. 19
4. Mapping Cerebral Glutamate [superscript 13]C Turnover and Oxygen Consumption by in Vivo NMR	p. 29
5. Monte-Carlo Simulation of Light Transport for Nirs Measurements in Tumors of Elliptic Geometry	p. 41
6. Arterial Pulsations are Present in One Third of the Human Cranial Vascular Volume Penetrated by Near-Infrared Light	p. 51
7. Absolute Frequency-Domain Pulse Oximetry of the Brain: Methodology and Measurements	p. 61
8. The Influence of a Clear Layer on Near-Infrared Spectrophotometry: Comparison of Measurements in a Liquid Neonatal Head Phantom to Infants in Vivo	p. 75
9. Strategies for Absolute Calibration of Near Infrared Tomographic Tissue Imaging	p. 85
10. Brain Tissue and Sagittal Sinus pO[subscript 2] Measurements Using the Lifetimes of Oxygen-Quenched Luminescence of a Ruthenium Compound	p. 101
11. Preliminary Studies on the Photon Path in Breast Tissue Model by Nir-Trs	p. 113
12. Epr Spectroscopy and Imaging of Oxygen: Applications to the Gastrointestinal Tract	p. 123
Protein C Engineering Issues
13. Effects of Blocking Buffers and Plasma Factors on the Protein C Biosensor Performance	p. 133
14. Protein C Separation from Human Blood Plasma Derivatives Using Low Cost Chromatography	p. 143
Oxygen in Tumors
15. Glutathione Depletion or Radiation Treatment Alters Respiration and Induces Apoptosis in R3230AC Mammary Carcinoma	p. 153
16. Oxygenation and Vascular Perfusion in Spontaneous and Transplanted Tumor Models	p. 165
17. Effect of Mild Hyperglycemia [plus or minus] Meta-Iodobenzylguanidine on the Radiation Response of R3230 AC Tumors	p. 177
18. Effect of Onconase [plus or minus] Tamoxifen on ASPC-1 Human Pancreatic Tumors in Nude Mice	p. 187
19 Oxygenation in a Human Tumor Xenograft: Manipulation Through Respiratory Challenge and Antibody-Directed Infarction	p. 197
20. Tumor pO[subscript 2] Assessments in Human Xenograft Tumors Measured by EPR Oximetry: Location of Paramagnetic Materials	p. 205
21. Hemoglobin Imaging with Hybrid Magnetic Resonance and Near-Infrared Diffuse Tomography	p. 215
22. Tumor Oxygen Dynamics: Comparison of [superscript 19]F MR EPI and Frequency Domain NIR Spectroscopy	p. 225
23. Microcirculatory Function, Tissue Oxygenation, Microregional Redox Status and ATP Distribution in Tumors Upon Localized Infrared-A-Hyperthermia at 42[degree]C	p. 237
Enhancing Oxygenation
24. Allosteric Modification of Hemoglobin by RSR13 As a Therapeutic Strategy	p. 249
25. The Pharmacology of Tissue Oxygenation by Biopure's Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier, Hemopure (HBOC-201)	p. 261
26. The Concept of Hemoglobin Equivalency of Perfluorochemical Emulsions	p. 271
27. The Dose-Dependent Effect of RSR13, a Synthetic Allosteric Modifier of Hemoglobin, on Physiological Parameters and Brain Tissue Oxygenation in Rats	p. 287
28. Computer Modeling of Relationship between Critical PVO[subscript 2], VO[subscript 2]Max and Blood Supply of Skeletal Muscle at Working with a Right-Shifted Blood O[subscript 2] Dissociation Curve	p. 297
29. Small-Volume Resuscitation with the Hemoglobin Substitute HBOC-201: Effect on Brain Tissue Oxygenation	p. 311
30. Effect of RSR13, a Synthetic Allosteric Modifier of Hemoglobin, on Brain Tissue pO[subscript 2] (Measured by Epr Oximetry) Following Severe Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats	p. 319
31. Expression of Myoglobin in the Transgenic Mouse Brain	p. 331
CNS Oxygenation
32. The Cerebral Microcirculation in Ischemia and Hypoxemia	p. 347
33. Investigating the Role of Nitric Oxide in Regulating Blood Flow and Oxygen Delivery from in Vivo Electrochemical Measurements in Eye and Brain	p. 359
34. Nirs Monitoring of Pilots Subjected to +Gz Acceleration and G-Induced Loss of Consciousness (G-LOC)	p. 371
35. Correlation of Nirs Determined Cerebral Oxygenation with Severity of Pilot +Gz Acceleration Symptoms	p. 381
36. Altered Gene Expression Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Circulatory Arrest	p. 391
37. Dominant Events That Modulate Mass Transfer Coefficient of Oxygen in Cereral Cortex	p. 401
38. Relationship Between Redox Behavior of Brain Cytochrome Oxidase and Neurological Prognosis	p. 413
39. Are Vep Correlated Fast Optical Signals Detectable in the Human Adult by Non-Invasive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Nirs)?	p. 421
