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Summary
Summary
Cisco authorized self-study book for CCNA fundamentals
Prepare for the CCNA INTRO exam 640-821 or CCNA exam 640-801 with a Cisco authorized self-study guide. You'll learn how to:
CCNA Self-Study: Introduction to Cisco Networking Technologies (INTRO) is a Cisco authorized, self-paced learning tool for fundamental CCNA knowledge. This book helps you become literate in the basics of internetworking, TCP/IP, and the use of Cisco IOS Software on Cisco switches and routers. An excellent introduction to computer networking, this book addresses fundamental terms and concepts as well as basic procedures for working with the Cisco command-line interface (CLI) to configure and operate Cisco IOS devices.
Designed as a self-study guide for the INTRO component of the CCNA exam, this comprehensive tutorial imparts important knowledge and skills necessary to describe and identify major network and WAN components along with their functions and purposes. This book covers topics on network types, network media, switching fundamentals, TCP/IP, IP addressing and routing, WAN technologies, operating and configuring Cisco IOS devices, and managing network environments. Divided into three core parts, this book covers internetworking basics, internetworking layers, and administering Cisco devices. Each chapter ends with extensive review questions to test your knowledge acquisition.
Full of detailed information and easy-to-grasp tutorials, CCNA Self-Study: Introduction to Cisco Networking Technologies (INTRO) presents fundamental internetworking terms, concepts, and components and shows you how to apply this information to configure basic network connectivity via serial and LAN networks using PCs, hubs, routers, and switches. Whether you are studying to become CCNA certified or are simply seeking to gain a better understanding of networking fundamentals using the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) seven layer model, you will benefit from the information presented in this book.
CCNA Self-Study: Introduction to Cisco Networking Technologies (INTRO) is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco Systems that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.
This volume is in the Certification Self-Study Series offered by Cisco Press. Books in this series provide officially developed training solutions to help networking professionals understand technology implementations and prepare for the Cisco Career Certifications examinations.
Author Notes
Steve McQuerry, CCIE No. 6108, is an instructor, technical writer, and internetworking consultant with more than 10 years of networking industry experience
Reviews 1
Library Journal Review
Cisco remains the leader in networking technologies, and updated guides are sure to find a steady readership. CCNA is a Cisco-authorized self-study guide to the INTRO CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) exam, the first of the two-part basic level of Cisco certification; it will also assist anyone managing a network using Cisco products. It moves from a general introduction to internetworking through operating and configuring Cisco IOS (Internetwork Operation System) network devices. Each chapter includes quizzes, summaries, and review questions. A solid test-prep book for a popular exam; appropriate for medium and larger libraries. Beginner's Guide gives those new to internetworking a clear and useful grounding in the fundamentals; coverage is broader than in titles that teach to the test. Some readers may move on to more formal study guides (the authors do provide a nice overview of the various Cisco certifications); others may just need enough of the basics to speak their net administrator's language or manage a small network. Recommended for all libraries. (c) Copyright 2010. Library Journals LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Media Source, Inc. No redistribution permitted. All rights reserved.
