Mastering enterprise SOA with SAP NetWeaver and mySAP ERP

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* SAP is investing billions to redesign its flagship R/3 product line based on its ESA, and that ESA will become the standard framework for developing all new SAP ERP applications with NetWeaver
* This book provides an overview of the core building blocks of SAP's new ESA, and shows how ESA works with the NetWeaver platform as well as mySAP ERP
* A step-by-step action plan proposes ideas for designing ESA-based SAP applications
* The companion Web site contains in-depth case examples that show how to build various SAP services and applications using the NetWeaver development tools, plus third-party tools
* Some of the SAP tools covered include NetWeaver Developer Studio, WebDynPro and NetWeaver Portal, NetWeaver BI, and the SAP Composite Application Framework

Author Notes

Scott Campbell has more than 15 years of experience in the IT industry. He is currently a Partner with MomentumSI, where he leads the firm's SAP NetWeaver practice, which helps organizations develop their ESA road maps, leverage NetWeaver tools to build process-driven composite applications, and deliver training and mentoring for professionals working in SOA and Web ser-vices environments.

Vamsi Mohun is a Principal Consultant in the SAP NetWeaver Practice at MomentumSI. He works with clients to propose and execute solutions related to enterprise architecture, service enablement, and systems integration. He has been consulting for more than 10 years.

About the Authors	p. iii
Foreword	p. xv
Acknowledgments	p. xix
Introduction	p. xxi
Part I Understanding SAP's ESA Strategy	p. 1
Chapter 1 ESA Is Coming	p. 3
A New Blueprint for SAP Solutions	p. 4
Why ESA Is Critical to SAP	p. 7
ESA Is a "Bet the Company" Strategy	p. 8
ESA Was Triggered by Major Technology Changes	p. 9
ESA Is Focused on Delivering Business Solutions	p. 12
Some Misconceptions About ESA	p. 14
Myth: ESA Is More Marketing Than Real Change	p. 14
Myth: NetWeaver Is Just Repackaging of Old Ideas and Products	p. 15
Myth: ESA Is Just an SAP "Thing"	p. 15
Myth: ESA Is Just SAP's Nickname for SOA	p. 16
Myth: The SAP NetWeaver Platform Is Not as Good as Other Application and Integration Products You Have Seen	p. 16
Myth: You Have to Wait Until ESA Is "Finished"	p. 17
Myth: You Have to Upgrade Your ERP or Business Suite Applications to Begin with ESA	p. 17
Some Key Consideration Regarding ESA Adoption	p. 19
Characteristics of Your Organization	p. 19
Roles Within Your Organization	p. 20
Goals for Making ESA Applicable to Your Enterprise	p. 25
Summary	p. 27
References	p. 28
Chapter 2 ESA in Context: The Emergence and Benefits of SAP's "Applistructure"	p. 29
Motivations for the New SAP Architecture	p. 30
Overcoming the Problems with Packaged Applications	p. 31
Overcoming the Problems with "Best of Breed" Architectures	p. 33
Overcoming the Problems with Managing the Business of IT	p. 36
Industry Consolidation and the Evolution to "Applistructures"	p. 41
Emergence of Application Platforms	p. 41
Maturity of Packaged Business Applications	p. 45
Enter SOA as a Disruptive Technology	p. 46
Business Applications and Platforms Coexist	p. 47
"Applistructures": Business Applications and Platforms Unite	p. 48
The Capabilities of the SAP ESA "Applistructure"	p. 52
The "Applistructure" Impact on SAP's Business Applications	p. 53
The "Applistructure" Impact on SAP's Technology Platform	p. 53
Emerging SOA Capabilities Supporting SAP's "Applistructure"	p. 54
The Value of SAP's ESA "Applistructure"	p. 59
Business Alignment Through Process Visibility and Flexibility	p. 59
Better Usability and User Productivity	p. 61
Better Process Execution Through Embedded Analytics	p. 62
Improved Lifecycle Management and Governance	p. 63
Expanded Functionality from Ecosystem Partners	p. 64
Lower Solution Implementation, Integration, and Maintenance Costs	p. 65
An "Applistructure" Illustration	p. 66
Where Do You Go from Here?	p. 68
A Fork in the Road	p. 69
Picking Your Path	p. 70
Summary	p. 72
References	p. 73
Chapter 3 Enabling ESA: The Evolution of NetWeaver and mySAP ERP	p. 75
The Evolution of the NetWeaver Platform: From Components to IT Practices	p. 76
SAP Integration Technologies Before NetWeaver	p. 77
