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Summary
Summary
Recent worldwide advances in manufacturing technologies led to a metamorphism in the industry. Fast-changing technologies on the product front have created a need for an equally fast response from manufacturing industries, who select manufacturing strategies, product designs, manufacturing processes, and machinery and equipment. Decision makers have the problem of assessing a range of options and selecting one based on conflicting criteria.
This book shows how graph theory and matrix approach, and fuzzy multiple attribute decision making methods can be used in manufacturing. Part I introduces the decision making situations in the manufacturing environment and presents decision making methods; Part II uses case studies to illustrate the applications of these methods in real manufacturing situations.
This book will interest designers, manufacturing engineers, practitioners, managers, institutes involved in design and manufacturing related projects, researchers, academics, and graduates in this field.
Author Notes
Dr R. Venkata Rao is a Professor and the Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, India. Dr Rao's research interests include advanced manufacturing technology, CAD/CAM, CIMS, fuzzy multiple attribute decision making methods, and non-traditional optimization methods.
Table of Contents
Part 1 Introduction to Decision Making | |
1 Introduction to Decision Making in the Manufacturing Environment | p. 3 |
1.1 Introduction | p. 3 |
1.2 Decision-making Methods Used | p. 5 |
2 Graph Theory and Matrix Approach as a Decision-making Method | p. 7 |
2.1 Introduction | p. 7 |
2.2 Machinability Attributes Digraph | p. 8 |
2.3 Matrix Representation of the Digraph | p. 10 |
2.4 Machinability Index | p. 19 |
2.5 Identification and Comparison of Work Materials | p. 21 |
2.5.1 Identification of Work Materials | p. 21 |
2.5.2 Comparison of Work Materials | p. 22 |
2.6 Methodology of GTMA as a Decision-making Method | p. 23 |
References | p. 24 |
3 Introduction to Multiple Attribute Decision-making (MADM) Methods | p. 27 |
3.1 Introduction | p. 27 |
3.2 Multiple Attribute Decision-making Methods | p. 28 |
3.2.1 Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method | p. 28 |
3.2.2 Weighted Product Method (WPM) | p. 29 |
3.2.3 Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method | p. 29 |
3.2.4 Revised Analytic Hierarchy Process (RAHP) Method | p. 32 |
3.2.5 Multiplicative Analytic Hierarchy Process (MAHP) Method | p. 32 |
3.2.6 TOPSIS Method | p. 32 |
3.2.6.1 Entropy Method | p. 34 |
3.2.6.2 Standard Deviation Method | p. 35 |
3.2.6.3 AHP Method | p. 35 |
3.2.7 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 35 |
3.2.8 Compromise Ranking Method (VIKOR) | p. 36 |
3.3 Sensitivity Analysis | p. 37 |
3.4 Group Decision Making (GDM) | p. 38 |
References | p. 39 |
4 A Logical Approach to Fuzzy MADM Problems | p. 43 |
4.1 Introduction | p. 43 |
4.2 Method Proposed by Chen and Hwang (1992 | p. 44 |
4.2.1 Converting Linguistic Terms to Fuzzy Numbers | p. 44 |
4.2.2 Converting Fuzzy Numbers to Crisp Scores | p. 44 |
4.3 Demonstration of the Method | p. 45 |
References | p. 49 |
Part 2 Applications of GTMA and Fuzzy MADM Methods in the Manufacturing Environment | |
5 Material Selection for a Given Engineering Application | p. 53 |
5.1 Introduction | p. 53 |
5.2 Examples | p. 55 |
5.2.1 Example 1 | p. 56 |
5.2.1.1 Application of GTMA | p. 56 |
5.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 58 |
5.2.1.3 WPM | p. 59 |
5.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 59 |
5.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 61 |
5.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 62 |
5.2.1.7 VIKOR | p. 63 |
5.2.2 Example 2 | p. 64 |
5.2.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 64 |
5.2.2.2 SAW Method | p. 65 |
5.2.2.3 WPM | p. 66 |
5.2.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 66 |
5.2.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 67 |
5.2.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 67 |
References | p. 68 |
6 Evaluation of Product Designs | p. 71 |
6.1 Introduction | p. 71 |
6.2 Example | p. 74 |
6.2.1 GTMA | p. 74 |
6.2.2 AHP Method | p. 76 |
6.2.3 TOPSIS Method | p. 77 |
6.2.4 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 79 |
References | p. 79 |
7 Machinability Evaluation of Work Materials | p. 81 |
7.1 Introduction | p. 81 |
7.2 Examples | p. 84 |
7.2.1 Example 1 | p. 84 |
7.2.1.1 Application of GTMA | p. 85 |
7.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 87 |
7.2.1.3 WPM | p. 87 |
7.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 88 |
7.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 88 |
7.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 89 |
7.2.2 Example 2 | p. 90 |