Table of Contents
Foreword | p. xviii |
Introduction | p. xix |
Part I Internetworking Basics | p. 3 |
Chapter 1 Introduction to Internetworking | p. 5 |
Network Computing Basics | p. 5 |
Personal Computer Components | p. 6 |
CPU and Memory | p. 6 |
Storage Devices | p. 8 |
Expansion Bus | p. 9 |
Input and Output Devices | p. 10 |
Laptop Versus PC | p. 10 |
Network Interface Cards | p. 11 |
Network Computing Basics Section Quiz | p. 13 |
Computer Numbering Systems | p. 14 |
Computing Measurement Terms | p. 15 |
Decimal-to-Binary Conversion | p. 16 |
Binary-to-Decimal Conversion | p. 20 |
Hexadecimal Conversions | p. 23 |
Hexadecimal-to-Binary Conversion | p. 25 |
Computer Numbering Systems Section Quiz | p. 26 |
Internetworking Fundamentals | p. 27 |
Basic Internetworking Terminology | p. 27 |
Networking Applications | p. 29 |
Internetworking Fundamentals Section Quiz | p. 30 |
Principles of Data Communications | p. 31 |
OSI Model | p. 32 |
Layer 7 The Application Layer | p. 34 |
Layer 6 The Presentation Layer | p. 34 |
Layer 5 The Session Layer | p. 34 |
Layer 4 The Transport Layer | p. 35 |
Layer 3 The Network Layer | p. 35 |
Layer 2 The Data Link Layer | p. 35 |
Layer 1 The Physical Layer | p. 35 |
Data Communications Process | p. 36 |
Encapsulation | p. 37 |
De-Encapsulation | p. 38 |
Peer-to-Peer Communication | p. 39 |
TCP/IP Protocol Stack | p. 40 |
OSI Model Versus TCP/IP Stack | p. 41 |
Principles of Data Communication Section Quiz | p. 42 |
Chapter Summary | p. 43 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 43 |
Chapter 2 Internetworking Devices | p. 47 |
Defining Network Components | p. 47 |
Mapping Business Needs to a Hierarchical Model | p. 49 |
Access Layer | p. 50 |
Distribution Layer | p. 51 |
Core Layer | p. 51 |
Physical Network Versus Logical Network | p. 52 |
Bus | p. 52 |
Star and Extended Star | p. 53 |
Ring | p. 54 |
Mesh and Partial Mesh | p. 54 |
Network Topology Section Quiz | p. 55 |
Functions of Internetworking Devices | p. 56 |
Physical Layer Functions | p. 56 |
Physical Media and Connectors | p. 57 |
Collision and Broadcast Domains | p. 59 |
Layer 1 Devices | p. 59 |
Data Link Layer Functions | p. 62 |
MAC Sublayer Frames | p. 63 |
LLC Sublayer Frames | p. 64 |
Layer 2 Class of Services | p. 65 |
Data Link Layer Devices | p. 66 |
Network Layer Functions | p. 69 |
Network Layer Addresses | p. 70 |
Layer 3 Quality of Service Marking | p. 72 |
Router Operation at the Network Layer | p. 73 |
Transport Layer Functions | p. 75 |
Multilayer Devices | p. 76 |
Mapping Devices to Layers and the Hierarchical Model | p. 76 |
Services Devices | p. 77 |
Functions of Internetwork Devices Section Quiz | p. 79 |
Chapter Summary | p. 81 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 81 |
Chapter 3 Common Types of Networks | p. 85 |
LANs Overview | p. 85 |
Ethernet | p. 87 |
Fast Ethernet | p. 90 |
Gigabit Ethernet | p. 91 |
LANs Overview Section Quiz | p. 93 |
WANs Overview | p. 94 |
WAN Devices | p. 96 |
WAN Service Providers and Signaling Standards | p. 98 |
WAN Physical Layer Protocols | p. 100 |
WAN Data Link Layer Protocols | p. 102 |
MANs Overview | p. 103 |
Global Internet | p. 104 |
WANs Overview Section Quiz | p. 105 |
Services Networks | p. 106 |
SANs | p. 106 |
CNs | p. 108 |
VPNs | p. 109 |
Intranets and Extranets | p. 111 |
Services Networks Section Quiz | p. 112 |
Chapter Summary | p. 114 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 114 |
Part II The Internetworking Layers | p. 119 |
Chapter 4 Network Media (The Physical Layer) | p. 121 |
Cabling and Infrastructure | p. 121 |
Twisted-Pair Cable | p. 121 |
Coaxial Cable | p. 123 |
Fiber-Optic Cable | p. 125 |
Wireless Communications | p. 126 |
Comparing Media Types | p. 128 |
Cabling and Infrastructure Section Quiz | p. 129 |
Choosing LAN Cabling Options | p. 130 |
LAN Physical Layer | p. 131 |