The Launch of SAP NetWeaver	p. 78
The Rise and Fall of the Component View of NetWeaver	p. 80
The New NetWeaver Platform: IT Practices-Driven	p. 81
How NetWeaver Evolves into a Business Process Platform	p. 91
The Emerging Technical Capabilities of a Platform for ESA	p. 91
The SAP NetWeaver Platform Road Map	p. 92
The MySAP ERP Applications Road Map	p. 100
Evolution of the ERP Technology Foundations	p. 100
The mySAP ERP 2005 Architecture	p. 102
Composite Applications	p. 103
The Road Ahead for the SAP Architecture	p. 105
Full-Service Enabling of the mySAP Business Suite	p. 105
Ongoing Refactoring of the Applications	p. 106
New Editions of Business Applications	p. 107
Unified Modeling and Development Environments	p. 108
Summary	p. 108
Chapter 4 The SAP ESA Ecosystem: Enabling Collaborative Innovation	p. 111
Why an Ecosystem Is Critical to ESA	p. 112
Integrating End-to-End Business Solutions	p. 113
Delivering a Complete Technical Foundation for ESA	p. 113
Focused on Customers	p. 114
Ecosystem-Enabled Business Innovation	p. 114
SAP Industry Business Units and Industry Value Networks	p. 115
Tackling the Solutions White Space	p. 116
The Enterprise Services Community	p. 118
The Need for Coordinating Service Definitions	p. 119
How the Enterprise Services Community Operates	p. 120
The Technology Platform Ecosystem	p. 128
The Role of a Technology Platform Ecosystem	p. 128
Leading Platform Ecosystem Partners	p. 129
An Ecosystem Infrastructure Example: The Adaptive Computing Controller	p. 130
New Ecosystem Application and Certification Options for Partners	p. 132
Applications Deployed on the SAP NetWeaver Platform	p. 133
Partner Applications Integrated with SAP NetWeaver Portal	p. 134
Applications Pre-Integrated with mySAP Business Suite Applications	p. 134
SAP and the Standards Bodies Ecosystem	p. 136
Technology and Business Standards Organizations	p. 136
Practitioner Community Ecosystem	p. 138
The SAP Developer Network	p. 138
SAP User Group Communities	p. 139
Ecosystem Considerations for Customers and Partners	p. 140
Implications for Customers	p. 140
Implications for Partners	p. 144
Examples of ESA Ecosystem Product Collaboration	p. 147
Duet for Microsoft Office and SAP	p. 147
Vendavo Price and Margin Management Solutions	p. 148
Pavilion Technologies Model Predictive Control Solutions	p. 149
Mercury	p. 150
Summary	p. 151
Part II Evaluating ESA Capabilities and Building Your Adoption Road Map	p. 153
Chapter 5 Understanding SOA Foundations and SAP's ESA Infrastructure	p. 155
An Introduction to SOA, Web Services, and Enterprise Services	p. 156
Understanding SOA and the Relationship to Web Services	p. 157
How Web Services Work - The Basic Profile	p. 159
The Benefits and Limitations of Web Services	p. 162
Enterprise Services Versus Web Services	p. 164
An Example of Enterprise Services	p. 168
Technical Requirements for Services in an ESA World	p. 171
Web Services Extensions	p. 172
Business Process Orchestration and Execution Standards	p. 176
Solution Composition Standards	p. 177
Finding and Governing Services with Registries and Repositories	p. 177
Service Registries	p. 178
Service Repositories	p. 179
Service Intermediaries	p. 180
Functions of a Service Intermediary	p. 182
Architecture and Design of Intermediaries on a Service Network - The ESB Debate	p. 183
SAP's Enterprise Services Inventory and Infrastructure	p. 185
SAP's Enterprise Services Inventory	p. 186
Enterprise Services Repository	p. 190
Implementation and Composition Tools	p. 194
Enterprise Services Run-Time Infrastructure	p. 197
Summary	p. 199
References	p. 200
Chapter 6 ESA and End-to-End Business Process Management	p. 201
An Introduction to BPM	p. 202
The Difference Between BPM, BPMS, and a BPP	p. 202
From Functional Silo Applications to Process Management with ESA	p. 205
The Benefits of BPM Solutions	p. 207
Enabling Capabilities for BPM	p. 209
Process Modeling Tools and Repository	p. 210
Process Execution Engine	p. 211
Workflow	p. 212
Business Rules Management	p. 213
Integration Capabilities	p. 213
Business Activity Monitoring	p. 214
Process Analytics and Simulation	p. 215
UI Development and Delivery	p. 215
How SAP Delivers End-to-End BPM Capabilities	p. 216
Design-Time BPM Capabilities	p. 217
Run-Time BPM Capabilities	p. 220
Business Process Experts Community	p. 222