7.2.2.1 Application of SAW Method | p. 90 |
7.2.2.2 WPM | p. 91 |
7.2.2.3 AHP and its Versions | p. 91 |
7.2.2.4 TOPSIS Method | p. 92 |
7.2.2.5 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 93 |
References | p. 93 |
8 Cutting Fluid Selection for a Given Machining Application | p. 97 |
8.1 Introduction | p. 97 |
8.2 Examples | p. 103 |
8.2.1 Example 1 | p. 103 |
8.2.1.1 Application of GTMA | p. 104 |
8.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 105 |
8.2.1.3 WPM | p. 106 |
8.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 106 |
8.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 107 |
8.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 108 |
8.2.2 Example 2 | p. 109 |
8.2.2.1 GTMA | p. 109 |
8.2.2.2 SAW Method | p. 110 |
8.2.2.3 WPM | p. 111 |
8.2.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 111 |
8.2.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 111 |
8.2.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 112 |
References | p. 112 |
9 Evaluation and Selection of Modern Machining Methods | p. 115 |
9.1 Introduction | p. 115 |
9.2 Examples | p. 117 |
9.2.1 Example 1 | p. 117 |
9.2.1.1 GTMA | p. 117 |
9.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 119 |
9.2.1.3 WPM | p. 120 |
9.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 120 |
9.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 121 |
9.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 121 |
9.2.2 Example 2 | p. 121 |
9.2.2.1 GTMA | p. 122 |
9.2.2.2 TOPSIS Method | p. 123 |
9.2.2.3 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 124 |
References | p. 124 |
10 Evaluation of Flexible Manufacturing Systems | p. 125 |
10.1 Introduction | p. 125 |
10.2 Examples | p. 127 |
10.2.1 Example 1 | p. 127 |
10.2.1.1 Application of GTMA | p. 128 |
10.2.1.2 AHP and its Versions | p. 130 |
10.2.2 Example 2 | p. 131 |
10.2.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 132 |
10.2.2.2 AHP and its Versions | p. 133 |
10.2.2.3 TOPSIS & Modified TOPSIS Methods | p. 134 |
10.2.2.4 Compromise Ranking Method (VIKOR) | p. 134 |
References | p. 135 |
11 Machine Selection in a Flexible Manufacturing Cell | p. 139 |
11.1 Introduction | p. 139 |
11.2 Example | p. 141 |
11.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 142 |
11.2.2 SAW Method | p. 144 |
11.2.3 WPM | p. 145 |
11.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 145 |
11.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 146 |
11.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 146 |
References | p. 147 |
12 Failure Cause Analysis of Machine Tools | p. 149 |
12.1 Introduction | p. 149 |
12.2 Identifying Contributing Events of a Failure Cause | p. 154 |
12.3 MTFCD and its Matrix Representation | p. 156 |
12.4 General Machine Tool Failure Causality Function | p. 158 |
12.5 Machine Tool Failure Cause Evaluation | p. 160 |
12.6 Machine Tool Failure Cause Analysis | p. 162 |
12.7 Methodology | p. 163 |
12.8 Summary | p. 164 |
References | p. 165 |
13 Robot Selection for a Given Industrial Application | p. 169 |
13.1 Introduction | p. 169 |
13.2 Examples | p. 171 |
13.2.1 Example 1 | p. 172 |
13.2.1.1 Application of GTMA | p. 172 |
13.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 173 |
13.2.1.3 WPM | p. 173 |
13.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 174 |
13.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 174 |
13.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 175 |
13.2.2 Example 2 | p. 176 |
13.2.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 176 |
13.2.2.2 AHP and its Versions | p. 177 |
References | p. 178 |
14 Selection of Automated Inspection Systems | p. 181 |
14.1 Introduction | p. 181 |
14.2 Example | p. 182 |
14.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 182 |
14.2.2 AHP and its Versions | p. 185 |
14.2.3 TOPSIS Method | p. 186 |
14.2.4 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 186 |
References | p. 186 |
15 Selection of Material Handling Equipment | p. 187 |
15.1 Introduction | p. 187 |
15.2 Example | p. 191 |
15.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 191 |
15.2.2 SAW Method | p. 192 |
15.2.3 WPM | p. 193 |
15.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 193 |
15.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 193 |
15.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 194 |
References | p. 194 |
16 Selection of Rapid Prototyping Process in Rapid Product Development | p. 197 |
16.1 Introduction | p. 197 |
16.2 Example | p. 200 |
16.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 201 |
16.2.2 SAW Method | p. 203 |
16.2.3 WPM | p. 204 |
16.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 204 |
16.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 205 |
16.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 205 |
16.2.7 VIKOR | p. 206 |
References | p. 206 |
