Labyrinth and piano key weirs II : PKW 2013

Dam engineering is currently experiencing a strong revival of labyrinth oriented weirs. Labyrinth weirs, with a repetitive constructional character and an increased specific discharge capacity, are a very good technical-economical compromise. The concept of Piano Key Weir (PKW), with alveoli developed in overhangs from a reduced support area, enables the installation of non-linear crests at the top of concrete dams. As a result it eliminates the main drawback of classical labyrinth weirs, and enables their use to rehabilitate numerous existing dams.

Since the first implementation of piano key weirs by Electricité de France on Goulours dam (France) in 2006, at least eight PKWs have been built in France, Vietnam and Switzerland. Their operation over a few years has already provided the first prototype data. Other projects are under study, construction or planning in varied countries. On another hand, research programs are under progress all over the world.

Following a first edition in 2011, Labyrinth and Piano Key Weirs II - PKW 2013 collects up-to-date contributions from people with various backgrounds, from engineers and researchers to academics. Summarizing the last developments on labyrinth oriented weirs, the book constitutes the state-of-the-art in research and application of piano key weir solutions, and will be invaluable to professionals and scientists interested in Dams Engineering.

M. Ho To. KhanhA. OuamaneH. ChansonG.M. Cicero and J.R. DelisleV. Lefebvre and J. Vermeulen and B. BlancherM.R. Dabling and B.P. TullisS. Erpicum and A. Silvestri and B. Dewals and P. Archambeau and M. Pirotton and M. Colombié and L. FaramondM. Pfister and E. Battisacco and G. De Cesare and A.J. SchleissF. Belaabed and A. OuamaneN. Sharma and H. TiwariG.M. Cicero and J.R. DelisleA. Silvestri and P. Archambeau and M. Pirotton and B. Dewals and S. ErpicumG.S. Paxson and B.P. Tullis and D.J. HertelO. Machiels and B. Dewals and P. Archambeau and M. Pirotton and S. ErpicumM. Pfister and A.J. SchleissH.M. Jayatillake and K.T.N. PereraM.A. Phillips and E.J. LesleighterA. Bail and L. Deroo and J.P. SixdenierP.E. Loisel and F. Duval and S. ChanourdieA.J. Botha and I.P. Fitz and A.J. Moore and F.E. Mulder and N.J. Van DeventerP.E. Loisel and P. Valley and F. LaugierM. Beretta and A.G. Merino and O. Cazaillet and R. BatterhamF. Laugier and J. Vermeulen and V. LefebvreP. EichenbergerJ.C. Ackers and F.C.J. Bennett and T.A. Scott and G. KarunaratneT. Pinchard and J.-L. Farges and J.-M. Boutet and A. Lochu and F. LaugierM. Pfister and A.J. Schleiss and B.P. TullisG.M. Cicero and J.R. Delisle and V. Lefebvre and J. VermeulenM. Leite Ribeiro and M. Pfister and A.J. SchleissB.M. Crookston and G.S. Paxson and D.B. Campbell

Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. xi
Organization	p. xiii
Organizing institutions	p. xv
Supporting institutions	p. xvii
Sponsoring companies	p. xix
Keynote lectures
The Piano Key Weirs: 15 years of Research & Development - Prospect	p. 3
Improvement of labyrinth weirs shape	p. 15
Embankment dam spillways and energy dissipators	p. 23
A Physical and numerical modeling - Hydraulic capacity and scale effects
Effects of the crest shape on the discharge efficiency of a type A Piano Key Weir	p. 41
Influence of geometrical parameters on PK-Weirs discharge with 3D numerical analysis	p. 49
Staged labyrinth weirs and their effects on the outflow hydrograph	p. 57
Escouloubre Piano Key weir: Prototype versus scale models	p. 65
Scale effects related to the rating curve of cylindrically crested Piano Key weirs	p. 73
B Physical and numerical modeling - Submergence and energy dissipation
Submerged flow regimes of Piano Key weir	p. 85
Experimental study on vertical velocity and submergence depth near Piano Key weir	p. 93
Discharge characteristics of Piano Key weirs under submerged flow	p. 101
Comparative analysis of the energy dissipation on a stepped spillway downstream of a Piano Key Weir	p. 111
C Hydraulic and structural design
Comparison of Piano Key Weirs with labyrinth and gated spillways: Hydraulics, cost, constructability and operations	p. 123
An analytical approach for Piano Key weir hydraulic design	p. 131
Estimation of A-type Piano Key weir rating curve	p. 139
D Planned projects
Design of a Piano-Key Weir for Giritale Dam spillway in Sri Lanka	p. 151
Piano Key Weir spillway: Upgrade option for a major dam	p. 159
Designing a new spillway for the Rassisse Dam	p. 169
Hydraulic scale model of the daisy-shape spillway on the Causse Corrézien dam	p. 177
Application of the Piano Key Weir spillway in the Republic of South Africa	p. 185
Hydraulic physical model of Piano Key Weirs as additional flood spillways on the Charmine dam	p. 195
Quipolly dam: A case study on customizing Fusegates® design for adverse spillway conditions	p. 203
E Existing projects
Overview of Piano Key Weirs experience developed at EDF during the past few years.	p. 213
The first commercial Piano Key Weir in Switzerland	p. 227
Raising the bellmouth spillway at Black Esk reservoir using Piano Key weirs	p. 235
Spillway capacity upgrade at Malarce dam: Construction of an additional piano key weir spillway	p. 243
F Future developments
Effect of driftwood on hydraulic head of Piano Key weirs	p. 255
Experimental and numerical study of the hydraulic performance of a trapezoidal Piano Key weir	p. 265
Overview of Piano Key weir prototypes and scientific model investigations	p. 273
Effective spillways: Harmonizing labyrinth weir hydraulic efficiency and project requirements	p. 283
Author index	p. 291

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