Defining the Business Process Expert	p. 222
The Business Process Management Lifecycle	p. 223
What the BPX Community Can Offer	p. 224
Summary	p. 224
Chapter 7 ESA Adoption: The Role of Enterprise IT Architecture	p. 227
The Purpose of Enterprise Architecture	p. 228
Classical Enterprise Architecture	p. 229
At What Level Do Enterprise Architecture Activities Take Place?	p. 235
Why Enterprise Architecture Initiatives Are Critical for Successful ESA Adoption	p. 236
What Changes with ESA - The Big Picture	p. 236
Setting Your Perspective on ESA Adoption	p. 242
How SAP NetWeaver and ESA Affect the Architecture	p. 243
Why Enterprise Architecture Activities Succeed or Fail and What This Means to ESA Adoption	p. 246
Determining the Right Level for Enterprise Architecture Decisions	p. 246
Getting the Right Input to Support Enterprise Architecture Decisions	p. 247
Ensuring the Enterprise Architecture Deliverables Are Useful, Usable, and Actionable	p. 248
Having the Right People and Collaboration in Enterprise Architecture Roles	p. 250
Enforcing Enterprise Architecture Decisions	p. 251
Gaining Leadership Support for EA-Related Activities	p. 252
Enterprise Architecture Frameworks and Related Tools, Methods, and Processes	p. 255
The Value of EA Frameworks	p. 255
Popular EA Frameworks and Methods	p. 256
Lighter Weight Enterprise Architecture Considerations	p. 259
Enterprise Architecture Maturity Measurement	p. 260
Enterprise Architecture Tools	p. 261
Enterprise Architecture Training and Certification	p. 261
Summary	p. 262
References	p. 263
Chapter 8 Planning Your ESA Adoption Program and Pilot Projects	p. 265
The Role of an SOA Adoption Program	p. 266
Typical Phases in ESA Adoption	p. 268
The Basic SOA Adoption Program Process	p. 270
SAP's ESA Adoption Program Service Offering	p. 271
Crafting Your Adoption Program	p. 273
Establishing a Strategic Business Process Perspective for ESA Adoption	p. 275
Shifting Your Focus to Business Processes and IT Investment Alignment	p. 275
How ESA Adoption Can Better Align IT Investments with Business Processes	p. 281
Selecting Major Themes for ESA Adoption	p. 282
Optimizing Key Business Processes	p. 282
Consolidating Applications & Infrastructure	p. 283
Modernizing IT Capability	p. 284
Launching Your ESA Adoption Program	p. 286
Picking the Initial Program Management Team	p. 287
Setting Goals and Planning Your Program	p. 288
Selecting and Running Pilots and Projects	p. 291
Managing and Executing Pilots and Projects	p. 292
ESA Adoption Program Management Activities	p. 295
Performing Post-Project Reviews	p. 295
Running the ESA Communications and Training Campaign	p. 297
Enabling ESA Governance	p. 297
IT Project Lifecycle and Organizational Changes	p. 302
Controlling ESA Adoption Risk	p. 304
Measuring ESA Adoption Value	p. 305
Summarizing the Results of ESA Program Management	p. 310
Balancing General SOA Adoption Practices with SAP-Centric ESA-Based Adoption	p. 311
Characteristics of an SAP ESA-Centric Approach	p. 311
Characteristics of a Vendor-Neutral Approach to SOA	p. 312
Characteristics of a Hybrid Approach to Adopting ESA and SOA	p. 312
Major Considerations in Balancing SOA- and SAP-Based ESA Adoption	p. 313
Some "Rules of Thumb" for Decision-Making	p. 317
Summary	p. 318
References	p. 319
Chapter 9 Analyzing ESA-Based Solutions Architectures	p. 321
Introducing the Business Scenarios	p. 322
Summary of Process Needs and Opportunities	p. 322
ESA Benefits Over Traditional Approaches for These Scenarios	p. 323
Scenario #1 Enhancing Processes with Manufacturing Analytics	p. 324
The Overall Composite Solutions Architecture	p. 326
Scenario #2 Providing Information Workers and Customers with Front-Ends to SAP	p. 329
Defining the Development and Composition Architecture	p. 330
ESA-Based Solution Architectures	p. 331
Scenario #3 Integrating Suppliers for More Efficient and Effective Procurement	p. 333
The Self-Service Procurement Challenge and the Role of Supplier Networks	p. 333
A Hypothetical ESA-Based Solutions Architecture for Supplier Networks	p. 336
The Role of These Solutions in ESA Adoption	p. 338
Summary	p. 339
Part III Realizing ESA Through SAP NetWeaver	p. 341
Chapter 10 An Introduction to ESA-Development with SAP NetWeaver	p. 343
An Overview of ESA-Based Development	p. 344