Ethernet in the Campus | p. 131 |
Ethernet Media and Connector Requirements | p. 133 |
Connection Media | p. 133 |
UTP Implementation | p. 136 |
LAN Cabling Options Section Quiz | p. 140 |
Understanding WAN Cabling | p. 141 |
WAN Physical Layer | p. 141 |
WAN Serial Connections | p. 142 |
Serial Connections | p. 143 |
ISDN BRI Connections | p. 146 |
DSL Connections | p. 147 |
Cable Connections | p. 147 |
Asynchronous Router Connections | p. 148 |
Console Port Connections | p. 148 |
Auxiliary Connections | p. 149 |
Understanding WAN Cabling Section Review | p. 150 |
Chapter Summary | p. 151 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 151 |
Chapter 5 Layer 2 Switching Fundamentals (The Data Link Layer) | p. 155 |
Understanding Shared Ethernet Technologies | p. 155 |
Properties of Ethernet Segments | p. 155 |
Communications Within the Segment | p. 157 |
Collision Domains | p. 158 |
Consuming Bandwidth | p. 159 |
Limitations of Shared Networks | p. 160 |
Understanding Shared Ethernet Technologies Section Quiz | p. 160 |
Bridged and Switched Ethernet | p. 162 |
Bridges in LANs | p. 162 |
Layer 2 Switches | p. 163 |
Identifying Switching Features | p. 164 |
Categorizing Switches by Bandwidth | p. 165 |
Categorizing Switches by Layer Functionality | p. 166 |
Switching Frames | p. 167 |
Flooding the Network | p. 168 |
Loops in a Switched Network | p. 168 |
Preventing Loops | p. 170 |
Bridged and Switched Ethernet Section Quiz | p. 170 |
Virtual LANs | p. 173 |
Defining a VLAN | p. 173 |
Identifying VLAN Benefits | p. 174 |
Identifying VLAN Components | p. 175 |
Establishing VLAN Membership | p. 176 |
Communicating Between VLANs | p. 176 |
Virtual LAN Section Quiz | p. 177 |
Chapter Summary | p. 178 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 179 |
Chapter 6 TCP/IP (The Transport and Internetworking Layer Protocol) | p. 185 |
IP Internet Layer Overview | p. 186 |
IP | p. 187 |
Internet Control Message Protocol | p. 191 |
Address Resolution Protocol | p. 192 |
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol | p. 195 |
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | p. 195 |
IP Internet Layer Overview Section Quiz | p. 197 |
The Transport Layer | p. 199 |
TCP/IP Applications | p. 202 |
Transport Layer Functionality | p. 202 |
TCP/UDP Header Format | p. 205 |
How TCP and UDP Use Port Numbers | p. 208 |
Establishing a TCP Connection: The Three-Way Handshake | p. 210 |
Flow Control for TCP/UDP | p. 213 |
Transport Layer Section Quiz | p. 214 |
Chapter Summary | p. 218 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 218 |
Chapter 7 IP Addressing and Routing (The Internetworking Layer) | p. 227 |
IP Network Addressing | p. 227 |
IP Address Classes | p. 229 |
Network and Broadcast Addresses | p. 232 |
Public and Private IP Addresses | p. 235 |
Address Exhaustion | p. 236 |
IP Network Addressing Section Quiz | p. 240 |
IP Subnetting | p. 242 |
Subnet Addresses | p. 243 |
Subnet Masks | p. 244 |
Broadcasts | p. 247 |
Identifying IP Addresses | p. 249 |
Subnet Planning | p. 251 |
IP Subnetting Section Quiz | p. 253 |
Routing Basics | p. 255 |
Routing Tables | p. 258 |
Design Goals of Routing Protocols | p. 259 |
Routing Metrics | p. 260 |
Routing Basics Section Quiz | p. 262 |
Routing Protocols | p. 263 |
Overview of Routing Protocol Categories | p. 265 |
Distance Vector Routing Protocols | p. 265 |
Link-State Routing Protocols | p. 266 |
Hybrid Routing Protocols | p. 268 |
RIPv1 and RIPv2 | p. 269 |
IGRP | p. 270 |
EIGRP | p. 271 |
OSPF | p. 271 |
BGP | p. 272 |
Routing Protocols Section Quiz | p. 273 |
Chapter Summary | p. 275 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 275 |
Part III Administering Cisco Devices | p. 283 |
Chapter 8 Using WAN Technologies | p. 285 |
WAN Technology Basics | p. 285 |
Circuit Switching | p. 286 |
Packet Switching | p. 287 |