17 Selection of Software in Manufacturing Industries | p. 209 |
17.1 Introduction | p. 209 |
17.2 Example | p. 211 |
17.3 General Remarks | p. 213 |
References | p. 213 |
18 Welding Process Selection for a Given Application | p. 215 |
18.1 Introduction | p. 215 |
18.2 Example | p. 216 |
18.2.1 GTMA | p. 216 |
18.2.2 SAW Method | p. 218 |
18.2.3 WPM | p. 218 |
18.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 218 |
18.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 219 |
References | p. 219 |
19 Geometric Moldability Analysis of Parts | p. 221 |
19.1 Introduction | p. 221 |
19.2 Example | p. 224 |
19.2.1 GTMA | p. 225 |
19.2.2 SAW Method | p. 226 |
19.2.3 AHP Method | p. 226 |
19.2.4 TOPSIS Method | p. 227 |
19.2.5 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 228 |
19.3 General Remarks | p. 228 |
References | p. 228 |
20 Evaluation of Metal Stamping Layouts | p. 231 |
20.1 Introduction | p. 231 |
20.2 Example | p. 233 |
20.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 234 |
20.2.2 SAW Method | p. 236 |
20.2.3 WPM | p. 236 |
20.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 237 |
20.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 238 |
20.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 238 |
References | p. 239 |
21 Selection of Forging Conditions for Forging a Given Component | p. 243 |
21.1 Introduction | p. 243 |
21.2 Example | p. 248 |
21.2.1 GTMA | p. 248 |
21.2.2 SAW Method | p. 249 |
21.2.3 WPM | p. 250 |
21.2.4 AHP Method | p. 250 |
21.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 250 |
21.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 251 |
References | p. 251 |
22 Evaluation of Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing Programs | p. 255 |
22.1 Introduction | p. 255 |
22.2 Example | p. 257 |
22.2.1 GTMA | p. 258 |
22.2.2 SAW Method | p. 259 |
22.2.3 AHP and its Versions | p. 260 |
22.2.4 TOPSIS Method | p. 260 |
22.2.5 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 261 |
References | p. 262 |
23 Environmental Impact Assessment of Manufacturing Processes | p. 265 |
23.1 Introduction | p. 265 |
23.2 Example | p. 268 |
23.2.1 GTMA | p. 270 |
23.2.2 AHP Method | p. 271 |
23.2.3 TOPSIS Method | p. 272 |
23.2.4 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 274 |
References | p. 274 |
24 Evaluation of Aggregate Risk in Green Manufacturing | p. 277 |
24.1 Introduction | p. 277 |
24.2 Example | p. 280 |
24.2.1 GTMA | p. 280 |
24.2.2 AHP Method | p. 281 |
24.2.3 TOPSIS Method | p. 282 |
24.2.4 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 282 |
References | p. 283 |
25 Selection of Best Product End-of-Life Scenario | p. 285 |
25.1 Introduction | p. 285 |
25.2 Example | p. 288 |
25.2.1 GTMA | p. 289 |
25.2.2 SAW Method | p. 290 |
25.2.3 WPM | p. 290 |
25.2.4 TOPSIS Method | p. 291 |
25.2.5 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 291 |
25.2.6 Compromise Ranking Method (VIKOR) | p. 292 |
References | p. 292 |
26 Integrated Project Evaluation and Selection | p. 295 |
26.1 Introduction | p. 295 |
26.2 Example | p. 299 |
26.2.1 WPM | p. 301 |
26.2.2 TOPSIS Method | p. 301 |
26.2.3 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 302 |
References | p. 303 |
27 Facility Location Selection | p. 305 |
27.1 Introduction | p. 305 |
27.2 Examples | p. 306 |
27.2.1 Example 1 | p. 306 |
27.2.1.1 GTMA | p. 306 |
27.2.1.2 SAW Method | p. 308 |
27.2.1.3 WPM | p. 308 |
27.2.1.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 309 |
27.2.1.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 309 |
27.2.1.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 310 |
27.2.2 Example 2 | p. 310 |
27.2.2.1 GTMA | p. 311 |
27.2.2.2 AHP and its Versions | p. 312 |
References | p. 312 |
28 Operational Performance Evaluation of Competing Companies | p. 315 |
28.1 Introduction | p. 315 |
28.2 Example | p. 316 |
28.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 317 |
28.2.2 SAW Method | p. 318 |
28.2.3 WPM | p. 318 |
28.2.4 AHP and its Versions | p. 318 |
28.2.5 TOPSIS Method | p. 319 |
28.2.6 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 319 |
References | p. 319 |
29 Vendor Selection in a Supply Chain Environment | p. 321 |
29.1 Introduction | p. 321 |
29.2 Example 1 | p. 323 |
29.2.1 GTMA | p. 324 |
29.2.2 TOPSIS Method | p. 326 |
29.3 Genetic Algorithms | p. 329 |
29.4 Proposed Methodology | p. 330 |
29.5 Example 2 | p. 331 |
29.6 General Remarks | p. 336 |
References | p. 337 |
30 Group Decision Making in the Manufacturing Environment | p. 341 |
30.1 Introduction | p. 341 |
30.2 Example | p. 342 |
30.2.1 Application of GTMA | p. 343 |
30.2.2 SAW Method | p. 344 |
30.2.3 WPM | p. 344 |
30.2.4 TOPSIS Method | p. 345 |
30.2.5 Modified TOPSIS Method | p. 345 |
30.3 General Remarks | p. 345 |
References | p. 346 |
Appendix Computer Codes | p. 347 |
Index | p. 371 |