The SAP NetWeaver Platform Architecture	p. 346
Development Tool Architecture	p. 348
NetWeaver Developer Studio	p. 349
Eclipse Platform	p. 349
NetWeaver Developer Studio Plug-ins	p. 351
Java Dictionary	p. 352
Web Services	p. 354
XI	p. 355
Integration Repository	p. 355
Integration Directory	p. 356
XI Run-Time	p. 358
SAP NetWeaver Portal	p. 359
Portal Content Studio	p. 361
Portal Development Kit	p. 362
Java PDK	p. 362
Composite Application Framework	p. 363
Concepts	p. 365
Guided Procedures	p. 365
Composite Application Services	p. 366
User-Interface Patterns and Web Dynpro	p. 367
Web Dynpro	p. 368
Web Dynpro Plug-in	p. 369
Visual Composer	p. 371
Visual Composer Modeler	p. 372
Summary	p. 373
References	p. 374
Chapter 11 Developing Enterprise Services	p. 375
The Enterprise Services Infrastructure	p. 376
Enterprise Services as Mediated Web Services	p. 378
Creating a Service Using the Inside-Out Approach	p. 379
Developing the Web Service	p. 380
Developing the Mediated Web Service	p. 385
Creating a Service Using the Outside-In Approach	p. 395
Developing the Enterprise Service Interface	p. 396
Developing the Server Proxy	p. 399
Summary	p. 400
References	p. 401
Chapter 12 Orchestrating Business Processes	p. 403
Business Level Modeling	p. 404
Prerequisites to Effective Business Process Orchestration	p. 406
Governance of IT Assets for Business Process Modeling	p. 406
Key Standards for Enabling BPM	p. 407
Web Services	p. 407
XML	p. 409
SOAP	p. 410
WSDL	p. 411
BPEL	p. 413
Process Execution in XI	p. 413
Integration Processes	p. 415
Step Types	p. 416
Graphical Process Editor	p. 417
Creating an Integration Process	p. 419
Business Process Patterns	p. 428
Integration Scenarios	p. 430
Creating an Integration Scenario	p. 430
Summary	p. 437
References	p. 437
Chapter 13 SAP's Composite Application Framework and Guided Procedures	p. 439
Business Task Management - Core Capabilities	p. 440
A Solutions Perspective	p. 441
Example Scenario	p. 443
Design	p. 444
CAF Core	p. 445
Creating the Project	p. 445
Creating an Entity Service	p. 446
Creating an Application Service	p. 452
Creating Guided Procedures	p. 456
Setting the Endpoint Alias	p. 456
Creating a Callable Object	p. 457
Creating an Action	p. 464
Creating a Block	p. 465
Summary	p. 471
References	p. 471
Chapter 14 Creating Additional User Interfaces Using Services	p. 473
Concepts	p. 474
Creating a User Interface with Web Dynpro	p. 475
Web Dynpro Component	p. 475
Creating the Web Dynpro Component	p. 477
Creating a User Interface with Visual Composer	p. 490
Business Packages in Portal	p. 498
Summary	p. 500
Chapter 15 Embedded Analytics	p. 501
Understanding Embedded Analytics	p. 502
Closing the Loop	p. 503
Example #1 Creating Context for a Vacation Request	p. 504
Example #2 Creating Context for a Goods Return Request	p. 505
Designing Embedded Analytics	p. 507
Data Strategy	p. 507
Case Study and Design	p. 508
Building Embedded Analytics	p. 509
Analytics with Visual Composer	p. 510
Implementation	p. 512
The Outlook for Embedded Analytics	p. 514
Business Event Networks and Event-Driven Architecture	p. 514
High-Performance Analytics	p. 515
New Front-End Technologies	p. 515
Dynamic Service Composition	p. 516
Summary	p. 516
References	p. 517
Chapter 16 ESA Today and the Road Ahead	p. 519
Reviewing the Strategic Direction for ESA	p. 520
Technology Direction for ESA	p. 520
The Impact on SAP Solutions	p. 522
Customer Implications	p. 524
Partner Implications	p. 525
Scenarios Where Organizations Are Leveraging ESA Today	p. 526
Consolidation and Process Optimization Scenario	p. 527
Process Composition Scenario	p. 527
SOA Adoption Scenario	p. 528
Ecosystem ISV Partner Scenario	p. 529
Future Industry and Technology Trends That Will Affect SAP's Strategy and Solutions	p. 530
Modeling of Business and IT	p. 530
Greater Unification Inside the SAP NetWeaver Platform	p. 531
Improved Business Service Semantics	p. 531
Technology Standards	p. 531
Service-Oriented Analysis and Design Methods	p. 532
Enhanced Infrastructure Capabilities	p. 533
Advances in the Discipline of Enterprise Architecture	p. 533
Maturity of the SAP Ecosystem	p. 533
Conclusion and Additional Resources	p. 534
Summary	p. 537
Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms	p. 539
Index	p. 545

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