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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000004726265 | S589.7 N48 2005 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
Searching... | 30000010156559 | S589.7 N48 2005 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
This book serves as an introduction to invertebrate conservation biology for agriculturists and to crop protection for conservation biologists. Demonstrating how the two disparate fields may interact for greater collective benefit, it draws on recent literature to reveal how invertebrate conservation in highly altered landscapes may be promoted and enhanced.
Author Notes
Tim New is Reader and Associate Professor in Zoology at La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
Reviews 1
Choice Review
Human population growth is principally fueled by a few plant species. Preferential cultivation displaces indigenous flora and fauna. Management methods used to protect cultivated species from a few thousand species of invertebrate pests often have unintended adverse effects. The human species is redirecting the energy available in the biosphere to support more people, consistent with a universal biological imperative of increasing species density until the environment can no longer sustain such densities (which are often then drastically reduced by starvation, disease, etc.). The dire consequences that result when a species overshoots its carrying capacity are often presaged by ancillary effects upon other species. New (La Trobe Univ., Victoria) dispassionately presents the evidence for agriculture displacing indigenous invertebrates, and optimistically argues that agricultural ecosystems can be better managed to significantly improve conservation of invertebrates through developing a better understanding of the landscape. New recognizes that conservationists and agriculturists share a vast common ground for understanding differing perspectives and provides the context for each to communicate more effectively with the other. The major strength of this work is the equitable tone that attempts to reconcile production with conservation to the mutual benefit of both perspectives. References and index are provided. ^BSumming Up: Recommended. All levels. M. K. Harris Texas A&M University
Table of Contents
| Preface | p. xi |
| Acknowledgements | p. xiii |
| 1 Introduction: agricultural ecosystems and conservation | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Agroecosystems and agroecology | p. 7 |
| Agroecosystems and natural ecosystems | p. 10 |
| The protected area system as the conservation estate | p. 14 |
| 2 Agriculture and biodiversity: the place of invertebrates | p. 18 |
| Introduction | p. 18 |
| Biodiversity in agroecosystems | p. 22 |
| Ecosystem services | p. 28 |
| Ecological redundancy | p. 29 |
| Invertebrates: knowledge of functional diversity | p. 32 |
| Evaluating invertebrate biodiversity | p. 35 |
| Invertebrates in agroecosystems: the major players | p. 44 |
| 3 Agriculture: effects on invertebrate diversity and conservation | p. 53 |
| Introduction: a central paradox | p. 53 |
| Threats to invertebrates from agriculture | p. 54 |
| Threats and agricultural practices | p. 64 |
| Invertebrates: targets and tools in conservation | p. 66 |
| Taxonomic and functional-group bases for indicators | p. 77 |
| Values of the taxon approach to indicators | p. 80 |
| 4 Agricultural distrubance: diversity and effects on invertebrates | p. 85 |
| Introduction | p. 85 |
| Invertebrates as pests in agriculture: an ecological framework | p. 89 |
| Pest control and pest management | p. 98 |
| Integrated pest management | p. 101 |
| Pesticides: a universal concern | p. 103 |
| 5 Biological control and invertebrate conservation | p. 138 |
| Introduction | p. 138 |
| Classical biological control | p. 139 |
| Single or multiple agents? | p. 155 |
| Native biolgoical control agents | p. 158 |
| Pre-emptive classical biological control | p. 162 |
| Documenting and appraising risks of classical biological control | p. 162 |
| Wider ecological effects | p. 179 |
| Neoclassical biological control | p. 181 |
| Insect pathogens and pest management | p. 183 |
| 6 Cultural aspects of pest management | p. 189 |
| Introduction | p. 189 |
| Conservation biological control | p. 195 |
| Modifications within the crop | p. 203 |
| 7 Extending beyond cropping areas | p. 213 |
| Introduction | p. 213 |
| Field margins | p. 217 |
| Within-field habitats for natural enemies | p. 226 |
| 8 Field margins and landscape ecology | p. 229 |
| Introduction | p. 229 |
| Movement patterns of natural enemies | p. 234 |
| Other invertebrates | p. 240 |
| Wider values of unsprayed field margins | p. 249 |
| Metapopulations | p. 257 |
| 9 Pasture management and conservation | p. 266 |
| Introduction | p. 266 |
| Wider grassland management | p. 273 |
| 10 Towards more holistic management for invertebrates | p. 277 |
| Introduction | p. 277 |
| Ecosystem and landscape management | p. 278 |
| Area-wide pest management | p. 293 |
| Prescriptive land management | p. 294 |
| Farm woodlands and agroforestry | p. 296 |
| Implications of biotechnology | p. 302 |
| Conservation of pests | p. 305 |
| Concluding comment | p. 307 |
| References | p. 312 |
| Index | p. 349 |