Point to Point | p. 287 |
Bandwidth | p. 288 |
Multiplexing | p. 289 |
WAN Technology Basics Section Quiz | p. 291 |
WAN Access Technologies | p. 293 |
PPP | p. 293 |
HDLC | p. 294 |
ISDN | p. 295 |
DSL | p. 296 |
Frame Relay | p. 299 |
ATM and Cell Switching | p. 301 |
SONET | p. 302 |
WAN Access Technologies Section Quiz | p. 303 |
Modems | p. 305 |
Analog Modems | p. 305 |
Cable Modems | p. 306 |
How Cable Modems Work | p. 307 |
Advantages and Disadvantages of Cable Modems | p. 308 |
Modems Section Quiz | p. 309 |
Chapter Summary | p. 310 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 310 |
Chapter 9 Operating and Configuring Cisco IOS Devices | p. 315 |
Basic Operation of the Cisco IOS Software | p. 315 |
Cisco IOS Startup | p. 316 |
Configuration Sources | p. 316 |
Using the Cisco IOS CLI | p. 318 |
Keyboard Help in Device CLI | p. 320 |
Context-Sensitive Help for Cisco IOS Devices | p. 321 |
Console Error Messages for Cisco IOS Devices | p. 321 |
Command History Buffer for Cisco IOS Devices | p. 322 |
Using CLI Help Features Example | p. 323 |
Enhanced Editing Mode: Editing Key Functions | p. 324 |
Cisco IOS Configuration Methods | p. 326 |
Basic Operation of the Cisco IOS Software Section Quiz | p. 327 |
Booting a Cisco IOS Device | p. 332 |
Starting a Cisco Catalyst IOS Switch | p. 332 |
Starting a Cisco IOS Router | p. 337 |
Booting a Cisco IOS Device Section Quiz | p. 343 |
Configuring a Switch from the Command Line | p. 345 |
Configuring a Switch from the Command Line Section Quiz | p. 350 |
Configuring a Router from the Command Line | p. 351 |
Additional Console Commands | p. 354 |
Configuring Router Interfaces | p. 355 |
Configuring a Router from the Command Line Section Quiz | p. 361 |
Managing Configuration Changes | p. 362 |
Managing Configuration Changes Section Quiz | p. 365 |
Chapter Summary | p. 365 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 366 |
Chapter 10 Managing Your Network Environment | p. 377 |
Getting Information About Neighboring Devices | p. 377 |
Displaying General Information About Neighboring Devices | p. 379 |
Displaying CDP Information About a Device | p. 379 |
Displaying CDP Information About Neighboring Devices | p. 380 |
Displaying Detailed CDP Information About Neighboring Devices | p. 381 |
Displaying Information About Device Traffic | p. 382 |
Displaying Configuration Information and Interface Status for a Device | p. 383 |
Creating a Network Map of the Environment | p. 383 |
Getting Information About Neighboring Devices Section Quiz | p. 384 |
Getting Information About Remote Devices | p. 387 |
Establishing a Telnet Session to a Remote Device | p. 387 |
Verifying and Displaying Active Telnet Sessions | p. 388 |
Suspending, Re-Establishing, and Ending Active Telnet Sessions | p. 389 |
Documenting the Network with the ping and traceroute Commands | p. 390 |
Getting Information About Remote Devices Section Quiz | p. 393 |
Router Booting Sequence and Verification Commands | p. 395 |
Router Booting Sequence | p. 395 |
Router Components | p. 396 |
ROM Microcode | p. 396 |
Loading/Running the Router Configuration | p. 401 |
Managing Router Configurations with copy Commands | p. 402 |
Router Booting Sequence and Verification Commands Section Quiz | p. 405 |
Cisco IOS File System and Devices | p. 407 |
Moving and Managing Router Configuration Files | p. 408 |
Managing IOS Images | p. 409 |
Backing Up Your IOS Image File | p. 410 |
Loading a New IOS Image File from the Network Server | p. 411 |
Executing Adds, Moves, and Changes | p. 412 |
Using debug on Operational Cisco Devices | p. 414 |
Cisco IOS File System and Devices Section Quiz | p. 417 |
Chapter Summary | p. 419 |
Chapter Review Questions | p. 420 |
Part IV Appendixes | p. 433 |
Appendix A Answers to the Chapter Review Questions and Quizzes | p. 435 |
Glossary | p. 477 |
Index | p. 495 |