Cover image for Digital terrain analysis in soil science and geology
Title:
Digital terrain analysis in soil science and geology
Personal Author:
Publication Information:
Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier/Academic Press, c2012
Physical Description:
xviii, 379 p., [32] p. of plates : ill. ; 24 cm.
ISBN:
9780123850362

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30000010315163 QE48.8 F56 2012 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

Digital Terrain Analysis in Soil Science and Geology provides soil scientists and geologists with an integrated view of the principles and methods of digital terrain analysis. Its attention to first principles and focus on error analysis makes it a useful resource for scientists to uncover the method applications particular to their needs. Digital Terrain Analysis in Soil Science and Geology covers a wide range of applications in the context of multi-scale problems of soil science and geology.


Author Notes

Igor Florinsky is a Principal Research Scientist at the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences. He has previously held positions as a Visiting Fellow at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and a Research Scientist at the University of Manitoba in Canada. He is an author, co-author, or editor of over 125 publications including 2 books, 2 edited volumes, 50 papers in peer-reviewed journals, and 13 peer-reviewed book chapters. He is an Editorial Board Member for the journals Chinese Geographical Science, Space and Time, and the International Journal of Ecology and Development. His research interests include digital terrain modeling and geomorphometry, interrelationships between topography, soils, and tectonics, and the influence of the geological environment on humans, society and civilization.


Table of Contents

Prefacep. ix
Acknowledgmentsp. xv
Abbreviations and acronymsp. xvii
1 Digital Terrain Modeling: A Brief Historical Overviewp. 1
I Principles and Methods of Digital Terrain Modelingp. 5
2 Morphometric Variables
2.1 Topographic Surfacep. 7
2.2 Local Morphometric Variablesp. 9
2.3 Nonlocal Morphometric Variablesp. 16
2.4 Structural Linesp. 19
2.5 Solar Morphometric Variablesp. 21
2.6 Combined Morphometric Variablesp. 23
2.7 Landform Classificationsp. 23
3 Digital Elevation Models
3.1 DEM Generationp. 31
3.2 DEM Grid Typesp. 36
3.3 DEM Resolutionp. 38
3.4 DEM Interpolationp. 40
4 Calculation Methods
4.1 The Evans-Young Methodp. 43
4.2 Calculation of Local Morphometric Variables on a Plane Square Gridp. 45
4.3 Calculation of Local Morphometric Variables on a Spheroidal Equal Angular Gridp. 54
4.4 Calculation of Nonlocal Morphometric Variablesp. 59
4.5 Calculation of Structural Linesp. 61
5 Errors and Accuracy
5.1 Sources of DEM Errorsp. 66
5.2 Estimation of DEM Accuracyp. 70
5.3 Calculation Accuracy of Local Morphometric Variablesp. 71
5.4 Ignoring of the Sampling Theoremp. 81
5.5 The Gibbs Phenomenonp. 88
5.6 Grid Displacementp. 93
5.7 Linear Artifactsp. 98
6 Filtering
6.1 Tasks of DTM Filteringp. 103
6.2 Methods of DTM Filteringp. 109
6.3 Two-dimensional Singular Spectrum Analysisp. 122
7 Mapping and Visualization
7.1 Peculiarities of Morphometric Mappingp. 133
7.2 Combined Visualization of Morphometric Variablesp. 135
7.3 Cross Sectionsp. 135
7.4 Three-dimensional Topographic Modelingp. 136
7.5 Combining Hill-shading Maps with Soil and Geological Datap. 141
II Digital Terrain Modeling in Soil Science
8 Influence of Topography on Soil Properties
8.1 Introductionp. 145
8.2 Local Morphometric Variables and Soilp. 146
8.3 Nonlocal Morphometric Variables and Soilp. 148
8.4 Discussionp. 149
9 Adequate Resolution of Models
9.1 Motivationp. 151
9.2 Theoryp. 153
9.3 Field Studyp. 157
10 Predictive Soil Mapping
10.1 The Dokuchaev Hypothesis as a Central Idea of Soil Predictionsp. 167
10.2 Early Modelsp. 170
10.3 Current Predictive Methodsp. 172
10.4 Topographic Multivariable Approachp. 187
11 Analyzing Relationships in the "Topography-Soil" System
11.1 Motivationp. 191
11.2 Study Sitesp. 192
11.3 Materials and Methodsp. 195
11.4 Results and Discussionp. 214
III Digital Terrain Modeling in Geology
12 Folds and Folding
12.1 Introductionp. 223
12.2 Fold Geometry and Fold Classificationp. 223
12.3 Predicting the Degree of Fold Deformation and Fracturingp. 225
12.4 Folding Models and the Theorema Egregiump. 226
13 Lineaments and Faults
13.1 Motivationp. 231
13.2 Theoryp. 235
13.3 Method Validationp. 237
13.4 Two Case Studiesp. 241
14 Accumulation Zones and Fault Intersections
14.1 Motivationp. 255
14.2 Study Areap. 257
14.3 Materials and Methodsp. 258
14.4 Results and Discussionp. 261
15 Global Topography and Tectonic Structures
15.1 Motivationp. 263
15.2 Materials and Data Processingp. 266
15.3 Results and Discussionp. 269
16 Synthesisp. 285
Appendix A The Mathematical Basis of Local Morphometric Variables, by Peter A. Shary
A.1 Gradient, Flow Lines, and Special Pointsp. 289
A.2 Aspect and Insolationp. 294
A.3 Curvaturesp. 297
A.4 Generating Functionp. 312
Appendix B LandLord-A Brief Description of the Softwarep. 315
Referencesp. 317
Indexp. 367
Color Plate Section