Application of Bold Imaging
40. Using High Spectral and Spatial Resolution Bold Mri to Choose the Optimal Oxygenating Treatment for Individual Cancer Patients	p. 433
41. Issues in Gre & Se Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Probe Tumor Oxygenation	p. 441
42. Fmri for Monitoring Dynamic Changes in Tissue Oxygenation/Blood Flow: Potential Applications for Tumor Response to Carbogen Treatment	p. 449
43. Comparison Study of Oxygen-Induced Mri-Signal Changes and pO[subscript 2] Changes in Murine Tumors	p. 461
Muscle Oxygenation and Metabolism
44. Venous-Arteriolar Reflex in Human Gastrocnemius Studied by Nirs	p. 467
45. Muscle Oxygen Consumption at Onset of Exercise by Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Humans	p. 475
46. Modeling of Oxygen Diffusion from the Blood Vessels to Intracellular Organelles	p. 485
47. Muscle Reoxygenation Rate After Isometric Exercise at Various Intensities in Relation to Muscle Oxidative Capacity	p. 497
48. Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient and Oxygen Permeability of Metmyoglobin Solutions Determined in a Diffusion Chamber Using a Non-Steady State Method	p. 509
49. Pinacidil-Induced Opening, Like Glibenclamide-Induced Closure of Cardiac K[subscript ATP] Channels, Protects Cardiac Function Against Ischemia in Isolated, Working, Erythrocyte Perfused Rat Hearts	p. 519
50. Effect of Irradiation on Enzymes of the Capillary Bed in Rat Ventricles	p. 527
Critical pO[subscript 2]
51. The Redox State of Cytochrome Oxydase in Brain in Vivo: An Historical Perspective	p. 535
52. A Quantitative Study of Oxygen As a Metabolic Regulator	p. 547
53. The Oxygen Dependency of Cerebral Oxidative Metabolism in the Newborn Piglet Studied with [superscript 31]P Nmrs and Nirs	p. 555
54. Effect of Myoglobin Inactivation on Intracellular Gradients of Nadh Fluorescence at Critical Mitochondrial Oxygen Supply	p. 565
55. Effects of Anesthesia on Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Tension: Use of Epr Oximetry to Make Repeated Measurements	p. 569
Oxygen Related Gene Activation
56. Capillarization and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Hypertrophying Anterior Latissimus Dorsi Muscle of the Japanese Quail	p. 577
57. Expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen in Rat Hearts Subjected to Transient Ischemia Followed by Reperfusion	p. 587
58. Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFS) Increase Breast Tumor Growth Rate, Metastases, Blood Flow, and Oxygenation without Significant Change in Vascular Density	p. 593
59. Mechanisms of FGF1 and VEGF Mediated Angiogenesis KHT Tumor Bearing Mice	p. 603
60. HIF-1[alpha] and VEGF Expression after Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia	p. 611
61. Relationship between the Gene Expression of C-Fos and Degree of Hypoxia in Rat Brain, as Revealed by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy	p. 619
Oxygen Metabolism and Pathophysiology
62. Blood Volume Changes are Controlled Centrally, Not Locally - a Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study of One-Legged Aerobic Exercise	p. 627
63. A Modeling Investigation to the Possible Role of Myoglobin in Human Muscle in Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Measurements	p. 637
64. Tissue Hypoxia During Bacterial Sepsis is Attenuated by PR-39, an Antibacterial Peptide	p. 645
65. Effects of the Contrast Medium Iopromide on Renal Hemodynamics and Oxygen Tension in the Diabetic Rat Kidney	p. 653
66. Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease Measured by Three Noninvasive Methods	p. 661
67. Role of Myoglobin in Regulating Respiration	p. 671
68. Oxidative Defenses in the Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus Labrax	p. 681
69. Rheologic Dissimilarities in Female and Male Blood: Potential Link to Development of Cardiovascular Diseases	p. 689
70. Preliminary Studies of the Application of Near Infrared Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis	p. 697
71. Cerebrovascular Response to Acute Metabolic Acidosis in Humans	p. 707
72. Free Flap Monitoring in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery	p. 717
73. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration During Early Stage Sepsis	p. 725
Author Index	p. 737
Subject Index	p. 741