Cover image for Distillation design and control using aspen simulation
Title:
Distillation design and control using aspen simulation
Personal Author:
Luyben, William L.
Edition:
2nd ed.
Publication Information:
NJ. : Wiley-AIChE, 2013.
Physical Description:
xix, 489 p. : ill. ; 26 cm.
ISBN:
9781118411438
Subject Term:
Distillation apparatus -- Design and construction

Chemical process control -- Simulation methods

Petroluem -- Refining

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 30000010321240 TP159.D5 L89 2013 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

Learn how to develop optimal steady-state designs for distillation systems

As the search for new energy sources grows ever more urgent, distillation remains at the forefront among separation methods in the chemical, petroleum, and energy industries. Most importantly, as renewable sources of energy and chemical feedstocks continue to be developed, distillation design and control will become ever more important in our ability to ensure global sustainability.

Using the commercial simulators Aspen Plus® and Aspen Dynamics®, this text enables readers to develop optimal steady-state designs for distillation systems. Moreover, readers will discover how to develop effective control structures. While traditional distillation texts focus on the steady-state economic aspects of distillation design, this text also addresses such issues as dynamic performance in the face of disturbances.

Distillation Design and Control Using Aspen (tm) Simulation introduces the current status and future implications of this vital technology from the perspectives of steady-state design and dynamics. The book begins with a discussion of vapor-liquid phase equilibrium and then explains the core methods and approaches for analyzing distillation columns. Next, the author covers such topics as:

Setting up a steady-state simulation Distillation economic optimization Steady-state calculations for control structure selection Control of petroleum fractionators Design and control of divided-wall columns Pressure-compensated temperature control in distillation columns

Synthesizing four decades of research breakthroughs and practical applications in this dynamic field, Distillation Design and Control Using Aspen (tm) Simulation is a trusted reference that enables both students and experienced engineers to solve a broad range of challenging distillation problems.


Author Notes

WILLIAM L. LUYBEN, PhD, is Professor of Chemical Engineering at Lehigh University where he has taught for over forty-five years. Dr. Luyben spent nine years as an engineer with Exxon and DuPont. He has published fourteen books and more than 250 original research papers. Dr. Luyben is a 2003 recipient of the Computing Practice Award from the CAST Division of the AIChE. He was elected to the Process Control Hall of Fame in 2005. In 2011, the Separations Division of the AIChE recognized his contributions to distillation technology by a special honors session.


Table of Contents

Preface
Chapter 1 Fundamentals of VLE
1.1 Vapor pressure
1.2 Binary VLE phase diagrams
1.3 Physical property methods
1.4 Relative volatility
1.5 Bubblepoint calculations
1.6 Ternary diagrams
1.7 VLE non-ideality
1.8 Residue curves for ternary systems
1.9 Distillation Boundaries
1.10 Conclusion
Chapter 2 Analysis of Distillation Columns
2.1 Design degrees of freedom
2.2 Binary McCabe-Thiele method
2.3 Approximate multi-component methods
2.4 Conceptual design of ternary systems
2.5 Conclusion
Chapter 3 Setting Up a Steady-State Simulation
3.1 Configuring a new simulation
3.2 Specifying chemical components and physical properties
3.3 Specifying stream properties
3.4 Specifying parameters of equipment
3.5 Running the simulation
3.6 Using design spec/vary function
3.7 Finding the optimum feed tray and minimum conditions
3.8 Column sizing
3.9 Using Conceptual Design
3.10 Conclusion
Chapter 4 Distillation Economic Optimization
4.1 Heuristic optimization
4.2 Economic basis
4.3 Results
4.4 Operating optimization
4.5 Optimum pressure for vacuum columns
4.6 Conclusion
Chapter 5 More Complex Distillation Systems
5.1 Extractive distillation
5.2 Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation
5.3 Pressure-swing azeotropic distillation
5.4 Heat-integrated columns
5.5 Conclusion
Chapter 6 Steady-State Calculations for Control Structure Selection
6.1 Control structure alternatives
6.2 Feed-composition sensitivity analysis
6.3 Temperature control tray selection
6.4 Conclusion
Chapter 7 Converting from Steady State to Dynamic Simulation
7.1 Equipment sizing
7.2 Exporting to Aspen Dynamics
7.3 Opening the dynamic simulation in Aspen Dynamics
7.4 Installing basic controllers
7.5 Installing temperature and composition controllers
7.6 Performance evaluation
7.7 Conclusion
Chapter 8 Control of More Complex Columns
8.1 Extractive distillation process
8.2 Columns with partial condensers
8.3 Control of heat-integrated distillation columns
8.4 Control of azeotropic columns/decanter system
8.5 Unusual Control Structure
8.6 Conclusion
Chapter 9 Reactive Distillation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Types of reactive distillation systems
9.3 TAME process basics
9.4 TAME reaction kinetics and VLE
9.5 Plantwide control structure
9.6 Conclusion
Chapter 10 Control of Sidestream Columns
10.1 Liquid sidestream column
10.2 Vapor sidestream column
10.3 Liquid sidestream column with stripper
10.4 Vapor sidestream column with rectifier
10.5 Sidestream purge column
10.6 Conclusion
Chapter 11 Control of Petroleum Fractionators
11.1 Petroleum fractions
11.2 Characterization of crude oil
11.3 Steady-state design of preflash column
11.4 Control of preflash column
11.5 Steady-state design of pipestill
11.6 Control of pipestill
11.7 Conclusion
Chapter 12 Design and Control of Divided-Wall Columns
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Steady-state design
12.3 Control of divided-wall columns
12.4 Control of conventional column process
12.5 Conclusion and Discussion
Chapter 13 Dynamic Safety Analysis
13.1 - Introduction
13.2 - Safety scenarios
13.3 - Process studied
13.4 - Basic Radfrac models
13.5 Dynamic simulations
13.6 Comparison of dynamic responses
13.7 Other Issues
13.8 Conclusion
Chapter 14 Carbon Dioxide Capture
14.1 - Carbon dioxide removal in low-pressure air combustion power plants
14.2 - Carbon dioxide removal in high-pressure IGCC power plants
14.3 - Conclusion
Chapter 15 Distillation Turndown
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Control problem
15.3 Process studied
15.4 Dynamic Performance for ramp disturbances
15.5 Dynamic performance for step disturbances
15.6 Other control structures
15.7 Conclusion
Chapter 16 Pressure-Compensated Temperature Control in Distillation Columns
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Numerical example studied
16.3 Conventional control structure selection
16.4 Temperature/pressure/composition relationships
16.5 Implementation in Aspen Dynamics
16.6 Comparison of dynamic results
16.7 Conclusion